how do you know what the right logic is?fitelson.org/bridges2/priest.pdf · 2015. 9. 20. · graham...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: How Do You Know What the Right Logic Is?fitelson.org/bridges2/priest.pdf · 2015. 9. 20. · Graham Priest Some Crucial Distinctions A Little History A Model for Theory-Choice Comments](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060919/60ab96922ef9033f692a815b/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
How Do YouKnow Whatthe RightLogic Is?
Graham Priest
Some CrucialDistinctions
A LittleHistory
A Model forTheory-Choice
Comments onthe Model
A Problem forthe Model?
Conclusion
How Do You Know What the Right Logic Is?
Graham Priest
September 17, 2015
![Page 2: How Do You Know What the Right Logic Is?fitelson.org/bridges2/priest.pdf · 2015. 9. 20. · Graham Priest Some Crucial Distinctions A Little History A Model for Theory-Choice Comments](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060919/60ab96922ef9033f692a815b/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
How Do YouKnow Whatthe RightLogic Is?
Graham Priest
Some CrucialDistinctions
A LittleHistory
A Model forTheory-Choice
Comments onthe Model
A Problem forthe Model?
Conclusion
Introduction
1 Some Crucial Distinctions
2 A Little History
3 A Model for Theory-Choice
4 Comments on the Model
5 A Problem for the Model?
6 Conclusion
![Page 3: How Do You Know What the Right Logic Is?fitelson.org/bridges2/priest.pdf · 2015. 9. 20. · Graham Priest Some Crucial Distinctions A Little History A Model for Theory-Choice Comments](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060919/60ab96922ef9033f692a815b/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
How Do YouKnow Whatthe RightLogic Is?
Graham Priest
Some CrucialDistinctions
A LittleHistory
A Model forTheory-Choice
Comments onthe Model
A Problem forthe Model?
Conclusion
1 Some Crucial Distinctions
![Page 4: How Do You Know What the Right Logic Is?fitelson.org/bridges2/priest.pdf · 2015. 9. 20. · Graham Priest Some Crucial Distinctions A Little History A Model for Theory-Choice Comments](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060919/60ab96922ef9033f692a815b/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
How Do YouKnow Whatthe RightLogic Is?
Graham Priest
Some CrucialDistinctions
A LittleHistory
A Model forTheory-Choice
Comments onthe Model
A Problem forthe Model?
Conclusion
Pure and Applied
Geometry
Logic
![Page 5: How Do You Know What the Right Logic Is?fitelson.org/bridges2/priest.pdf · 2015. 9. 20. · Graham Priest Some Crucial Distinctions A Little History A Model for Theory-Choice Comments](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060919/60ab96922ef9033f692a815b/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
How Do YouKnow Whatthe RightLogic Is?
Graham Priest
Some CrucialDistinctions
A LittleHistory
A Model forTheory-Choice
Comments onthe Model
A Problem forthe Model?
Conclusion
Pure and Applied
Geometry
Logic
![Page 6: How Do You Know What the Right Logic Is?fitelson.org/bridges2/priest.pdf · 2015. 9. 20. · Graham Priest Some Crucial Distinctions A Little History A Model for Theory-Choice Comments](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060919/60ab96922ef9033f692a815b/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
How Do YouKnow Whatthe RightLogic Is?
Graham Priest
Some CrucialDistinctions
A LittleHistory
A Model forTheory-Choice
Comments onthe Model
A Problem forthe Model?
Conclusion
2 A Little History
![Page 7: How Do You Know What the Right Logic Is?fitelson.org/bridges2/priest.pdf · 2015. 9. 20. · Graham Priest Some Crucial Distinctions A Little History A Model for Theory-Choice Comments](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060919/60ab96922ef9033f692a815b/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
How Do YouKnow Whatthe RightLogic Is?
Graham Priest
Some CrucialDistinctions
A LittleHistory
A Model forTheory-Choice
Comments onthe Model
A Problem forthe Model?
Conclusion
Darapti
All As are BsAll As are C s
So:Some Bs are C s
![Page 8: How Do You Know What the Right Logic Is?fitelson.org/bridges2/priest.pdf · 2015. 9. 20. · Graham Priest Some Crucial Distinctions A Little History A Model for Theory-Choice Comments](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060919/60ab96922ef9033f692a815b/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
How Do YouKnow Whatthe RightLogic Is?
Graham Priest
Some CrucialDistinctions
A LittleHistory
A Model forTheory-Choice
Comments onthe Model
A Problem forthe Model?
Conclusion
Explosion
No As are BsSome Bs are As
So:All As are As
![Page 9: How Do You Know What the Right Logic Is?fitelson.org/bridges2/priest.pdf · 2015. 9. 20. · Graham Priest Some Crucial Distinctions A Little History A Model for Theory-Choice Comments](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060919/60ab96922ef9033f692a815b/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
How Do YouKnow Whatthe RightLogic Is?
Graham Priest
Some CrucialDistinctions
A LittleHistory
A Model forTheory-Choice
Comments onthe Model
A Problem forthe Model?
Conclusion
3 A Model of Theory Choice
![Page 10: How Do You Know What the Right Logic Is?fitelson.org/bridges2/priest.pdf · 2015. 9. 20. · Graham Priest Some Crucial Distinctions A Little History A Model for Theory-Choice Comments](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060919/60ab96922ef9033f692a815b/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
How Do YouKnow Whatthe RightLogic Is?
Graham Priest
Some CrucialDistinctions
A LittleHistory
A Model forTheory-Choice
Comments onthe Model
A Problem forthe Model?
Conclusion
Criteria of Goodness
adequacy to the data
simplicity
consistency
power
avoidance of ad hoc elements
![Page 11: How Do You Know What the Right Logic Is?fitelson.org/bridges2/priest.pdf · 2015. 9. 20. · Graham Priest Some Crucial Distinctions A Little History A Model for Theory-Choice Comments](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060919/60ab96922ef9033f692a815b/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
How Do YouKnow Whatthe RightLogic Is?
Graham Priest
Some CrucialDistinctions
A LittleHistory
A Model forTheory-Choice
Comments onthe Model
A Problem forthe Model?
Conclusion
A Formal Model; Components
Criteria: {c1, ..., cn}.Measuring scale: [−10,+10] ⊆ Z.Measure function: µc
for any theory, T , µc(T ) ∈ [−10,+10].
Weights: wc
for any criterion, c , wc ∈ [−10,+10].
![Page 12: How Do You Know What the Right Logic Is?fitelson.org/bridges2/priest.pdf · 2015. 9. 20. · Graham Priest Some Crucial Distinctions A Little History A Model for Theory-Choice Comments](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060919/60ab96922ef9033f692a815b/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
How Do YouKnow Whatthe RightLogic Is?
Graham Priest
Some CrucialDistinctions
A LittleHistory
A Model forTheory-Choice
Comments onthe Model
A Problem forthe Model?
Conclusion
A Formal Model. Definitions
Rationality index: ρ
ρ(T ) = wc1µc1(T ) + ...+ wcnµcn(T )
If the theories on the table are T1, ..., Tk , the rationallypreferable one is that with the highest rationality index.
![Page 13: How Do You Know What the Right Logic Is?fitelson.org/bridges2/priest.pdf · 2015. 9. 20. · Graham Priest Some Crucial Distinctions A Little History A Model for Theory-Choice Comments](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060919/60ab96922ef9033f692a815b/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
How Do YouKnow Whatthe RightLogic Is?
Graham Priest
Some CrucialDistinctions
A LittleHistory
A Model forTheory-Choice
Comments onthe Model
A Problem forthe Model?
Conclusion
A Formal Model. Definitions
Rationality index: ρ
ρ(T ) = wc1µc1(T ) + ...+ wcnµcn(T )
If the theories on the table are T1, ..., Tk , the rationallypreferable one is that with the highest rationality index.
![Page 14: How Do You Know What the Right Logic Is?fitelson.org/bridges2/priest.pdf · 2015. 9. 20. · Graham Priest Some Crucial Distinctions A Little History A Model for Theory-Choice Comments](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060919/60ab96922ef9033f692a815b/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
How Do YouKnow Whatthe RightLogic Is?
Graham Priest
Some CrucialDistinctions
A LittleHistory
A Model forTheory-Choice
Comments onthe Model
A Problem forthe Model?
Conclusion
An Example
From traditional logic to classical logic
![Page 15: How Do You Know What the Right Logic Is?fitelson.org/bridges2/priest.pdf · 2015. 9. 20. · Graham Priest Some Crucial Distinctions A Little History A Model for Theory-Choice Comments](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060919/60ab96922ef9033f692a815b/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
How Do YouKnow Whatthe RightLogic Is?
Graham Priest
Some CrucialDistinctions
A LittleHistory
A Model forTheory-Choice
Comments onthe Model
A Problem forthe Model?
Conclusion
4 Comments on the Model
![Page 16: How Do You Know What the Right Logic Is?fitelson.org/bridges2/priest.pdf · 2015. 9. 20. · Graham Priest Some Crucial Distinctions A Little History A Model for Theory-Choice Comments](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060919/60ab96922ef9033f692a815b/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
How Do YouKnow Whatthe RightLogic Is?
Graham Priest
Some CrucialDistinctions
A LittleHistory
A Model forTheory-Choice
Comments onthe Model
A Problem forthe Model?
Conclusion
Comments
Rational reconstruction
Fallibilism
Situatedness
Data
![Page 17: How Do You Know What the Right Logic Is?fitelson.org/bridges2/priest.pdf · 2015. 9. 20. · Graham Priest Some Crucial Distinctions A Little History A Model for Theory-Choice Comments](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060919/60ab96922ef9033f692a815b/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
How Do YouKnow Whatthe RightLogic Is?
Graham Priest
Some CrucialDistinctions
A LittleHistory
A Model forTheory-Choice
Comments onthe Model
A Problem forthe Model?
Conclusion
Comments
Rational reconstruction
Fallibilism
Situatedness
Data
![Page 18: How Do You Know What the Right Logic Is?fitelson.org/bridges2/priest.pdf · 2015. 9. 20. · Graham Priest Some Crucial Distinctions A Little History A Model for Theory-Choice Comments](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060919/60ab96922ef9033f692a815b/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
How Do YouKnow Whatthe RightLogic Is?
Graham Priest
Some CrucialDistinctions
A LittleHistory
A Model forTheory-Choice
Comments onthe Model
A Problem forthe Model?
Conclusion
Comments
Rational reconstruction
Fallibilism
Situatedness
Data
![Page 19: How Do You Know What the Right Logic Is?fitelson.org/bridges2/priest.pdf · 2015. 9. 20. · Graham Priest Some Crucial Distinctions A Little History A Model for Theory-Choice Comments](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060919/60ab96922ef9033f692a815b/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
How Do YouKnow Whatthe RightLogic Is?
Graham Priest
Some CrucialDistinctions
A LittleHistory
A Model forTheory-Choice
Comments onthe Model
A Problem forthe Model?
Conclusion
Comments
Rational reconstruction
Fallibilism
Situatedness
Data
![Page 20: How Do You Know What the Right Logic Is?fitelson.org/bridges2/priest.pdf · 2015. 9. 20. · Graham Priest Some Crucial Distinctions A Little History A Model for Theory-Choice Comments](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060919/60ab96922ef9033f692a815b/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
How Do YouKnow Whatthe RightLogic Is?
Graham Priest
Some CrucialDistinctions
A LittleHistory
A Model forTheory-Choice
Comments onthe Model
A Problem forthe Model?
Conclusion
Data
John is in Rome.If John is in Rome he is in Italy.
John is in Italy.
John is either in Rome or in Florence.If John is in Rome he is in Italy.If John is in Florence he is in Italy.
John is in Italy.
![Page 21: How Do You Know What the Right Logic Is?fitelson.org/bridges2/priest.pdf · 2015. 9. 20. · Graham Priest Some Crucial Distinctions A Little History A Model for Theory-Choice Comments](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060919/60ab96922ef9033f692a815b/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
How Do YouKnow Whatthe RightLogic Is?
Graham Priest
Some CrucialDistinctions
A LittleHistory
A Model forTheory-Choice
Comments onthe Model
A Problem forthe Model?
Conclusion
Intuitively Invalid Inferences
John is either in Rome or in Florence.John is in Rome.
If John is in Rome he is in Italy.John is not in Rome.John is not in Italy.
![Page 22: How Do You Know What the Right Logic Is?fitelson.org/bridges2/priest.pdf · 2015. 9. 20. · Graham Priest Some Crucial Distinctions A Little History A Model for Theory-Choice Comments](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060919/60ab96922ef9033f692a815b/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
How Do YouKnow Whatthe RightLogic Is?
Graham Priest
Some CrucialDistinctions
A LittleHistory
A Model forTheory-Choice
Comments onthe Model
A Problem forthe Model?
Conclusion
Another Intuitively Valid Inference
Mary is taller than John.John is taller than Betty.
Mary is taller than Betty.
For all people, x , y , and z , if x is taller than y and y istaller than z , then x is taller than z .
![Page 23: How Do You Know What the Right Logic Is?fitelson.org/bridges2/priest.pdf · 2015. 9. 20. · Graham Priest Some Crucial Distinctions A Little History A Model for Theory-Choice Comments](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060919/60ab96922ef9033f692a815b/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
How Do YouKnow Whatthe RightLogic Is?
Graham Priest
Some CrucialDistinctions
A LittleHistory
A Model forTheory-Choice
Comments onthe Model
A Problem forthe Model?
Conclusion
Another Intuitively Valid Inference
Mary is taller than John.John is taller than Betty.
Mary is taller than Betty.
For all people, x , y , and z , if x is taller than y and y istaller than z , then x is taller than z .
![Page 24: How Do You Know What the Right Logic Is?fitelson.org/bridges2/priest.pdf · 2015. 9. 20. · Graham Priest Some Crucial Distinctions A Little History A Model for Theory-Choice Comments](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060919/60ab96922ef9033f692a815b/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
How Do YouKnow Whatthe RightLogic Is?
Graham Priest
Some CrucialDistinctions
A LittleHistory
A Model forTheory-Choice
Comments onthe Model
A Problem forthe Model?
Conclusion
5 A Problem for the Model?
![Page 25: How Do You Know What the Right Logic Is?fitelson.org/bridges2/priest.pdf · 2015. 9. 20. · Graham Priest Some Crucial Distinctions A Little History A Model for Theory-Choice Comments](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060919/60ab96922ef9033f692a815b/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
How Do YouKnow Whatthe RightLogic Is?
Graham Priest
Some CrucialDistinctions
A LittleHistory
A Model forTheory-Choice
Comments onthe Model
A Problem forthe Model?
Conclusion
A Problem?
Logic is required to revise logic
How much logic?
What can go wrong?
![Page 26: How Do You Know What the Right Logic Is?fitelson.org/bridges2/priest.pdf · 2015. 9. 20. · Graham Priest Some Crucial Distinctions A Little History A Model for Theory-Choice Comments](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060919/60ab96922ef9033f692a815b/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
How Do YouKnow Whatthe RightLogic Is?
Graham Priest
Some CrucialDistinctions
A LittleHistory
A Model forTheory-Choice
Comments onthe Model
A Problem forthe Model?
Conclusion
A Problem?
Logic is required to revise logic
How much logic?
What can go wrong?
![Page 27: How Do You Know What the Right Logic Is?fitelson.org/bridges2/priest.pdf · 2015. 9. 20. · Graham Priest Some Crucial Distinctions A Little History A Model for Theory-Choice Comments](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060919/60ab96922ef9033f692a815b/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
How Do YouKnow Whatthe RightLogic Is?
Graham Priest
Some CrucialDistinctions
A LittleHistory
A Model forTheory-Choice
Comments onthe Model
A Problem forthe Model?
Conclusion
A Problem?
Logic is required to revise logic
How much logic?
What can go wrong?
![Page 28: How Do You Know What the Right Logic Is?fitelson.org/bridges2/priest.pdf · 2015. 9. 20. · Graham Priest Some Crucial Distinctions A Little History A Model for Theory-Choice Comments](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060919/60ab96922ef9033f692a815b/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
How Do YouKnow Whatthe RightLogic Is?
Graham Priest
Some CrucialDistinctions
A LittleHistory
A Model forTheory-Choice
Comments onthe Model
A Problem forthe Model?
Conclusion
Conclusion
How do you know what the right epistemology oflogic is?
![Page 29: How Do You Know What the Right Logic Is?fitelson.org/bridges2/priest.pdf · 2015. 9. 20. · Graham Priest Some Crucial Distinctions A Little History A Model for Theory-Choice Comments](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060919/60ab96922ef9033f692a815b/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
How Do YouKnow Whatthe RightLogic Is?
Graham Priest
Some CrucialDistinctions
A LittleHistory
A Model forTheory-Choice
Comments onthe Model
A Problem forthe Model?
Conclusion
Conclusion
How do you know what the right epistemology oflogic is?