hot topics rabies & ebola june 21, 2018cdhd.wa.gov/...7-hcc-rabies-ebola-june-21-2018.pdf ·...
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Hot TopicsRabies &
EbolaJune 21, 2018 Jackie Dawson, PhD
Public Health Epidemiologist and RERC
Chelan, Douglas, Grant, Kittitas and Okanogan Counties
509-886-6428
Beaver that attacked paddle boarder was rabid The attack, which occurred on the popular North Carolina (Asheville
Lake), sent a 67-year-old woman to Mission Hospital with lacerations and bites on her leg and both hands.
Rabies Surveillance
http://avmajournals.avma.org/doi/pdf/10.2460/javma.248.7.777
CDC: Man died of rabies from kidney transplant
MD man died of raccoon rabies that he contracted from a donated kidney 1.5 years ago
3 other people -- in Florida, Georgia and Illinois -- received organs are receiving treatment
Donor had encephalitis, an inflammation of the brain, when they harvested the organs (kidneys, heart and liver)
In the only other U.S. outbreak of rabies among organ recipients, the four patients died within a month of transplant in 2004.
Human rabies: 1 to 3 cases per year
https://avmajournals.avma.org/doi/full/10.2460/javma.250.10.1117
Cases of rabies among wildlife in the US
Rabid cats -2015
Rabid dogs -2015
Rabid bats -2015
https://www.doh.wa.gov/Portals/1/Documents/5100/rabiestested-past1988-2017.pdf
6.25% 0.06%
`
https://www.doh.wa.gov/Portals/1/Documents/5100/rabidbatsWA_2017.pdf
https://www.doh.wa.gov/Portals/1/Documents/5100/rabidbatsWA_2016.pdf
Seven rabid bats in WA- 2018
2 more rabid bats in Chelan CountyJune 2018 (total =7)
https://www.doh.wa.gov/Portals/1/Documents/5100/batstestedbycounty2013-2017.pdf
Rabies Symptoms in Humans Once a person begins showing signs and symptoms of rabies, the disease is nearly always fatal. For this reason,
anyone who may have a risk of contracting rabies should receive rabies post-exposure prophylaxis. The first symptoms of rabies may be very similar to the flu and may last for days. Later signs and symptoms may
include:
• Fever• Headache• Nausea• Vomiting• Agitation• Anxiety• Confusion• Hyperactivity• Difficulty swallowing• Excessive salivation• Fear of water (hydrophobia) because of the difficulty in swallowing• Hallucinations• Insomnia• Partial paralysishttps://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/rabies/symptoms-causes/syc-20351821
In humans, symptoms usually develop after 3 - 8 weeks (range= 9 days to 7 years)
Rabies: Survival stories
California Girl Only Third in U.S. to Survive Rabies Without Vaccine (stray cat near school).
Doctors treated her with a regimen called the Milwaukee Protocol. It includes antiviral medications and a medically-induced coma to let the brain rest.
Same regimen used to successfully treat a 15-year-old Wisconsin girl who had rabies in 2004.
Bat posters
https://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/resources/virus-ecology.html
https://www.unicefusa.org/stories/unicef-mobilizes-fight-ebola-democratic-republic-congo/34386
May & June 2018
Ebola -2018-Congo
https://reliefweb.int/report/south-sudan/south-sudan-situation-responding-needs-displaced-south-sudanese-and-refugeeshttps://reliefweb.int/country/cod
Flow of PeopleSouth Sudan Situation -Responding to the needs of displaced South Sudanese and refugees, Supplementary Appeal January - December 20182.4 millionSouth Sudanese refugees hosted in neighboring countries
http://www.who.int/csr/don/13-june-2018-ebola-drc/en/
Ebola virus The Ebola virus can incubate in a human body for up to 21 days
before a person shows any symptoms.
Once a virus has been identified, a country must have 2 successive incubation periods -- 42 days -- without a new case before being declared free of the Ebola virus.
http://www.msf.org/en/where-we-work/democratic-republic-congo
http://www.msf.org/en/article/democratic-republic-congo-ebola-update-may-2018https://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/UNICEF%20DR%20Congo%20Ebola%20Factsheet-%2013%20June%202018.pdf
http://www.who.int/csr/don/13-june-2018-ebola-drc/en/
Ebola DRC June 15, 2018
https://reliefweb.int/map/democratic-republic-congo/democratic-republic-congo-drc-ebola-virus-disease-crisis-0
The first several cases were traced to the remote villages of Bikoro and Iboko. But then a new case was reported in Mbandaka, a port city with a population of nearly 1.2 million. Mbandakais located near the well-trafficked Congo River — and just 364 miles north of the capital, Kinshasa, a city of 10 million.
Ebola Outbreak 2018
Dr. Peter Salama, the Deputy Director-General for Emergency Preparedness and Response for the World Health Organization (WHO), said in remarks before the WHO Assembly in Geneva. "We're on the epidemiological knife edge of this response.“
73.7 % of cases died
https://www.unicefusa.org/stories/unicef-mobilizes-fight-ebola-democratic-republic-congo/34386http://www.msf.org/en/article/democratic-republic-congo-ebola-update-may-2018
http://www.who.int/csr/don/13-june-2018-ebola-drc/en/
The Pillars of an Ebola Intervention must continue in order to stem the spread:
Providing medical and psychological care, isolation of people who are sick
Traditional doctors or healers are an important target for awareness because they are the first resort of the inhabitants when they are sick
Outreach activities including tracing and following up contacts
Informing people about the disease, how to prevent it and where to seek care
Supporting existing healthcare Temporarily adapting cultural
behavior, such as funeral rites
World Day of the African Child - On the occasion of the World Day of the African Child on 16 Jun 2018, UNICEF invited 32 children reporters of Bikoro to animate radio programs on the dignified and safe burial.
DR Congo - 2018 Ebola Outbreak in Equateur ProvinceJune 13, 2018
https://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/UNICEF%20DR%20Congo%20Ebola%20Factsheet-%2013%20June%202018.pdf
Since the launch of the vaccination intervention on 21 May, a total of 3017 people have been vaccinated in Mbandaka (829), Iboko (1374), Bikoro(726), Ingende (77) and Kinshasa (11).
http://www.who.int/csr/don/13-june-2018-ebola-drc/en/https://us13.campaign-archive.com/?u=89e5755d2cca4840b1af93176&id=febbe78b5fhttps://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/UNICEF%20DR%20Congo%20Ebola%20Factsheet-%2013%20June%202018.pdf
Ebola vaccine
‘Ring’ vaccinationWho receives the vaccine? Newly diagnosed and laboratory-
confirmed Ebola patients and the people they have been in contact with— often family members, neighbors, colleagues and friends of the patient — will constitute the ‘ring’.
Ebola health workers
Ring vaccination ensures that the vaccination of people who are in the ‘ring’ create a buffer zone — or protective ring — to prevent the spread of infection.
Vaccine needs to be stored at -76 to-112 deg F (-60 to -80 deg C)
http://www.msf.org/en/article/democratic-republic-congo-msf-starts-ebola-vaccination-targeting-remote-communitieshttps://www.slideshare.net/ECDC_EU/efficacy-testing-of-the-rvsvzebov-ebola-vaccine-in-guinea-dr-gunnstein-norheim
Questions?
Please contact me [email protected]
if you would like a copy of my presentation.
Some bat species can capture up to 1,000 mosquitoes an hour
https://batmanagement.com/blogs/bat-roosts/bats-and-mosquito-control