how to build an embedded asterisk ip-pbx
DESCRIPTION
How to Build an Embedded Asterisk IP-PBX. Topics. IP-PBX and Asterisk Why Embedded? IP PBX Hardware 101 Free Telephony Project and Open Hardware Status The Future Opportunities. IP-PBX and Asterisk. A open source PABX (PBX) that can route calls between the PSTN and VOIP - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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How to Build an Embedded Asterisk IP-PBX
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Topics
• IP-PBX and Asterisk
• Why Embedded?
• IP PBX Hardware 101
• Free Telephony Project and Open Hardware
• Status
• The Future
• Opportunities
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IP-PBX and Asterisk
• A open source PABX (PBX) that can route calls between the PSTN and VOIP
• Usual FOSS advantages – low cost and open• VOIP experiencing massive growth• Primary sponser Digium but many
contributors• Hence alternatives such as FreeSwitch,
CallWeaver, etc, etc
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Introduction
• Typical installation x86 PC plus PCI card to connect to the telephone lines/telephones.
• Paradigm shift away from x86/PCI cards
• History: Embedded = IP-only and no DSP (Echo cancellation and codecs not possible)
• Analog Devices Blackfin Processor has challenged this paradigm!
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Why Embedded
• Small size (DSL router)
• Low power < 5W (battery, solar)!
• No moving parts (fans or disks)
• Quiet
• Reliability (parts count, connectors)
• Low cost (a few hundred $ street)
• Just plain cool!
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Blackfin Processor
• A powerful DSP (1 GMAC)
• AND runs uClinux
• Breaks the two processor (host/DSP) paradigm
• Low cost ($5 - $15 each)
• Well supported by vendor and community
• Open hardware and software
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IP-PBX Hardware 101
PCI Bridge
FXO Port
x86 CPUDSP
hardware
Asterisk
Ethernet Card
FXS Port
Host PC PCI Card
Device Driver
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IP-PBX Hardware 101
FXO Port
Blackfin CPU
DSP software
Asterisk
Device Driver
FXS Port
Embedded PBX
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IP-PBX Hardware 101
• Many redundant parts removedLower costSmaller sizeLower powerEnhanced reliability
• Don’t need “hardware” DSP – Blackfin CPU is a DSP
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Challenges
• Complex development environment– Cross compiler & tool-chain – Customized kernel and apps
• Learning Curve
• Low memory ~64MB
• uClinux (offset by partial MMU)
• Care and feeding of the cache
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Who is working on Blackfin Asterisk?
• Several individuals and companies working on Blackfin Telephony products.
• Expect to see many embedded Telephony products in the near future
• This presentation focuses on the activities of the Free Telephony Project
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Free Telephony Project Goals
• Build a completely open embedded telephony platform.
• Hardware designs are open.
• Full design and manufacture information available for download. Schematics, PCB layouts, HDL code, unit tests
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Motivation
• Various motivations across the people and companies involved in the project.
• Obvious business potential in a $200 IP-PBX with multiple ports.
• Enabler for service models.
• My motivation is Social & Geeky rather than Business.
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Motivation
• I like building stuff• Would like to use my hardware/DSP skills
to improve the world a little• Open software like Linux and Asterisk has
been a great thing for the World.• Craig Newmark (Craigslist) : Nerd values
“Get yourself comfortable, then do something fun to change the world a little”
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Open Hardware
• The designs are free as in speech
• A community exists that are sharing designs and helping each other.
• Build better hardware faster using open development models.
• Opportunities for small business.
• It’s working!
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Hardware Projects (so far)
• BlackfinOne DSP Motherboard (mature)
• 4-8 port FXO/FXS Analog (mature)
• E1/T1(prototype hardware and driver)
• BRI-ISDN (stalled)
• IP04 $100 IP-PBX (mature)
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How to Hack Telephony Hardware in Linux
• Schematic Entry (gschem)
• PCB Design (PCB)
• Verilog HDL (Icarus)
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Port Asterisk to Blackfin
(gcc)
Design Schematics (gschem)
Design PCBs (PCB)
Assemble Prototype Hardware
Debug and Test Hardware
Write Verilog Code (Icarus)
Integrate and Test system
Design Process Flow
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gschem Schematic Entry
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Analog Hardware Example
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Hardware Hacking is Getting Easier!!
• Build sophisticated surface mount circuits.• Order strange parts on-line e.g. Digikey• Prototype PCB costs dropping• Stereo Microscope + soldering tools < $500• Open hardware designs• Free CAD tools• Help from on-line communities
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Status
Port Asterisk to Blackfin
Develop DSP Motherboard
Develop Analog Hardware
Production Engineering
Volume Manufacture
IP04Prototypes
Port driver to Blackfin
Sep 2005 Sep 2006 Jan 2007
May 2007
Q3 2007
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Performance
• 500 MIPs Available (1 GMACs)G729A (8 MIPs)Speex (15-30 MIPs)
• Simultaneous SIP Calls (approx 50)
• Echo CanDepends on tail12-24 ports depending on tail
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Opportunities
• Business
• Individuals
• End Users
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Opportunities for Business
• Massive Differentiation
• Cost/Margin advantages
• New products we haven’t even thought of:Asterisk ATA or faxAsterisk in an very smart IP-phoneT1 IP-PBX in an ATA form factor for $200?
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Opportunities for Individuals
• It’s open. All of it. Hardware and software. Even the CAD tools!
• Exciting project in early stages
• Chance to really contribute
• It’s very different from x86/PCI
• Helped needed: Hardware, software, Asterisk config
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Opportunities for End Users
• Lower end user cost – a $300 (street) 4-port IP-PBX in 2008?
• IP-PBX functionality in the home rather than current ATA.
• Bring telephony to developing countries.• Small, fan-less lets you reach markets like
SOHO that don’t want a PC for their phone system.
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Getting Started
• Buy a Blackfin STAMP Card ($226)
• Buy a 2 FXO 2 FXS port Analog Starter Kit ($299)
• Start Hacking
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Questions?
For more information
http://rowetel.com/ucasterisk
geda.seul.org
blackfin.uclinux.org