•How many chromosomes would be in gamete cells?

21

•How many chromosomes would be in muscle cells? 42

•How many chromosomes would be in sperm cells? 21

•Is this a male or female rat? male

Warm Up1. The two sister chromatids have identical

_______________.2. Drosophila (fruit fly) has 4 pairs of

chromosomes.a. How many total chromosomes do their

somatic cells have?b. How many total chromosomes do their

gametes have?

Secret Life of DNA Video

Complete the worksheet as you watch the video.

Worksheet will be collected at the end of the video.

60 minute 30 minute

Warm Up 1.) How are proteins made (relationship between DNA and a ribosome)?

2.) The Agrodiaetus Butterfly has 268 total chromosomes. How many chromosomes do their gametes have?

3.) What part of your body is not made of cells and therefore does not contain DNA?

Amoeba Sisters: Cell Cycle & Cancer

Cell Cycle & Cancer Video

Mitosis Introduction: Mitosis Foldable

6 Door Foldable Instructions:

Step 1:Fold paper in half “hamburger” style.

Step 2:Fold in top and bottoms sides in to meet at the folded line.

Step 3:Cut 2 slits in the top flap to create 3 doors.Cut 2 slits in the bottom flap to create 3 doors.You should have 6 total doors.

Interphase Mitosis Phase 1: Prophase Mitosis Phase 2: Metaphase

Mitosis Phase 3: Anaphase

Mitosis Phase 4: Telophase

Cytokinesis

Division into two daughter cells is completed. Thecells that lack a cell wall pinch in two. Cells with acell wall form a cell plate to separate the two newcells.

Before Mitosis begins, chromosomes are copied. Each chromosome is then two chromatids.

A nuclear membrane forms around each set ofchromosomes, and the chromosomes unwind. Mitosis is complete.

Mitosis begins. The nuclear membrane dissolves.Chromosomes condense into rod-like structures.

The chromatids separate and move to opposite endsof the cell.

The chromosomes line up along the equator of thecell. Homologous chromosomes pair up.

Cycle Cycle Phase Names: Front of Flap pg 422-523

Cycle Cycle Phase Descriptions: Inside Flap

Cycle Cycle Phase Pictures: Bottom

Warm Up: Have out foldable

1.What are the 6 phases of the cell cycle?

2.A horse had 64 chromosomes. A donkey has 62 chromosomes. How many chromosomes will the mule have as a result of this union?

3.What phase does this picture represent?

BEST Mitosis song EVER!

*Note: Prometaphase is sometimes included as an extra step between prophase and metaphase.

Cell Cycle Notes•Cell Cycle is the pattern of division & growth of a cell.

•It involves the copy & distribution of the genome into 2 daughter cells.

•Genome is a cell’s total hereditary information or the entire genetic code.

•It takes place inside the somatic cells of humans with the exception of red blood cells & certain nerve cells.

3 Functions of Cell CycleThe cell cycle serves 3 main functions…

1. Reproduction

•In single‐celled organisms, 2 separate individual organisms are the result of the cell cycle.

2. Growth & Development

• In multicellular organisms, rapid copying of cells via the cell cycle add to the growing organism.

3. Tissue & renewal

• In multicellular organisms that have reached maximum growth, the cell cycle renews & replaces older cells to maintain and organism’s size & function.

Mitosis Flipbook Notes (Extra Practice)

Use the class copy to fill in the blanks and copy the pictures onto your Cell Cycle notes

SLAP THE PHASE!-The Room will be divided into 2 teams.-One person from each team will come up to the board.- The teacher will read out a description of ONE phase from the cell cycle.-Whoever slaps the correct phase first- wins a point for their team! -Team members are allowed to help- but everyone will be listening, so be careful!

SLAP THE PHASE

ANAPHASE

TELOPHASE

INTERPHASE

METAPHASE

PROPHASE

CYTOKINESIS

Team 1 points:Team 2 points:

Warm Up

Riddle Time! (Be prepared to share!)Write a riddle about one of the phases of the cell cycle.

*Example:I am the phase where the chromosomes form.

The nuclear membrane disappears.Who am I?

Amoeba Sisters: Mitosis

Mitosis VideoMitosis Worksheet

Practice Worksheet Packet

Due at the end of the period…..OR

You must finish for HOMEWORK!

Strawberry DNA Lab

Warm up: Please Sit at a lab

station and start reading over the

instructions!

GMO Warm UpGMOs are a hot topic in the news. GMO stands for “genetically modified organism”. 80% of the American population believes there should be labels for GMOs on food. Do you agree that GMOs are bad for your health and should therefore be labeled? Why or why not?

(Remember- most Americans in this survey know just as much about GMOs as you do!)

Pros and Cons of GMOs

Pros:● More food: These plants can help farmers boost

their yield by making crops that can live through a drought or the cold and resist disease. Backers say GM products will help us feed the extra 2 billion people that will fill the planet by 2050.

● Less stress on the environment: Supporters say using science to make the changes is better for the planet than older farming methods. Crops built to resist pests lower farmers’ need for toxic chemical pesticides.

● Better products: Scientists can create crops that contain vital nutrients. Swiss researchers created a strain of “golden” rice with high amounts of beta-carotene. Monsanto produced soybeans with lots of heart-healthy omega-3 fatty acids. Other crops, like papaya and cassava, can be made to withstand disease.

Cons:● The rise of superweeds: Crops built to

withstand herbicides could breed with each other and transfer their genes to weeds. These “superweeds” would also beat the herbicides.

● Health problems: The process often mixes or adds proteins that don’t exist in the original plant. GMO foes fear these will create new allergic reactions.

● "Frankenfood" fears: The long-term effects of adding new genes to common crops are still unclear. While the industry and health leaders cite hundreds of studies to support its safety, not to mention 20 years of animal tested data, Some experts say there are studies that show bad effects on animals.

GMO Warm Up:

Would you change your original answer?

How can public opinion be influenced on a difficult scientific breakthrough? (family, friends, etc.)

Warm Up:

1. What is cancer?

2. Do you have any experiences with cancer?

3. What do you think are some risk factors (causes) of cancer?

What is Cancer?

Cancer Risk Factors:

Cancer Risk Factors:

What is Cancer?

Faces of Cancer

Each group of 3-4 gets one folder with 4 profiles in it. Each person chooses ONE profile to read.Read your profile individually, then answer worksheet questions as a group.

Warm Up: Nature vs. NurtureHaving a family history of cancer is NATURE- you are born with it and cannot change it. Risk factors (causes of cancer) is NURTURE- it is in your environment. 1. Name 3 more things that are in your “nature.”

(Things you are born with and cannot change.)

2. Name 3 things that have influenced who you are - “Nurture”

Bill Nye “Genetic Diversity”

Downloaded Video from Vimeo.Worksheet available

Warm UP:

1. What are two organisms that do asexual reproduction?

2. If asexual reproduction is easy and happens quickly, why do some organisms reproduce sexually?

•Traits can be passed from generation to generation through 2 primary methods …•> Asexual reproduction•> Sexual reproduction•Asexual reproduction is the process by which an organism creates a genetically similar or identical copy of itself without a contribution of genetic material from another individual. The subdivision of a cell into two separate cells.

Asexual Vs. Sexual Reproduction Notes:

3 Types of asexual reproduction

1. Binary Fission2. Viruses3. Budding

Asexual Reproduction

– Binary fission is the subdivision of a cell into two separate cells.Bacteria divide asexually via binary fission.

1. Binary Fission

2. Viruses

Viruses take control of host cells to produce more viruses.

3. Budding:3. Hydras and yeasts are able to reproduce by budding.• Budding is a form of asexual reproduction in which a new organism grows on another one.• The new organism remains attached as it grows, separating from the parent organism only when it is mature.

• Since the reproduction is asexual, the newly created organism is a clone and is genetically identical to the parent organism.

Sexual Reproduction

•When a single specialized cell from a female merges with a specialized cell from a male.•Fertilization is a type of sexual reproduction where the is a fusion of male (sperm) and female (egg) sex cells.•The fertilized egg cell, carrying genetic information from each parent, multiplies to form the complete organism.

Sexual Reproduction (continued)

•In organisms that have two sexes, typically half of the genes come from each parent (this is the case for humans).•Sexual reproduction allows organisms to have diverse genes, and therefore can survive different diseases.

Warm Up:

1. What are some pros and cons for asexual reproduction?

2. What are some pros and cons for sexual reproduction?

Amoeba Sisters: Meiosis

Meiosis VideoMeiosis Worksheet

Investigating Reproductive Strategies

What are the advantages and disadvantages of sexual and asexual reproduction? Is one “better” than the other? You are an Ecologist who wants to find out. To answer these questions you decide to compare 5 aspects of organisms that reproduce sexually with organisms that reproduce asexually. You will begin your study by looking at two different organisms. Once your comparisons have been made, you will share your information with all of the other ecologists in your class to draw general conclusions about each method of reproduction.

Warm Up

1. From yesterdays reading, what are some of the ways plants and animals reproduce?

2. Which was the most interesting to you? Why?