WWKHow changes in the ocean can affect

atmospheric changes such as heating and cooling the earth… and stuff

AtmosphereThe ocean does not heat or cool as fast as the

atmosphere, so when the atmosphere has a lower temperature then the ocean the warmth of the ocean is transferred to the atmosphere. The atmosphere becomes less dense by making the air molecules move farther apart.

StormsOceans effect storms by sometimes influencing

the direction of the storms. They do this by the changes they make in the air pressure.

RainThe ocean adds water to the air by evaporation,

evaporation is when the sun heats the water causing it to turn to water vapor and be absorbed into the air. This water vapor then collects and comes down as rain

K.S.How do oceans help rain?

Videohttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6vgvTeuoD

WY

WWKThe students will know the formations of the

ocean.

Mid-Ocean Ridges Mid-ocean Ridges or a system of mountains in the

oceans where the plates of the earth’s crust drift away from each other.

It was discovered that all ocean floors have almost identical features and that a chain of ocean ridges circle the entire earth due to a fascinating discovery made less than 100 years age, when the telegraph cable between England and North America was laid down then parallel to the coast, the Atlantic ocean is furrowed by highlands and lowlands similar to the surface of the land. Twenty years later, something very similar was discovered in the Pacific Ocean.

Islands Islands or pieces of land (excluding continents) are completely surrounded by

water which can be an ocean, a river, or a lake. Islands that generally situate near a continent are remnants of an originally one landmass but have separated due to sea erosion, a fragment of the neighboring land, or sinking of land. The geological structure of islands are always very similar to that of land.

There are different ways islands are formed : Formed from constant exposure to the tide and coastal currents causing their

shape to change quite often. This type of island is called a sedimentary island. Formed from fragments of continental crust which have separated from a larger

land. Formed by coral animals when they colonize an extinct volcano that originated on

the ocean floor. Formed by magma rising from the earth’s mantle. This type of island is called a

volcanic island. Formed when volcanoes rise above the sea level. This type of island is called a

ocean island.

Coral Reefs

A special form of marine mounds are the groups of coral reefs or marine organisms that can only live in salt water. They can be found not only in shallow waters, but in the deep oceans as well that reach a maximum of 50 meters. These organisms require relative high water temperature, between 15 and 20 degrees Celsius, to be able to construct branching calcite formations.

Coral reefs often settle on the summit of submarine protuberances, mainly volcanoes, by creating ring-shaped reefs on the edges of extinct volcanoes.

K.S.What type of island is formed when volcanoes

rise above the sea level?

Video

http://video.nationalgeographic.com/video/environment/habitats-environment/habitats-oceans-env/coral-reefs/

Coral ReefsTheir brief history and contribution to the

oceanYazmin Navedo

Brief History

Coral Reefs have been around for a dang long time now. They were originally classified as the plant family at one point, but it turns out Corals like to be categorized under a group of animals known as Cnidarians. These Cnidarians are described as little round animals with tentacles around their mouths. When formed together these species helped us invent the name: Coral Reefs. These Coral Reefs are practically skeletal remains of Coral Polyps.

Their Benefits to the Ocean & UsCoral Reefs are biologically divers, therefore

coral reefs provide shelter to millions of sea creatures.

Coral Reefs are in fact beneficial to us for they provide employment and significant portions of income through tourism.

Coral Reef provides protection from storm damage to our coastal cities, beaches and communities.

Thanks to the unique skeletal structure of Coral Reefs, they help provide medicines to treat cardiovascular diseases, ulcers, leukemia, and skin cancer.

1842 Charles Darwin DiscoveryIdentified 3 main types of Coral Reefs

Fringing Reefs develop along Coast in shallow waters which line a tropical island/continent.

Reefs that continue to grow outwards and offshore are known as Barrier Reefs.

Carol Atolls are rings of reef which frequently encircle an island of sand and is colonized by plants and animals.

K.S.

Based on the information you received, what would occur if Coral Reefs were to dissapear.

WWKWe will know how currents and tides are

formed and how they affect the ocean.

Video

http://video.nationalgeographic.com/video/environment/habitats-environment/habitats-oceans-env/coral-reefs/

Wind

Winds affect the ocean’s surface only. The winds that most affect the oceans’ currents are: The Westerlies blow west to east. The Trade Winds blow east to west. Both winds are a result of warm air from the tropics moving to the poles and incorporating

the rotation of Earth into their movement. In the Northern Hemisphere, they move clockwise. In the Southern Hemisphere, they move counter-clockwise.

Currents are a body of water moving in a specific direction.

Differences in temperature between the cold waters of the poles and the warm waters near the equator cause currents. Cold-water currents occur as the cold water at the poles sinks and slowly moves toward the equator. Warm-water currents travel out from the equator along the surface, flowing toward the poles to replace the sinking cold water.

The mixing and warming of water causes these currents. As these currents move around the world, they also help replenish the oxygen in the water.

The Effect of the Sun and Moon on Tides

All surfaces of Earth are pulled toward the moon and the sun.

The sun and moon create two types of tides, high and low! As the moon rotates around Earth, tidal bulges occur. The bulge is a really large wave beneath the moon that moves across the Earth.

TidesSpring and Neap Tides

When the moon is full or new, the gravitational pull of the moon and sun are combined. At these times, the high tides are very high and the low tides are very low. This is known as a spring high tide. During the moon’s quarter phases the sun and moon work at right angels, causing the bulges to cancel each other. The result is a smaller difference between high and low tides and is known as a neap tide.

• Tidal changes are different in various parts of the world. Near the equator, there is very little noticeable change because a large volume of water is spread out over a wide range.

K.S.How are Tides formed?

Videohttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hu_GaoJY

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