How Do Our Senses Help Us?

Think About It….

How would your life be different if you couldn’t hear what was going on around you?

Do you know anyone that is deaf? How is their life different (if at all) from yours?

The EarT

Pinna

Ear Canal

Ear Drum

Middle Ear Bones

Cochlea

Basilar Membrane

Semiconductor Canals

Oval Window

The Outer Ear

1. Pinna

2. Auditory Canal

3. Eardrum– Tympanic

Membrane

1

2

3

The Middle Ear

1. Bones of the Middle Ear– Hammer– Anvil– Stirrup

2. Oval Window

1

2

The Inner Ear

1. Semicircular Canals

2. Basilar Membrane

3. Cochlea

4. Auditory Nerve

14

2 and 3

How We Hear

•Sound waves move through the Auditory canal

•Sound waves cause the Tympanic membrane (theEardrum) to vibrate

•Vibrations from the ear drum cause the Middle Ear Bones to vibrate

•The middle bones cause the Cochlea to vibrate

•Inside the Cochlea is the Basilar Membrane which codes vibrations into different nerve impulses

•Nerve impulse are sent to the brain via the Auditory Nerve

Match the Parts of the Ear

• Pinna• Cochlea• Middle Ear Bones• Basilar Membrane• Auditory Canal• Auditory Nerve• Eardrum• Oval Window

• Outer Ear

• Middle Ear

• Inner Ear

Parts of the Ear

Outer Ear

Pinna

Auditory Canal

Eardrum

Middle Ear

Middle Ear Bones

Oval Window

Inner Ear

Cochlea

Basilar Membrane

Auditory Nerve

Name the Parts of the Ear

1

23 4

5

6

78

Name the Parts of the Ear

Pinna

CanalEardrum Oval Window

Cochlea

Auditory Nerve

Semiconductor CanalsMiddle Ear Bones

Hearing Without Awareness

Can you learn new information in your sleep?

Organizing the Auditory World

• Unless we are paying attention no new learning will be retained

• Similarity

• Good Continuation

• Categorical Perception

Smell: A Nose for News?

Nose Facts

• Women are better than men at detecting many odors (Cain, 1982)

• Younger adults are better at detecting odors than children or middle adults (Cain & Gent, 1991)

The Olfactory System

•One of the oldest and parts of the brain

•Olfactory information travels to the brain's cortex, where conscious thought occurs.

•Creates the sensation of flavor.

Think About It…

Odors affect our thoughts, emotions and behavior. An example of this might be feeling sad when you unexpectedly smell an old boyfriend’s aftershave or girlfriend’s perfume. What smells trigger memories or emotional responses from you?

Taste: The Mouth Has It

Taste Buds

Taste Buds

• Microscopic structures

• Located on tongue, back of throat, and cheeks

• Taste buds die and are replace every 10 days

• All tastes are a combination of four tastes:-Sweet -Sour

-Salty -Bitter

Touch

Touch

• The skin is the body’s largest organ

• Receptors in the skin send information to the brain

• Skin protects us from germs

• Helps us feel pain when we are injured

Putting it all together..

• Now you know the five senses and what they can do.

• If you had to choose one sense to live without, which one would it be and why?