S S 8

HOW DID THE GREAT DEPRESSION EFFECT AMERICA?

WARM UP:

• Complete Your Stock market simulation

• Turn it in

WRAP UP OF ECONOMY(DO NOT WRITE THIS)

• War time production made the US’s economy go

BOOM

• Middle class created- they become consumers

• New inventions- home appliances

• Buying with CREDIT or in INSTALLMENTS (buy now,

pay later or over time)

• Stocks- buying ON MARGIN (borrowing money from

banks)

• Where do we go from here….

THE GREAT DEPRESSION BEGINS(DO NOT WRITE THIS)

• On October 23, 1929, the prices of stocks suddenly

plunged and within hours investors lost more than $5

billion!

• Frantic people began to withdraw their savings

from the bank and banks began to close.

• October 29,1929, became known as Black Tuesday

• By many, this day is considered the beginning of the Great

Depression.

GREAT DEPRESSION KEY PEOPLE AND TERMS

• Herbert Hoover - 31st

president of the US

• Black Tuesday – Stock market crash in Oct. 1929 that triggered the Great Depression

• Great Depression –characterized by great human suffering including unemployment, poverty, homelessness, and despair

• Franklin D. Roosevelt (FDR) – 32nd president of the US.

• New Deal – set of programs meant to provide relief and end the Great Depression

• Dust Bowl – area in the mid-west with dust-damaged farms in the early 1930’s

THE GREAT DEPRESSION

• Worst and longest economic collapse in American history, • 1929 until the early 1940s

• Beginning in the United States, it spread to most of the world’s industrial countries

• Effects of the Great Depression... • Rapid declines in the production and sale of goods

• A severe rise in unemployment;At its peak, 1:4 of the nation’s workforce was

unemployed.

• Businesses and banks closed their doors

• Millions of people lost their jobs, homes, and savings

• Many depended on charity to survive.

WHAT WERE THE MAJOR CAUSES OF THE GREAT DEPRESSION?

https://www.brainpop.com/socialstudies/ushistory/gr

eatdepressioncauses/

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GCQfMWAikyU

• As you watch the video, jot down 10 things about

the Great Depression

WARM UP

Read The Great Depression and

annotate it(HINT: It is on the back of yesterday’s Market Crash reading)

PHOTO GALLERY ACTIVITY

POSTER (group)

Students will…• Be assigned a partner• Examine their assigned photo• Answer the questions about

the photo• Create a poster that shares

their photo and expresses their thoughts• Paste the photo on your poster

• Write a caption for your photo

• Creatively display your responses to your answers on your poster

• DO A GREAT JOB! This is going up on the wall for display.

REFLECTION (individual)

On a separate piece of paper respond to the following and turn in to Ms. Dunhem• What did you learn about the

Great Depression from examining the photographs?

• Of all these photographs, if you had to pick one person who was in the toughest situation, who would you choose and why?

• What do you think would have been the most challenging or frightening about living during the Great Depression and why?

WARM UP: BROTHER CAN YOU SPARE A DIME? HTTPS://WWW.YOUTUBE.COM/WATCH?V=VRPFPDEY3JA&NOHTML5=FALSE

• What did you feel as you

listened to the song?

• How would you describe the

mood of the song?

• What is the message of the

song?

• In what ways does the singer

portray the situation many found

themselves in during the Great

Depression?

• How does the song address the

“American dream”?

CAUSES OF THE GREAT DEPRESSION

ACTIVITY:

• You will be assigned a group

• Each group will be assigned a scene

• Groups are to practice their skit and create

simple props• You have 15 minutes to work! So use your time wisely!

• Groups will perform their skits for the class

• While watching the skits, answer the questions

on the Boom to Bust Discussion questions

sheet

SKIT EXPECTATIONS

Performers

• Speak clearly

• Show enthusiasm, but

not silliness

• Be prepared

Audience

• Be respectful – no

heckling

• Listen

CAUSES OF THE GREAT DEPRESSION: CONSUMER DEBT

• Many people who were willing to listen to the

advertisers and purchase new products did not

have enough money to do so.

• Credit was developed: “buy now, pay later.”

• This put off the day when consumers could no

longer afford to buy all the products coming off

assembly lines.

• That day came in 1929!

CAUSES OF THE GREAT DEPRESSION: AMERICAN FARMING

• American farmers

• represented 25% of the economy

• were already in an economic depression during the 1920s

• After WW1, farmers found themselves competing in an over-

supplied international market.

• Prices fell, and farmers were often unable to sell their

products for a profit.

• Pres. Hoover vetoes all bills to help farmers

CAUSES OF THE GREAT DEPRESSION:BUSINESSES CLOSED

• Since people had no money

• unsold inventories piled up in warehouses

• hundreds of factories and mills closed

• output of American manufacturing plants was cut in half

between 1929 to 1932.

CAUSES OF THE GREAT DEPRESSION:STOCK MARKET CRASH

• In the late 1920’s, wealthy Americans interests fueled rapid growth in the stock market• prices of stocks were rising beyond the worth of the shares of

the companies

• People paid inflated prices and believed they could soon sell their stocks at a profit.

• less affluent Americans believed they could get rich and began to buy into the stock market

• Investors bought millions of shares of stock “on margin”

• They bought stocks using credit in hopes of selling it at a profit

• the stock boom could not last in late October 1929 the market plummeted as investors began selling stocks.

• On October 29, Black Tuesday, the worst day of the panic, stocks lost $10 billion to $15 billion in value.

CAUSES OF THE GREAT DEPRESSION:BANK FAILURE

• Banks are uninsured

• No gov. agencies monitor banks or the Stock Market – Laissez Faire Presidents• Laissez Faire = letting the market run its course (no government intervention)

• Many banks had made loans to businesses and people who now could not repay them

• Some banks also lost money investing in the stock market.

• When people went to withdraw their savings, the banks often did not have the money.

• By 1933, the banking system collapsed• more than 5,000 banks failed, wiping out the savings of millions of people.

DUST BOWL

• Beginning in Arkansas in 1930

• severe drought spread across the Great Plains

• Once-productive topsoil turned to dust

• The dust would blow around by strong winds and pile up

• Kansas, Oklahoma, Texas, New Mexico, and Colorado

became known as the Dust Bowl,

• the drought destroyed the livelihood of thousands of

farmers.

• many of these farmers migrated to California

CAUSES OF THE GREAT DEPRESSION:UNEMPLOYMENT

• Unemployment soared

• more than 15 million Americans out of work

• Some remained unemployed for years

• those who had jobs faced wage cuts lack of available full-

time work

WARM UP: TEST YOUR HOBO SKILLS

HOOVERVILLES

• Homeless people built shacks and formed

shantytowns

• Called “Hoovervilles”

• Many were bitter that President Herbert Hoover refused to

provide government aid to the unemployed

CHILDREN OF THE GREAT DEPRESSION

• Many families could not pay their mortgage or buy

food and clothes for their family.

• Many were homeless

• Many became nomads

• 20% of America's children were hungry and without proper

clothing.

• Many schools had to close

• About 3 million children between the ages of 7 and 17 had to

leave school and go to work.

CREATIVE WRITING

Every person has a story to tell, be it one of happiness or hardship, wealth or poverty. Look closely at this image.

What is she thinking and feeling? Notice the expression on her face...the creases that shape her forehead...What was going through her mind the moment this picture was snapped? Did she have fears? Worries? Hopes? Dreams? If so, what were they?

Assume that you are able to read minds. Tell her story in this moment.

WARM UP

• Make 5 - 6

observations of the

political cartoon

• What is going on in

the cartoon?

• What is the

message?

• How did people feel about FDR

becoming the new

president?

FRANKLIN DELANO ROOSEVELT (FDR)

• FDR became president in 1933

• He gave Americans hope

• He was willing to make changes and try new

ideas

• Immediate steps:

1. Bank holiday – temporary shut down of banks

2. Promised only banks in good shape could

reopen

3. Fireside chats – radio talks where he explained

his new policies

• Encouraged the public to trust banks again

FIRST NEW DEAL

• New Deal:

• FDR’s program programs to fight the Depression

• Goals: “The 3 Rs”

• Relief – for hunger and jobless

• Recovery – agriculture and industry

• Reform – change the way the economy worked

RESPONSES TO NEW DEAL

• Conservatives

• Argued the New Deal went too far

• Opposed growth of the government

• Concerns about how to pay for the programs

• Moving the country towards socialism

• Liberals

• New Deal did not go far enough

• Did not help elderly

2ND NEW DEAL

• In 1935, Social Security Act

• provide security, in the form of old age

pensions, disability payments &

unemployment benefits

• Wagner Act protect labor rights

• form unions, collective bargaining

• Wages

• Working conditions

ACTIVITY

•Read and annotate “The New

Deal”

•complete “Get the Scoop”

and turn it in