• How did World War II start? Mention at least 3 events that took place that set up World War II.

• How might World War II have been prevented (or at least shortened)?

Take out A3

for a stamp

What will we learn today?11.7.2 Explain the US and Allied wartime strategy, including major battles.11.7.1 Examine the origins of American involvement in the war.11.7.4 Roosevelt's foreign policy (Four Freedom’s Speech)11.7.3 Identify the roles and sacrifices of American soldiers.11.7.6 Major developments of aviation, weaponry, communication, etc.11.7.5 The response of the Roosevelt administration to the Holocaust.

• Explain how President Roosevelt aided Explain how President Roosevelt aided Great Britain despite neutrality.Great Britain despite neutrality.

• Analyze the desire of isolationists to keep Analyze the desire of isolationists to keep the United States out of the war.the United States out of the war.

• Discuss how the US grew more involved Discuss how the US grew more involved in the fringes of World War II.in the fringes of World War II.

• Describe how Japan’s attack on Pearl Describe how Japan’s attack on Pearl Harbor brought the US into war.Harbor brought the US into war.

• In what ways did Roosevelt In what ways did Roosevelt plan and assist Britain in plan and assist Britain in World War II while World War II while maintaining that America was maintaining that America was neutral?neutral?

• Although the US tried to remain Although the US tried to remain neutral, Roosevelt pushed through neutral, Roosevelt pushed through the Lend-Lease Act and made the Lend-Lease Act and made plans to assist Great Britain and plans to assist Great Britain and China. Japan responded with an China. Japan responded with an attack on Pearl Harbor, bringing attack on Pearl Harbor, bringing the US into the war.the US into the war.

• Two days after Britain and France declared war against Germany, President Roosevelt declared the United States neutral.

• The Neutrality Act of 1939 allowed warring countries to buy weapons from the United States as long as they paid cash and carried the arms away on their own ships.

• President Roosevelt used a loophole in the Neutrality Act of 1939 and sent 50 old American destroyers to Britain in exchange for the right to build American bases on British-controlled islands

• After the German invasion of France and the rescue of Allied forces at Dunkirk, American public opinion changed to favor limited aid to the Allies.

• The America First Committee opposed any American intervention or aid to the Allies.

• President Roosevelt ran for an unprecedented third term as president in the election of 1940. Both Roosevelt and the Republican candidate, Wendell Willkie, said they would keep the United States neutral but assist the Allied forces. Roosevelt won by a large margin.

• In 1940 Roosevelt is re-elected president for a 3rd term

• Roosevelt’s primary goal was to help Britain and its allies defeat Germany.

1. Freedom of speech1. Freedom of speech

2. Freedom of religion2. Freedom of religion

3. Freedom from want3. Freedom from want

4. Freedom from fear4. Freedom from fear

The Four Freedoms Speech:The Four Freedoms Speech:

• IIn his State of the Union address of January n his State of the Union address of January 1941, Roosevelt proposed an ambitious "lend-1941, Roosevelt proposed an ambitious "lend-lease" program whereby the United States would lease" program whereby the United States would become the arsenal of democracy by bolstering become the arsenal of democracy by bolstering Britain against the Third Reich:Britain against the Third Reich:

"We Americans are vitally concerned in your defense of freedom. We are putting forth our energies, our resources and our organizing powers to give you the strength to regain and maintain a free world. We shall send you in ever-increasing numbers, ships, planes, tanks, guns. That is our purpose and our pledge."

• Why would America ask other countries to come and pick up weapons in order to purchase?

• What event changed American minds in favor of the supporting the Allies?

• What was Roosevelt's lie during reelection?

• Name two countries at this time who were in violation of providing Roosevelt's Four Freedoms.

• What is Roosevelt talking about in this quote?

Norman RockwellNorman Rockwell

Norman RockwellNorman Rockwell

Rockwell raised Rockwell raised

$130,000,000 $130,000,000

for war bondsfor war bonds

• FDR proposed the Lend-Lease Act- the United States could lend or lease arms to any country considered “vital to the defense of the United States.”

• Passed by Congress

• In June 1941, in

violation of the Nazi-

Soviet Pact, Hitler

began a massive

invasion of the Soviet

Union.

• FDR developed the hemispheric defense zone, which declared the western 1/2 of the Atlantic as part of the Western Hemisphere and therefore neutral.

• This allowed Roosevelt to order the U.S. Navy to patrol the western Atlantic Ocean and reveal the location of German submarines to the British.

•In August 1941, President Roosevelt and Prime Minister Winston Churchill agreed to the Atlantic Charter.

• postwar world of democracy• nonaggression • free trade• economic advancement• freedom of the seas.

• After a German U-boat fired on a American destroyer • American ships to follow a “shoot-on-sight” policy toward

German submarines. • Germans torpedoed and sank the American destroyer Reuben

James in the North Atlantic.

• Japan’s attempt to create an empire is conflicting with the U.S. goal of maintaining an open trade policy in Asia

• By July 1941, Japanese aircraft posed a direct threat to the British Empire.

• US responded by freezing all Japanese assets in the US and reducing the amount of oil and steel shipped to Japan.

• The Japanese decided to attack resource-rich British and Dutch colonies in Southeast Asia, seize the Philippines, and attack Pearl Harbor.

• Japan attacked Pearl Harbor on December 7, Japan attacked Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941, sinking or damaging 21 ships of the U.S. 1941, sinking or damaging 21 ships of the U.S. Pacific Fleet, killing 2,403 Americans, and Pacific Fleet, killing 2,403 Americans, and injuring hundreds more. The next day, injuring hundreds more. The next day, President Roosevelt asked Congress to declare President Roosevelt asked Congress to declare war on Japan.war on Japan.

• On December 11, 1941, On December 11, 1941, Japan’s allies-Germany Japan’s allies-Germany and Italy-declared war and Italy-declared war on the United States.on the United States.

“Yesterday, Dec. 7, 1941 - A date which will live in infamy – the United States of America was suddenly and deliberately attacked by naval and air forces of the Empire of Japan.”

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-0MDMLsQuTw

Conspiracy?

• What was Stalin's reaction to Hitler's double cross?

• What did the Atlantic Charter state for the post war world?

• Why did the US stop selling oil and steel to Japan?

• Why did Japan attack the US?

• In what way was the US lucky with Pearl Harbor?

What was “a day that will live in infamy?”

Neutrality Act of 1935

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Neutrality Act of 1937 Neutrality Act of 1939 Destroyers for Bases

Destroyers for Bases Hemispheric Defense Zone Export Control Act Result?

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