SHELTER FOR HOT AND DRY CLIMATE

SUCHETANA CHAKRAVARTY 114AR0025

Introduction Regions having similar characteristic features of climate aregrod undupeer one climatic zone. According to a recent code ofbureau of Indian standards, the country may be divided into fivemajor climatic zones.

• Hot and dry (mean monthly temperature >30 and relativelyhumidity <55%).• Warm and humid (mean monthly temperature >25-30 andrelatively humidity <55-75%).• Cold and dry (mean monthly temperature <25 andrelatively humidity- all values).• Composite (this applies, when six months or more do not fallwithin any of the other categories).

Nature of hot and humid climate Hot-dry desert and semi desert climates are characterised by very

hot,dry air and dry ground. hot dry weather in summer and cold in winter. very little rainfall. very low humidity. high temp. difference between night and day. hot winds & frequent dust storms High summer day time temperatures(32-36° C) In hotter regions above 40 and up to 50°C. High direct solar radiation Clear sky most of the year sandy or rocky ground with very low vegetation cover. 

Building design Orientation and placement, to minimize sun

exposure in summer. Form, compact to reduce surface areas of heat

gain. Shade, for maximum sun protection in summer. Allow adequate heat gain in winter by movable

shading devices.

Ventilation, for regulation of air movement

SANGATHAN ARCHITECT’S STUDIO, AHMEDABAD BY B.V. DOSHI

Architect: B.V. DoshiLocation: Thaltej Road,AhmedabadPeriod of Const. : 1979-1981Project Engineer: B.S. Jethwa, Y.PatelSite Area:2346 m2

Total Built-up Area: 585 m2

Project Cost: 0.6 Million

Site plan

Site planning: Minimizing Solar Radiation on South

and West side : The structure is closely integrated with the outdoor spaces. Vegetation on site is almost left to grow into wilderness. The West and South façade is shaded by dense trees.

Maximizing Wind Flow :Wind from West and South-West side is taken in by juxtapositioning structures so as to create a central open space through which wind can flow unobstructed

The Structure Vaulted Roof Form

The roof form creates an efficient surface volume/ratio optimizing material quantities.

Higher Space Volumeprovides for hot air pockets due to convective currents that keep lower volumes relatively cool.

Stack Effect

Ventilating window at upper volume releases the accumulated

hot air through pressure difference.

InsulationBuilding is largely buried under ground to use earth masses for natural insulation.External walls of the building are nearly a meter deep but have been hollowed out as alcoves to provide storage that becomes an insulative wall with efficiency of space.

Lightingindirect lighting

oUpper Level Large Openings - Facing North.oSkylights as projected masses from the roof. oSmall cut-outs on roof slab filled with hollow glass blocks.

ConstructionTechniqueLocally made clay fuses over the concrete slab to form a non-conductive layer.The clay fuses entrap air. Known as sandwich vault.3.5 cm thick  RCC8 cm ceramic fuses3.5 cm thick RCC6 cm thick water proofing1 cm thick broken China mosaic finish

Water is the major modifier of the microclimate.rain water and overflow of tank water harnesshed through roof channel and reused.water moderates the harsh ambient out side of the building.

Performance A temperature difference of about 8°C Time lag for heat transfer is nearly 6 hours 30% to 50% reduction in cooling energy Waste material reuse Water Recycling 10% saving in cost through lack of finishes.

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