how to construct a theory? steps: 1. postulates are asserted 2. observations on human behaviors are...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: How to construct a theory? Steps: 1. Postulates are asserted 2. Observations on human behaviors are made 3. Theory is constructed (assumption may be](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062301/56649cf05503460f949bf87e/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
How to construct a theory?
![Page 2: How to construct a theory? Steps: 1. Postulates are asserted 2. Observations on human behaviors are made 3. Theory is constructed (assumption may be](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062301/56649cf05503460f949bf87e/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Steps:1. Postulates are asserted
2. Observations on human behaviors are made
3. Theory is constructed (assumption may be included
4. Hypothesis is derived (If A, then B)
5. Hypothesis is tested against evidence
6. Theory is either confirmed or refuted
7. Repeat steps 4, 5, 6
8. After continual testing, if the theory is confirmed, then it is accepted tentatively
![Page 3: How to construct a theory? Steps: 1. Postulates are asserted 2. Observations on human behaviors are made 3. Theory is constructed (assumption may be](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062301/56649cf05503460f949bf87e/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Is attractiveness important to females?
Which one is more charming?
In order to provide an answer, a theory is used to explain and predict
human behaviors.
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Step 1Postulates are asserted:
Physical attractiveness is important to females
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Step 2Observation:
Many females are on diet
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Assumption:
Genetic factor will not determine the body shape
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Step 3Theory:
Behaviors are explained and predicted as follows:
The greater the need to enhance physical attractiveness, the greater the tendency will be for a female to lose weight
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Step 4Hypothesis:
Hypothesis is derived:
If a female considers herself more unattractive, then she will perform a greater number of dieting behaviors.
![Page 9: How to construct a theory? Steps: 1. Postulates are asserted 2. Observations on human behaviors are made 3. Theory is constructed (assumption may be](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062301/56649cf05503460f949bf87e/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Step 5collect evidence through a survey
Question 1:
How would you rank your appearance?
A. ugly B. medium C. above average D. beautiful
Question 2:
Check against a list of behaviorsvomit after each mealtake medication to control appetiteskip lunchcalculate body weight before and after each mealcalculate calories of food before eatingothers: ?
![Page 10: How to construct a theory? Steps: 1. Postulates are asserted 2. Observations on human behaviors are made 3. Theory is constructed (assumption may be](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062301/56649cf05503460f949bf87e/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Result:
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
ugly mediocre above average beautiful
physical appearance
no
.
ugly
mediocre
above average
beautiful
Step 6: Theory is confirmed
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Step 7:Hypothesis:
Second hypothesis is derived:
If a female has been married for a longer period of time, then she is less likely to be on diet.
![Page 12: How to construct a theory? Steps: 1. Postulates are asserted 2. Observations on human behaviors are made 3. Theory is constructed (assumption may be](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062301/56649cf05503460f949bf87e/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Result (Empirical evidence collected through survey):
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
1 2 3 4 5
no. of years after marriage
no. o
f d
ietin
g b
eha
vio
ur
1
2
3
4
5
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Step 8:
The process of hypothesis testing will continue. When the theory is confirmed, then it will be accepted tentatively.
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