how to assess blood pressure. what is blood pressure? blood pressure is the measurement of the...
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How to Assess Blood Pressure
What is blood pressure?
• Blood pressure is the measurement of the pressure that the blood exerts on the walls of the arteries during the various stages of heart activity.
2 Types of Blood Pressure Measurement
• Systolic: pressure in walls of arteries when the left ventricle is contracting
• Diastolic: pressure when left ventricle is at rest (or between contractions)
How do we record Blood Pressure?
• BP• Systolic/Diastolic
BP Norms:
Category Systolic Diastolic
Normal Blood Pressure
<120 <80
Normal Range 100-120 60-80
Hypertension (high blood pressure)
>140 >90
Hypotension(low blood pressure)
<90 <60
Normal or Abnormal?
• 120/70• 210/100• 100/40• 110/68• 102/60• 140/70• 120/94
Normal range:
Systolic: 100-120 Diastolic: 60-80
Hypertension:Systolic >140 Diastolic >90
Hypotension:Systolic <90 Diastolic <60
Application:
• Read the definitions/info on Hypertension and Hypotension on page 447.
• List 5 causes of hypertension• List 5 causes of hypotension• What is orthostatic hypotension? What are
the S&S?• Why is hypertension often called the “silent
killer”?
5 Causes of Hypertension
• Stress• Anxiety• Obesity• High salt intake• Aging• Kidney disease• Thyroid deficiency• arteriosclerosis
5 Causes of Hypotension
• Heart failure• Dehydration• Severe burns• Depression• Hemorrhage• Shock• Orthostatic hypotension: sudden drop in BP
when pt moves from lying to sitting/standing
Types of Sphygmomanometers
What instruments are needed to measure blood pressure?
Parts of a Sphygmomanometer
How do you read an aneroid gauge?
Let’s Practice!
• Worksheet packet – reading an aneroid and mercury gauge
• How to Assess BP video• Korotkoff sounds• Assessing BP sounds/practice
Video 2 Answers:
• 1. 118/72
• 2. 124/0
• 3. 132/86
Let’s Practice!
Must maintain very quiet environment to make proper assessment.NO horseplay!Do not overinflate cuff.Must remove jackets/hoodies.Must roll up sleeve to expose arm.
BP Assessment
• Expose arm• Identify antecubital space• Identify brachial artery• Place cuff approx. 1 inch above brachial artery• Inflate cuff to approx. 160mm Hg• Open bulb valve SLOWLY!• 1st sound: systolic• Last sound: diastolic