how to compute like a grad studentmpa/ic08/ic08_slides.pdf · 2008-09-03 · what sits on your...
TRANSCRIPT
How To Compute Like A Grad Student
http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~mpa/ic08/
Michael Ashley-Rollman
Featuring slides stolen from
cache, josullvn, colohan, mahim
Why this talk?
Some nuggets of accumulated wisdom
Some strong opinions
… and everything else you wanted to know, but were afraid to ask What does the computing infrastructure look like?
What does the network look like?
Where are the printers?
How do I obtain help?
What is with all these +s in email addresses?
What is this zephyr thing?
Can‟t sleep, computer will eat me
(but really, all you need is at http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~help)
Talk organization
What you get
SCS community
SCS hardware/software
Other helpful resources
TODOs for today
I will run through many slides. Look them over at your leisure. (http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~mpa/ic08/)
What sits on your desk
Dell Optiplex 755
2.40 GHz Core 2 Quad processor
250 GB hard disk
4GB RAM
19” LCD
Dual boot
Fedora Core 7, 2.6.21 kernel
Windows Vista Enterprise
What sits on your friend‟s desk
„90 Concept Terminal w/ Vaxen „91 IBM RT 12MB/250MB „92 16MHz MIPS R3000 DecStation 3100 „93 20MHz MIPS R3000 DecStation 5000/20 „94 25MHz MIPS R3000 DecStation 5000/25 or PowerMac 7100/66 „95 DecStation 5000/200s with mono monitor „96 Sun SparcStation 4 „97 266MHz Pentium II/64MB/4GB „98 400MHz Pentium II/128MB/6GB „99 500MHz Pentium III/128M/8GB „00 733MHz Pentium III/256MB/20GB „01 1GHz Pentium III/512MB/40GB „02 1.8GHz Pentium IV/1GB/60GB „03 2.4GHz Pentium IV/1GB/80GB LCD „04 3.0GHz Pentium IV/1GB/80GB LCD „05 3.2GHz Pentium IV (EMT64)/2GB/160GB/LCD „06 3.4GHz Pentium D (EM64 Dual core)/2GB/160GB/LCD „07 2.66GHz Core 2 Duo/2GB/250GB/LCD
SCS and Andrew accounts
SCS Andrew
e-mail [email protected] [email protected]
websites www.cs.cmu.edu/~mpa www.andrew.cmu.edu/~mpa
home /afs/cs/user/mpa /afs/andrew/usr11/mpa
public servers pools linux.gp.cs.cmu.edu linux.andrew.cmu.edu
Machines Desktop machine Cluster machines
E-mail address
You have TWO e-mail addresses
Can forward one to the other
Andrew forwarding: www.cmu.edu/myandrew
CS forwarding: www.cs.cmu.edu/~help/jeeves
Websites
You have TWO websites
www.andrew.cmu.edu/~mpa
www.cs.cmu.edu/~mpa
You probably want to redirect one to the other
CS links to www directory
www.cs.cmu.edu/~mpa is /afs/cs/user/mpa/www
See www.cs.cmu.edu/~help
Andrew requires “publishing”
See www.cmu.edu/myandrew
SCS Community
Facilidudes and facilidudettes Your friends
Overworked
Keep them your friends Be polite and considerate
Bake them cookies!
Users Many platforms
Windows, Linux, MacOS, Solaris, freeBSD, netBSD, IRIX, Plan9…
Many users, many problems…
SCS Community
Volunteers Maintain critical/useful software
gcc, matlab, mozilla, …
Help facilities serve other students
Volunteer today to maintain a software collection! (write to ken2@cs)
SCS Community – RPP
Reasonable Person Principle
“Do unto others…but better”
Respect others‟ privacy
Ask before doing anything Weird
Download mirrors, Floods, Moving Hardware, …
SCS Community – Finding Help
Officemates, google, man pages
Fac Documentation http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~help
Zephyr, FZQ, Zarchive http://zarchive.srv.cs.cmu.edu/
Facilidudes help@cs : “When you get a chance, how do I?”
Help Desk (8-4231) : “How do I?”
Operations (8-2607) : “Network is on fire!”, “No more printer paper/toner!”
SCS Community – Volunteering
Volunteers Maintain critical/useful software
gcc, matlab, mozilla, …
Volunteer to maintain a software package! (write to ken2@cs)
Help facilities serve other students
Serve tea on Mondays at 4pm in the lounge Come to tea!
Volunteer to be a Tea Troll! (write to mpa@andrew)
Maintain the expresso machine Volunteer to be an Expresso Elf! (write to rjsimmon@cs)
Maintain/stock the coke machine Volunteer to be a minion of the Coke Czar (write to mmcgloho@cs)
SCS network
See http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~help/networking/
Network service needs to be paid for (magic money) Do not plug computers in without registering http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~help/networking/netregister.html
Switched network, 10/100 Mbps to offices
We connect to CMU, they connect to PSC, they connect to the world
SCS network (cont)
Wireless network Run by the Andrew folks
Free, look at https://netreg.net.cmu.edu
Connecting from home Cable or DSL broadband service
http:/www.broadbandreports.com and zephyr for comparisons
When traveling iPass will let you connect to pay wireless networks
http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~help/networking/ipass.html
WebISO
WebISO provides authentication to useful websites
OLR – Online Registration (ANDREW)
SIO – Student Information Online (ANDREW)
My Andrew (ANDREW)
Black Friday Page (CS)
Login once to WebISO, can access all sites
Some of these require andrew credentials, some require cs credentials
https://webiso.andrew.cmu.edu/logout.cgi
Printers
Printer List http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~help/printing
Extra-RPP Big jobs at off hours Pick up your printouts “soon”
Clean up messes, jams Refill paper, Report ENOPAPER
Color printers best for final color documents
Windows Printers off \\monolith
Linux – CUPS Configuration: http://localhost:631/
Misc hardware
Fax machine in WeH 4212 Free for work
Fee for personal
Work stuff can also be handled by your advisor‟s AA
Copiers in the large printer rooms
Scanners in WeH 3501 Terminal Room
Windows machines in Andrew clusters have flash card readers (see the cluster in the 5100 corridor)
Communications – Email
http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~help/mail_news/index.html
Mail Server
imap.srv.cs.cmu.edu
POP wrapper provided
Clients
Outlook, mutt, pine, thunderbird, kmail (unsupported but works), anything using IMAP should work
http://webmail.cs.cmu.edu/
http://webmail.andrew.cmu.edu/
Communications – Email Filtering
IMAP and Sieve http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~help/mail_news/imap.html
http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~help/mail_news/imapsieve.html
Facilities detects spam for you
Sieve rule to filter it to INBOX.SPAM
Mail sent to mpa+foo@cs is delivered to mpa+@cs
Can filter mpa+foo@cs to different folder
See talk resource page for an example filtering script (http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~mpa/ic08)
Communications – Netnews
cmu.cs.scs: important announcements
cmu.cs.*.announce: new software or changes
cmu.cs.general: general interest items
cmu.misc.market: for sale, and randomness
official.cmu-news: updates on campus news
Servers
Unix : localhost
Windows : dnntpd.srv
Clients
http://webmail.andrew.cmu.edu/
Mozilla, Thunderbird, slrn, pine etc.
Communications – Zephyr
Private zephyr
Great for communicating with your friends, group members, other CS folks, email and printer notifications
Public zephyr
First: Think IRC Chat
Restrict it to CMU students (many ex-CMU students too)
Add helpful facilidudes, superpeers
Add notices for free food, talks, weather, dept problems, news
Add daylong flamewars and thesis avoidance
Add bitterness
Public Zephyr is Logged: http://zarchive.srv.cs.cmu.edu/
Communications – Zephyr Xemacs
Most easy-to-use and comprehensive client
See talk resource page for directions
owl Ncurses based zephyr client
pidgin/gaim Supports zephyr
Kzephyr
Not currently installed on FC7 Run from /afs/cs.cmu.edu/local/kde/i386_rh80/3.1/bin/kzephyr-bin
Commandline
zwrite to send
zwgc to receive– On by default
To stop: remove from ~/.xinitrc
Java/Windows
jzephyr: http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~honus/jzephyr/
Communications – Phone/Addr
finger finger mpa@cs
finger mpa+@cs
finger michael.ashley-rollman@cs
Does some fuzzy matching and disambiguation Somewhat retarded; follows email forwarding
lookup Especially useful for people whose email is forwarded off-site
Phone man phone
phone help
phone pizza
phone burks
Software – Facilitization
Pluses Kerberos, AFS, Misc Collections
Hacked Fedora Core 7
Security fixes/updates
Backups (Impossible on non-fac‟ed hosts)
Minuses
Network outages
Kernel patches become scary
Rebuild AFS, who knows what
What if you really want BSD or gentoo or Windows ME?
Software – Defacilitization
WAIT. Don‟t do it
Unless you‟re REALLY sure. 2nd year?
Pluses
Install whatever OS you want
Bypass CS problems (AFS, depot breakages, …)
Minuses
You must update, patch, troubleshoot, …
No backups
Software: administering your machine
You will get root access if you ask nicely, but…
If you mess something up, you fix it.
Fac will do a clean reinstall, recover data from backups.
That‟s it.
Installing software
Be nice, don‟t install random RPMs
Learn about depot
This will make your life MUCH better
We will come back to depot later
Software – Kerberos
Authentication/Encryption Clearinghouse
Login and get a “ticket”
Expires in 25 hours
Good for authentication/encryption for AFS/telnet
kinit – get fresh (ticket-granting) ticket
krenew – renew tickets as long as possible (a month)
klist – list tickets
klog – get AFS tokens for many different cells
“Access Denied” usually implies tickets expired
Create .mail, .ftp instances, ask help desk to create .root http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~help/accounts_passwords/kerberos.html
Software – AFS
“You know you have [a distributed system] when the crash of a computer you've never heard of stops you from getting any work done.”
- Leslie Lamport
At CMU, AFS is that distributed system.
Software – AFS
/afs
Links to hundreds of sites
Stitched together from multiple AFS volumes
Fancy, painful “cross-realm authentication” to access them
You have CS and Andrew accounts
/afs/cs.cmu.edu/user/mpa, /afs/andrew.cmu.edu/usr11/mpa
Day-old backups in ~/OldFiles
Use local disk wisely
AFS/Network failures suck
Home dir on /usr0 ?
Compiles, etc, slow out of afs
Software – AFS
fs help
Access control: rlidwka! Read, Lookup, Insert, Delete, Write, locK, Administrative fs listacl /afs/cs/user/mpa
fs setacl /afs/cs/user/mpa mpa rlidwka
fs setacl ~/pub system:anyuser rl
fs setacl ~/drop system:anyuser i
fs setacl ~/private –clear mpa rlidwka
Ignores unix permissions! (except for execute)
Quotas: fs quota /afs/cs/user/mpa
Max 1GB: telnet jeeves
you can get more if you ask nicely
Install OpenAFS client to access AFS from home/laptop
Software – AFS: Default acls
Access list for
/afs/cs.cmu.edu/user/<user_id> is
Normal rights:
system:friendlyhost rl
system:authuser rl
<user_id> rlidwka
Software – Depot
Packages copied/symlinked from AFS each night gcc, matlab, maple, perl, etc
AFS failure means software failure Force copies in /usr/local/depot/depot.pref.local
collection.installmethod copy PKGNAME
pine, gcc?, ssh? etc
man depot.pref.local
See example on talk resource page
VOLUNTEER
Software – Windows Misc
\\monolith\pc_dist is your friend
www.cmu.edu\myandrew
Install Updates Regularly (All you should need to do is reboot) Vulnerable machines pulled from the network
Secure Connections AFS module can be flakey Putty (ssh), NiftyTelnet
Dual Boot Systems Share data via FAT partitions or AFS
10 GB on your machines, mounted as /shared
ntfsresize can change allocations
ssh
“Secure shell”: Secure connections sans kerberos ssh –X mahim@host (-X for X11 forwarding) ssh –Y mahim@host (-Y for secure X11 forwarding) ssh –X mahim.root@host (Login as root) ssh mahim@cs remote-command
scp src mahim@host:dst
scp mahim@host:src dst
sftp mahim@host
Windows Use putty or WinSCP (google them)
Fancy tricks let you login without typing passwords http://www.snailbook.com/faq/no-passphrase.auto.html You will still need to kinit to use any kerberos-protected resources
Web Proxies
Reduces Bandwidth, Improves Response Times
Removes Ads
Servers
Squid:3128, junkbuster:8000
https://www.vpn.cmu.edu/webvpn.html
Lets you access CMU-only material
Free Food Cam
http://freefood.pc.cs.cmu.edu
Resources
Help
http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~help
FZQ
http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~fzq
Zarchive
http://zarchive.srv.cs.cmu.edu
Resources
www.library.cmu.edu
Free IEEE, ACM Databases
Use https://www.vpn.cmu.edu/webvpn.html externally
Loads of other resources
Do Today – Part 1
Make ~/.plan Office Location, Office, Home, Cell Phone Numbers Contents show up in your finger information
Make doorlabel http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~mpa/ic08/doorlabel http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~aothman/doorlabel.html
Make web page http://www.cs.cmu.edu/webhelp/howto.html Office Location, Office, Home, Cell Phone Numbers
Ask Main Office for Copier # Library uses SCS copycard
Do Today – Part 2
MyAndrew: http://www.cmu.edu/myandrew
Forward your @andrew mail to @cs
create @cmu.edu address
Root Access
Ask help@cs to add <you>[email protected] to ~root/.klogin.local
Kerberos .mail instance
telnet jeeves; kerberos create <you>.mail
Use this in mail clients
Do Today – Part 3
Local Passwords
Login as root, use passwd <you>
Login as <you>/local or <you>:local
Do this for you AND for root
Create private directory with appropriate permissions mkdir private
fs sa private –clear <you> all
Conclusion
http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~mpa/ic08
http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~help