housing and homelessness report card: part 2 · 2016 homeless count: march 10, 2016 • 10 th...

Celine Mauboules, Senior Planner Housing Policy and Projects

May 31, 2016

Housing and Homelessness Report Card: Part 2

2015 Housing Report Card Part 2 Presentation Outline

1. Background 2. Why do people become homeless? 3. Who is living on our streets on in our shelters 4. What actions have been taken? 5. What are we doing moving forward?

Background: Importance of Solving Homelessness in Vancouver

3

66%

27%

4%

2%

1%

Very important

Somewhat important

Not very important

Not at all important

Don't know/Not sure

93% Believe It’s Important to Solve

Homelessness

“Talk Housing Survey” (N=1,554)

Background: Recent Trends

WHY DO PEOPLE BECOME HOMELESS? Some stories that are far too common…

• 57 years old • Receiving Income Assistance • Lived in same SRO for 20 years • Building sold to a new investor • Needs to find new housing for $375

“Tom”

What happens to “Tom”?

“Darrell”

• 25 year old in jail • Placed in foster care at age 9 • Homeless & addicted when arrested • Signed up for a treatment which starts 4 days after his release

What happens to “Darrell”?

“Amy”

• Moved to Vancouver 6 months ago • Hit by a car while on her bike • Her rent is due in 18 days • Cannot work & not entitled to benefits

What happens to “Amy”?

Drivers of Homelessness

Structural Factors

System Failures

Individual Factors

Aging out of care, discharge into homelessness, etc.

Traumatic events, mental health and addictions, etc.

(Gaetz et al., 2013)

Poverty, lack of affordable housing, etc.

Drivers of Homelessness: Poverty

Adapted from: http://www.cwp-csp.ca/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/2015-Province-Poverty-Profiles_BC.pdf

75,413

100,086

146,902

184,176

0

20,000

40,000

60,000

80,000

100,000

120,000

140,000

160,000

180,000

200,000

2005 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Pers

ons A

ssist

ed

Year

Poverty Indicators in British Columbia

Food BankUsers

WelfareRecipients

Structural Factors

Structural Factors

• Average Market Rent for studio - East Hastings (CMHC 2015): $846

• DTES Private SRO avg rent: $479

• Market Basket Measure (2011) for single person $1,569/month

14

Drivers of Homelessness: Poverty

Income Assistance: $610/month Shelter Component: $375/month Everything else: $235/month

Structural Factors

• City-wide 0.6% vacancy rate

• Private SRO vacancy rate continue to fall: – 14% in 1992; 4% in 2015

• Private SROs rents increasing:

– $375 or less decreased from 60% in 2007 to 17% in 2015.

– $451+ increased from 14% in 2009 to 41% in 2015 .

15

Drivers of Homelessness: Loss of Affordable Housing

William G. Honer, MD, FRCPC, FCAHS Jack Bell Chair in Schizophrenia Professor and Head, Department of Psychiatry Director, Institute of Mental Health University of British Columbia

UBC IMH

H o t e l STUDY

Hotel study n=375

• Recruitment • SRO hotels n=310, DCC n=65, Participation rate = 73%

• Participant characteristics • Sex: males 78%, females 22%, transgender <1% • Age: Median 44 yr, range 23 - 68 years • History of homelessness: 68%

• Mental health, substance use, physical health • Mental illness: psychosis 47%, mood disorder 30% • Substance dependence: tobacco 92%, crack 63%, powder

25%, cannabis 31%, heroin 37%, methamphetamine 25%, alcohol 18%; any injection use 53%

• Physical illness: HIV 18%, HCV exposure 68%, HCV infection 51%, liver damage (hepatic fibrosis) 21%

• Visit with a family physician (during first 6 months): 84%

Hotel study: outcomes over time

306 people, with 730 person years of follow up (mean = 28.6 mon)

On an annual basis: 6.0% chance of

3.6% chance of

being homeless being jailed

Hotel study: homelessness over time

0255075

100125

Hotel A

Housed Homeless

Par

ticip

ants

23% 0255075

100

Hotel B

0255075

100

Hotel C0

255075

100

Hotel D

Hotel study: homelessness over time

05

10152025

Jailed

Housed Homeless

Par

ticip

ants

050

100150200250

Not jailed

05

10152025

Recoveryhouse Tx

050

100150200250

No recoveryhouse Tx

OR=6.8 (3.1-15.1)

OR=7.1 (2.9-17.2)

Hotel study: outcomes over time

306 people, with 730 person years of follow up (mean = 28.6 mon)

On an annual basis: 6.0% chance of 3.6% chance of

2.6% chance of

being homeless being jailed

being dead

Cohort mortality (n=375, 4.2 yr, 1581 person-yrs) Expected

deaths Actual deaths

Standardized mortality ratio = 8.4

(95% CI = 6.2 - 11.5)

Crude mortality = 2.53 / 100 person yrs

0

20

40

60

80

100

HIV Opioids Psychosis FibrosisARV methadone Antipsychotic no treatment

Treatment: four primary illnesses Pe

rcen

t tre

ated

n=64 n=202 n=173 n=59

Treatment: Clinical effectiveness and platforms: opioids

Somewhat effective treatment / Poor platfo

Mdo (n=126)

No mdo (n=72) P=

Days heroin 8.1 14.2 <0.001

Daily heroin 14.3% 41.7% <0.001

Heroin abstinent 44.4% 22.2% 0.001

Days crack 12.7 10.0 NS

Days powder 4.6 4.3 NS

Uni

que

pers

ons

with

1 a

ppre

hens

ion

(no.

)

0

150

300

450

600

0

575

1150

1725

2300

2875

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Valu

e A

xis

>1 apprehension 1 apprehension

Uni

que

pers

ons

with

>1

appr

ehen

sion

(no.

)

• Early mortality remains a persistent problem for people living in marginal housing in the DTES

• Psychosis and liver dysfunction are treatable risk factors associated with early mortality

• An integrated model of care should be tested as a means to create better value in health care in the DTES community

Conclusions

WHO ARE THOSE LIVING ON OUR STREETS AND IN OUR SHELTERS?

Results of the 2016 Homeless Count

2016 Homeless Count: March 10, 2016

• 10th homeless count in Vancouver • Characteristics of the homeless

population and trends over time • Point-in-time – 24 hour snapshot -

undercount • 450 volunteers • Partnership with BCH, Health

Providers, Shelter Providers, Greater Vancouver Shelter Strategy

1,847 PEOPLE IDENTIFIED AS HOMELESS IN VANCOUVER ON

MARCH 10, 2016

539 ON THE STREET

1,308 IN SHELTERS

2016 Homeless Count: Findings

2016 Homeless Count: 2005 – 2016

773 765

1,294 1,427

1,296 1,327 1,267 1,258 1,308

591 811

421 154 306 273 536 488

539 1,364

1,576 1,715

1,581 1,602 1,600

1,803 1,746 1,847

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Unsheltered Sheltered Total

Homeless Population as a Percentage of Total Population*

0.13%

0.13%

0.16%

0.18%

0.18%

0.19%

0.20%

0.23%

0.31%

0.00% 0.05% 0.10% 0.15% 0.20% 0.25% 0.30% 0.35%

Lethbridge (2014)

Red Deer (2016)

Victoria (2016)

Saskatoon (2015)

Toronto (2013)

Calgary (2014)

Kelowna (2016)

Edmonton (2014)

Vancouver (2016)

* Based on Census 2011, PIT transitional housing excluded

2016 Homeless Count: Total population profile

72%

Living in Vancouver for 1+ Year

23%

Women

38%

Aboriginal

11%

Veterans

13% LGBTQ2+

15%

Under 24

42

80

102

151

155

93

36

2

47

127

129

130

56

19

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180

Under19

19-24

25-34

35-44

45-54

55-64

65+

Unsheltered

Sheltered

2016 Homeless Count: Number Sheltered and Unsheltered People by Age

2016 Homeless Count: Profile - Youth (24 and Under)

Total Youth 2016

(n=136)

Total Homeless

2016 Men 61% 76% Women 39% 23% LGTBQ2+ 22% 13% Aboriginal Identity 45% 38% No Income 28% 12% Income Assistance 36% 35% Health – Addiction 56% 53% Health - Mental Illness 49% 40%

2016 Homeless Count: Health Conditions

Have one or more health

conditions

78%

31% (345)

40% (450)

42% (479)

53% (603)

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60%

Physical disability

Mental health issue

Medical condition/illness

Addiction/substance use

2016 Homeless Count : Income Sources

35% (398)

27% (301)

23% (257)

20% (231)

12% (136)

7% (77)

3% (31)

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40%

Income assistance

Disability benefits

Employment

Other

No Income

OAS/GIS/CPP

EI

2016 Homeless Count: Homeless less or more than one year

55% 61%

45% 39%

30%

35%

40%

45%

50%

55%

60%

65%

2010 2011 2013 2014 2015 2016

Under 1 year

More than 1 year

4% (2)

26% (13)

14% (7)

22% (11)

20% (10)

11% (9)

17% (13)

22% (17)

28% (22)

16% (13)

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30%

Outside of Canada

Other provinces

Alberta

Rest of BC

Metro Vancouver

2016

2015

2016 Homeless Count: 79 New Arrivals to Vancouver

2016 Homeless Count: Profiles of street, shelters

* Women likely to be underrepresented where they are hidden homeless

Street Homeless

Profile

Temporary Shelters Profile

Year-Round Shelters Profile

Men 80% 84% 70%

Women* 19% 15% 29%

Identify as Aboriginal 44% 40% 29%

IA or Disability 69% 64% 51%

Employed 15% 26% 31%

Homeless less than one year 49% 39% 27%

2+ health conditions 56% 48% 46%

Addiction/Substance Use 65% 59% 36%

Turn-Away – % increase since 2015 - 130% 58%

WHAT ACTIONS HAVE BEEN TAKEN?

Winter Shelter Strategy and

Outreach

Winter Shelter Strategy: What we’ve done

138 E Cordova 30 beds

Salvation Army

1648 E 1st 40 beds RainCity

134 E Cordova 40 beds

Salvation Army

900 Pacific 40 beds RainCity

49 W Cordova 30 beds

PHS 601 E Hastings

20 beds UGM

1138 Burrard 10 beds

Directions

Total of 210 beds – largest number to date

• Continued partnership BC Housing to open temporary winter shelter beds

• Located in areas where there are high numbers of homeless people - targeted outreach to ensure they get beds

• Access to transit and other community services

• Professional and experienced shelter operator


Benefits of temporary shelters: • Opportunity for people to come inside – count findings show street homeless

accessing beds

• At least two meals/day - Positive impact on blood sugar and ability to cope


• Connections with health and housing services

• Greater community awareness and support

Over 1,000 housed since 2009

Ethel Whitty Director Homelessness Services

Carnegie Outreach Program Metrics: What we’ve done

832

1866

2620

695

1287

1689

369

681 791

54 87 136

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

2013 2014 2015

Total clients served

New clients served

Housing units found

Housing units saved


48% 37%

8% 7%

2015

927 total units

55% 31%

5% 9%

2014

768 total units

67% 24%

4% 5%

2013

423 total units

Type of Housing Found


Number Percentage

First Nations 457 27%

Non First Nations 952 56%

Unknown or refused 280 17%

Female 423 25%

Male 1258 74%

Transgendered 4 1%

Unknown or refused 4 0%

Demographics of New Clients


0%

8%

20%

23%

26%

17%

5%

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500

< 19

19 - 24

25 - 34

35 - 44

45 - 54

55 - 64

65 +

Age of New Clients

Youth

Seniors


28%

38%

14% 12%

8%

< 1 month 1 month to< 6 months

6 months to< 1 year

1 year to< 3 years

3 + years

Length of Time Homeless

Temporary Housing

1060 Howe Metson Rooms

100 Rooms

395 Kingsway The Biltmore

95 Rooms

3475 E Hastings Ramada

54 Rooms

1335 Howe Quality Inn 157 Rooms

Temporary Housing: What we’ve done

Total of 406 Rooms

Temporary Housing: What we’ve done

• Temporary housing plays critical role • Tenants connected to housing and health services • Pending expiration of leases • Tenant relocation plans in development • Exploring additional temporary housing options

Temporary Housing Number of Rooms Open/Close 1335 Howe (Quality Inn) 157 2014/2016 1060 Howe (Metson Rooms) 100 2015/2020 395 Kingsway (The Biltmore) 95 2014/2019 3475 E. Hastings (Ramada) 54 2014/NA

Total 406

Single Room Occupancy (SRO)

Hotels

SRO’s: What we’ve done

• Current strategy - replace SROs with self-contained social housing • Interim strategy - improve condition, livability and supports for tenants • SRO Upgrading Grants: $5,000/door to non-profit owned/leased SROs

– $180k Asia Hotel (137-139 E Pender St) – $530k Murray Hotel (1119 Hornby) – $190K Sakura So Hotel (376 Powell)

SRO’s: What we’ve done • Recent amendments:

– increased conditional $15,000 per room fee to $125,000 to more accurately reflect cost of replacement

– Delegated authority to Chief Housing Officer for non-profit SRA permit applications

– SRA permit required for renovations resulting in tenant displacement (Tenant Relocation Plan required)

• Continue monitoring and enforcement of SRA By-law

SROs: What we’ve done • Increase tenants supports:

• First United Church Ministries advocates

• SRO tenant information flyer • Grant provided to annual SRO Tenant

Convention

SROs: What we’ve done

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

January-12 January-13 January-14 January-15

Outstanding Property Violations

80 % decrease

Social and

Supportive Housing

Social and Supportive Housing: What we’ve done

Social Housing • Nearly 1,700 units • 67% of 5 year

target • 62% completed or

under construction


Supportive Housing • Over 1,800 new

supportive housing units

• 81% of the 5 year target

• 94% completed or under construction


• The Budzey (220 Princess)

67

New nə́c ̓aʔmat ct Strathcona branch library


68


288 E. Hastings

69

420 Hawks


Architectural rendering

WHAT ARE OUR NEXT STEPS?

Intervention Rapid, Responsive, Repeated

Unsheltered/Sheltered

Pathways into Homelessness Prevention

Outreach Assessment

(VAT)

HOUSING SROs

Temporary Housing Social and Supportive Housing

Other Rental (Rent Sup)

Prioritization and

Coordinated Access




Outreach Assessment

(VAT)

HOUSING REFRESH • Update

strategies and priority actions

• Set new targets • Focus on

opportunities to partner with senior governments

• Public engagement

HOUSING SROs



Prioritization and

Coordinated Access




Outreach Assessment

(VAT)

HOUSING Non-Market to include:

SROs Temporary Housing Supportive Housing


Prioritization and

Coordinated Access

• Secure commitment to 600 2016/2017 winter shelter beds or temporary housing units

• New permanent Aboriginal shelter at 1015 E. Hastings to replace Vancouver Aboriginal Friendship Centre shelter at 201 Central

Shelters and Outreach: Next steps

• Improve data collection and Information Sharing: – New Dashboard -more effectively

target intervention policies and strategies

– Expand use of Vulnerability Assessment Tool (VAT) to improve pathways out of homeless

– Improve homelessness services by exploring creation of app to shelter bed availability

Shelters and Outreach: Next steps




Outreach Assessment

(VAT)

HOUSING SRO)



Prioritization and

Coordinated Access

Temporary Housing Options: Next steps

• Temporary Modular Homes Pilot to address urgent need for housing supply in the City

• Deliver units expeditiously and cost effectively • Move forward with site specific RFP

SROs: Next steps • Continue funding First United Advocacy • Vancouver designated as one of Rockefeller

Foundation’s 100 Resilient Cities • SRO Reinvestment Funding Initiative -

Confirm partnership funding to support non-profit lease or ownership of private SROs.

• Reinstate SRO Management Training program

• Maximize use of existing supportive housing stock through “Supporting Tenants Enabling Pathways “ (STEP) Pilot

• Ensure Fed/Prov Homelessness Prevention Program rent sups are maintained

Social and Supportive Housing: Next steps

SO WHAT HAPPENS TO “TOM” “DARRELL” AND

“AMY”?

• Lost his housing and income and started sleeping outside

• Connected with Carnegie Outreach Team • Moves into a non-market SRO • Rent is $375 • Connected to support

What happens to Tom?

What happens to Darrell?

• Moves into a shelter • Opens his income assistance file • Completes Supportive Housing Application • Goes to treatment • Unable to secure supportive housing – relapses – back on street • Moves into temporary housing • Supportive housing with necessary supports

What happens to Amy?

• Provided a rent supplement • Applies for income assistance • Connected with employment services • Returns to work

Thank you

THANK YOU

Thank you

housing and homelessness report card: part 2 · 2016 homeless count: march 10, 2016 • 10 th...

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