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Storage Management: What You Need to Know

Randy Kerns

Copyright 2003 - All Rights Reserved

Evaluator Group, Inc.7720 East Belleview Avenue • Suite 210 • Greenwood Village CO 80111

Tel: (303) 221-7867 • Fax: (303) 221-1615

www.evaluatorgroup.com

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Agenda

Storage Management Overview

Storage Management Structure• Virtualization• SAN Management• Storage Resource Management• Management Frameworks• Application Management• Policy Management• Device Management

Workbook

Summary

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Storage Management Issues Storage is becoming immense

and strategically important

Management tools are required to intelligently manage this important asset and to better utilize IT staff talents

Included in storage management• Data management• Storage resource management• Storage network management• Device management• Virtualization management• Management of functions such as

backup, capacity, and performance

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Storage Management Issues

The problem:

• MANY different storage management solutions

• Essentially, they do not work together

• Overlap of functionality

• Storage networking has greater demands New management products for storage networking

• Different terminology used by vendors Network-centric vs. storage-centric Attempts at “differentiation”

• Resulting confusion

• Overall – total possible gains from storage networking not realized

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Storage Management

What is important

• Economics

Efficiencies in managing storage

Amount of storage administered

Accommodating growth

Business dynamics

• Capabilities

Problem determination

Optimal operation

Provable security

Business operations

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Storage Management

How to depict storage management

• Need to illustrate by what management is being done to

understand overall picture

• Solutions may cover more than one market segment

• Evaluator Group broke down the areas or segments to aid

in understanding

• Terminology may be different from different vendors

A rose is a rose …

• Management is from a storage professional’s perspective

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Storage Management StructureP

olicy M

anag

emen

tR

ules-based automated actions

Application ManagementManage applications rather than devices

Management FrameworkCA Unicenter, HP OpenView, IBM Tivoli, etc.

Storage Resource ManagementCapacity usage, reporting, trending, charge-back, etc.

Storage Network ManagementSAN topology, discovery, etc.

VirtualizationLogical representation of physical devices

Device ManagementManagement of individual devices

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Storage Management

Integration of management software

• Necessary to provide complete management coverage

• Avoid duplication of capabilities

• Single management philosophy – avoid conflicts

• Simplify training – reduce opportunity for human error

• Minimize administration of tools

Updates / advances

• Allows new tools to be seamlessly added

• Overall – greatest economic gain

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Storage Management Integration

possibilities• Single vendor

Lock in - prices May limit new

exploitation of new advances

• Consortium with shared APIs or new standard

Software can “cooperate”

Some vendor’s software can work with certain others

Another matrix of interoperability

• Repository based

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CIM, Bluefin and SMI General computer system management:

• Common Information Model (CIM) is the language and methodology for describing management data

• Extends the existing instrumentation and management standards (SNMP, DMI, CMIP, etc.)

• Works in the context of Web Based Enterprise Management (WBEM)

• Currently includes models for systems, applications, networks (LAN) and devices

Storage-specific management• Storage Management Initiative (SMI)

to develop a complete storagemanagement standard using CIM &WBEM technology

• Bluefin is the CIM SAN specificationand is now included within SMI

• SNIA goal: “All storage managedby the SMI Interface in 2005”

File/record layer Database

(dbms) File system

(fs)

Storage devices

Block aggregation

Application

Network

Host

Device

Blu

efi

n M

an

ag

em

en

t S

erv

ice

s

Sto

rag

e d

om

ain

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Common Information Model for Storage First version – Industry

standard interfaces for:• Disk arrays

• Tape devices

• FC HBAs

• FC Switches

• Host resources

• Virtual LUNs

• Copy functions

Futures• Policy functions

• Filesystem functions

• NAS, iSCSI, Infiniband

• More virtualization

functions

SNIA HBA APIProvider

SwitchProvider

CIMOMCIMOM

LibraryProvider

CIMOM

Provider

CIMOMCIMOM

ArrayProvider

SNIA-SMLProvider

Disk arraysFC HBA’s

TapeLibraries

CIMOM

FC Switches

CIMOM

SwitchProvider

CIMOM

WBEM(XML over HTTP)

DeviceManager

Democlient

Managementapplications

CIMOM

Other LibraryProvider

TapeLibraries

* CIMOM: CIM Object Manager

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CIM Today and Tomorrow CIM Providers present device data to management

applications

CIM Clients are the management applications that receive CIM data

As of late 2002, functional prototypes available:• Providers: Brocade, Crossroads, EMC, HP, Hitachi/HDS, IBM, InRange,

LSI Logic, Network Appliance, Qlogic, Quantum, Sun, VERITAS• Clients: AppIQ, BMC Software, Brocade, Computer Associates, EMC

(Prisa), HP, IBM (Tivoli), InterSAN, McDATA (SANavigator), Sun, VERITAS

CIM and SMI are work-in-progress, and are not complete yet

New hardware is expected to be CIM-enabled

Some older hardware will not be CIM-enabled…• May use a proxy agent that uses SNMP or other protocol

Expect production versions of CIM-enabled devices and applications to appear over time

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Storage Management

Repository is a database• Contains information

about storage network• Includes device

information • May contain policy

control information

Many vendors using databases• No standard or

“standard in practice” so far from storage management software vendors

• Provides the greatest opportunity for management software to work together - integrate

Repository

ManagementSoftw are

ManagementSoftw are

ManagementSoftw are

Discovery

Policies andActions

ManagementSoftw are

Analysis &Prediction

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Management Segments

Examination of Each Segment

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Virtualization

Application Management

Management Framework

Storage Resource Management

Storage Network Management

Virtualization

Policy

Managem

ent

Device Management

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Storage Virtualization

Breaks the relationship between server operating system and physical storage• Deal with storage as an abstraction (virtualization)

Allows or aids significantly certain functionality• Provisioning of storage (LUN expansion, creation, etc.)• Treatment of all storage (from heterogeneous storage

devices) with the same management tools• Advanced functions such as point-in-time copy,

duplication, remote copy, etc.• Performance distribution of data on logical units based on

policy

Will be the main element in allowing administration of significantly more storage• Estimates range from 4 to 40 times

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Describing Storage Virtualization

Abstraction of storage

“Key” word now used in many contexts

• NAS – presenting single image across multiple NAS devices

• Storage system – dynamic virtualization of logical volumes

(LUNs) across physical storage devices

• SAN Fabric – dynamic virtualization across domain of storage

systems, typically heterogeneous

• Server software – map physical storage to logical

representations within control of that server

• Virtual tape – multiple tape images with consolidation onto

fewer tape cartridges

• Management techniques – manage LUNs with indirection and

grouping

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Storage Virtualization

For this discussion:

• Virtualization is abstraction of storage represented to

servers for data processing

• Specific to storage networking

Including all elements

• Considers both LUN and file system based storage

• Focused on disk storage

• Static or algorithmic mapping is not included in our

definition of storage virtualization

Consideration is where virtualization is

performed and how it is done

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Storage Virtualization

Servers

Fabric

Disk arrayDisk array Disk array

Virtualization – Server Level

Virtualization – Fabric Level

Virtualization – Storage Level

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Virtualization Categories

Location• Server

• Fabric Level

Switch

Asymmetric

(Metadata Server) –

out of the data path

Symmetric (SAN

Storage Manager) -

in the data path

• Storage System

Types• File system based

• LUN based

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Storage Virtualization

Servers

Fabric

Disk arrayDisk array Disk array

Virtualization – Server Level VERITAS SANpoint + Volume Manager HPQ VR

Virtualization – Fabric Level Symmetric DataCore SANsymphony, HP CASA, FalconStor IPStor, IBM Lodestone, VERITAS ServPoint SAN, HP VersaStor, DataDirect Networks. StoneFly

Asymmetric StoreAge, TrueSAN, IBM Storage Tank, VERITAS

Virtualization – Storage Level StorageTek SVA, HP VA, HPQ EVA, 3Par

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Economic Value

Drive down administrative cost

• Storage administrator manage more storage

Multiplier to amount

Component of TCO

Compelling number

• Deal with storage as abstraction

Reduces training - opportunity for error

Allow policy automation

Accommodate growth of storage

• Business limiter

Increase utilization of storage resources

Address shortage of skilled IT workers

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Types of Virtualization

Broken down to categories by Evaluator Group

1. Asymmetric - Metadata Server

2. Symmetric –

SAN Storage Manager

Switch based

3. Server based

4. Storage System

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Asymmetric - Metadata Server

Separation of metadata and

user data via “Redirector”

Abstraction of storage

(virtualization) called

“asymmetrical pooling”

Typically wide “span” of

virtualization

Can be file or LUN

virtualization

Implemented via redirector

or volume driver / special

HBA

SAN

Disk array

Disk array

M etadata Server(Asym m etrica l Solution)

S torage A bstraction

Heterogeneous Storage

LAN

Disk array

JBOD

P hysica lS torage

"owned" byM etadata

S erver

V irtua lized S torageP resented to

S ervers

Metadata Server

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Symmetric - SAN Storage Manager Abstraction of storage

(virtualization) called

“symmetrical pooling”

All I/O requests go through

storage manager

• similar to high-function cache disk

controller

• LUN “images” presented to

attached servers

SAN storage managers have

“domains” of storage they

control

Scaling by adding multiple

storage managers

SAN Storage Manager(S ym m etrica l S o lu tion)

S torage A bstraction

SAN

Disk array Disk array

Heterogeneous Storage

LAN

Disk arrayDisk array

Fabric / Direct Connect

Physical Storage"ow ned" by each

Domain

Virtualized StoragePresented to each

server as LUNs

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Symmetric – Switch Based

Also can use “special purpose hardware” – called an intelligent switch

Frame cracking• Maps to new LUN and address• Doesn’t require target mode

emulation• Specialized hardware with

advanced software added on processor blade

Can be used without fabric switch (SAN-in-a-box implementation)

Mapping controls either in switch processor blade or separate appliance

Special Purpose SANStorage M anager

(Intelligent Sw itch)

Disk array Disk array

LAN

Disk arrayDisk array

Data Frames areexamined and redirected

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Server

Distributed approach• Software on each server

• Layer in program stack

Examples: • VERITAS SANpoint with

Volume Manager

• HPQ Virtual Replicator

Hardware independent• Target to be operating

system independent

Availability Management

Data Protection

Data Access

Storage Virtualization

Storage Redundancy

Device Management

Discovery

Applications

Databases

Operating Systems

Network Layer

Host Computer

Storage Interconnect

Storage Aggregators

Storage Devices

SANDisk array

Disk array

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Storage System

Virtualization done internal to storage

system

• Allows dynamic creation / deletion of LUNs /

volumes

• Advanced features added

Based on virtualization

PIT copy, over commit of space

Value in reduced admin costs

PROPRIETARY solution

• Custom hardware, embedded code

• Operational changes typically required

• Smaller domain virtualization

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Virtualization SummaryVendor Product Name Basis Type EG Designation Availability

ADIC CentraVision File Asymmetric Metadata Server NowDataCore SANsymphony LUN Symmetric SAN Storage Mgr Now

DataDirect Networks Silicon Storage Appliance LUN Symmetric SAN Storage Mgr NowFalconStor IPStor LUN Symmetric SAN Storage Mgr Now

Hewlett Packard CASA LUN Symmetric SAN Storage Mgr NowHewlett Packard Virtual Array LUN Storage System Storage System Now

HPQ Enterprise Virtual Array LUN Storage System Storage System NowHPQ Versastor Executor LUN Symmetric SAN Storage Mgr 4Q03HPQ Virtual Replicator LUN Server-based Server Now

IBM Tivoli SANergy File Asymmetric Metadata Server NowIBM LodeStone LUN Symmetric SAN Storage Mgr 2003IBM Storage Tank File Asymmetric Metadata Server 2003

StoneFly Storage Concentrator LUN Symmetric SAN Storage Mgr NowStorageTek SVA LUN Storage System Storage System NowStoreAge Storage Virtualization Manager LUN Asymmetric Metadata Server NowTrueSAN Cloudbreak Virtualization LUN Asymmetric Metadata Server NowVERITAS ServPoint SAN Appliance LUN Symmetric SAN Storage Mgr NowVERITAS SANPoint Appliance LUN Asymmetric Metadata Server tbdVERITAS SANPoint Control LUN Server-based Server NowVERITAS SANPoint Direct File Server-based Server NowVERITAS Foundation Suite HA File Server-based Server Now

Vicom Storage Virtualization Engine LUN Symmetric SAN Storage Mgr NowXIOtech Magnitude LUN Storage System Storage System Now

3Par InServ LUN Storage System Storage System Now

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Storage Network Management

Application Management

Management Framework

Storage Resource Management

Storage Network Management

Virtualization

Policy

Managem

ent

Device Management

Also called SAN management

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Storage Network Management

Management of the storage network

• Discovery

• Topology visualization

• Performance reporting and management

• Storage network configuration management

• Controlling of data movement Remote copy 3rd party copy Migration Workload balancing

May include device management and other management

functions

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Topology Discovery

Kinds of SAN Devices to Discover• Disk and tape devices

Logical Unit Numbers (LUNs)• Switches and Directors• Routers and Bridges• Host Bus Adapters (HBAs)• Servers• Paths between devices on SAN

Each FC port or device has unique World Wide Name• Each manufacturer is assigned a specific range of WWNs

Each IP device has unique MAC address

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Discovery Methods

In-band (Fibre-channel)• Various MIBs

(Management Information Base)

• Various APIs

• Official standards

• Standards-in-practice

Out-of-band (Ethernet)• SNMP

• Vendor-specific (agents, etc.)

Servers

Clients

Disk array ATLJBOD

LAN

SAN switch

Ethernet

SAN

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Topology Management SAN discovery can be performed by:

• Servers

• Switches

When discovery is performed

• Full discovery is usually performed: At initialization of discovery manager Periodically (default time period usually customizable)

• Incremental discovery is usually performed: SAN component changes status SAN component is added or removed

• A database or repository is created

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Topology Management

Various solutions include some or all of:• Discovery• Topology views• Alerting (email, pager, console, SNMP)• Logical device grouping• Reporting• Performance analysis• Policy-based management• Equipment inventory

Pricing models• By server• By storage capacity• By SAN switch ports

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Storage Network Management

Requires information about network to be maintained

• Repository of data usually in a database

• Discovery fills in the information

• Database is key to management tools Interoperating Using same base of information Avoiding conflicts

Need APIs for integration with other management tools

• Integrity of access

• Coordination of information

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Storage Network Management Issue is where SAN management is done

• Computing element at the Fabric level

Combined with other function such as

virtualization – Combined SAN Management

Separate computing element – SAN Management

Appliance

• Distributed with a separate framework as a launch

vehicle on a designated management system

• Distributed across each server with cooperating

software

Different economic value and different operational

characteristics for each

Issue with integration with other management

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Storage Network Management

Vendor Solution

BMC Patrol Storage Network Manager

Computer Associates BrightStor SAN Manager

CreekPath AIM Suite

EMC SAN Manager

EMC VisualSAN Network Manager

Fujitsu Softek SANView

HP OpenView Storage Node Manager

InterSAN PathLine

McDATA SANavigator

Netreon SANexec Manager

Sun StorEdge Enterprise Storage Manager

Tivoli SAN Manager

TrueSAN CloudBreak

VERITAS SANpoint Control

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Storage Resource Management

Application Management

Management Framework

Storage Resource Management

Storage Network Management

Virtualization

Policy

Managem

ent

Device Management

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Storage Resource Management (SRM)

Central view of storage resources and their

usage

Measure and report storage

• Resource availability, capacity,

consumption, cost and performance

• Activity by user, file, server, application

• Capacity and consumption trends

Better usage of existing storage

Forecasting future storage purchases

Leverages skills of existing administrators

Manage business aspects of enterprise data storage

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Storage Resource Management (SRM)

Active Passive

Provisioning Monitoring

Business Continuance Reporting

Backup

Remote Copy

Database Management

Integration

Link to Database

Mgt

SRM software can be both active and passive

management

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Levels of SRM - Passive

Asset management – tracking physical storage assets

Capacity management – real-time and historical usage

Charge-back – for billing purposes, requires other

SRM data

Configuration management – configuration of hardware

& software

Event management – alerting and logging

Media management – tracking removable media

Performance analysis – real-time and historical

Quota / space management – tracking usage by user

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Levels of SRM - Active

Capacity management – provisioning based on policies

Event management – taking based events and

established policies

Business continuity management

• Backup and restore

• Remote copies for disaster tolerance

Migration – moving data from one location to another

Performance management – taking actions based on

QoS policies

Life-cycle data management – rules and schedules for

media, files, record retention, etc.

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Types of Data Typically Provided

Percent of storage capacity consumed by server

Capacity of storage consumed by file type (MP3, etc.)

“Vulnerable” files – no backup copy

“Wasted Space” – duplicate files

“Obsolete” files – not accessed in certain time period

“Orphan” files – creator of files no longer with company

Capacity growth trends by server, file system, user, etc.

Storage performance trends

One time and regularly scheduled reports

Some can examine application data (Oracle, Exchange)

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SRM Solutions by Operating SystemAIX HP-UX Linux

Main-

frameNetware Solaris Tru64

Win

NT/2000Win XP Other

Astrum •

BMC PATROL

C.A. BrightStor SRM

CreekPath AIM Suite

EMC StorageScope •

HP OpenView SAM

IBM Tivoli SRM

InterSAN Pathline

Storability

Sun StorEdge Resource

Mgmt

TrueSAN Cloudbreak •

VERITAS SANPoint

Control

can manage new acquisition • limited function

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SRM Directions Storage Management software maturing

towards:• Central package for all storage management

functions, feeding larger system managementframework

• Cross-platform (operating system)• Intelligent policies and integration help take application

and business oriented actions

Storage Management software will be completely hardware independent, and will outlive storage hardware choices

Tools moving from high concentration in the mainframe market towards even split with distributed systems

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Life-Cycle Data Management

Data Life and Location

• Defined time periods for creation, backup,

retention and deletion of data

• Move data to more appropriate storage based on

defined criteria

Data Security

• Integrity of data

• Prevent inadvertent or malicious changes

• Maintain data confidentiality

• Audit who has accessed data and what changes

(if any) were made

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Business Continuance Management

Backup / Restore

• Many reasons for backup/restore management

• Management from a variety of environments

• Automation

• Other issues

Point-in-time copy integration

Security for backed up data – encryption ?

Full volume vs. incremental – time to restore

Two stage backups – to disk and archive to tape

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Business Continuance Management Remote copy

• Business critical issue – may be legally required• Needs specific management – complex task

Automation Monitoring

• May be a variety of technologies employed Based on issues of cost, distance, business

requirements• Management controls

Typically software at a workstation/server to control hardware or software remote copy

Needs to have volume controls (enable/disable, etc.)

Needs to have “visibility” to remote systems Integration with application recovery, databases,

and other disaster recovery options

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Capacity Management

Reasons for Capacity Management

• Continue operations – not run out of capacity resource and

maximize resource utilization

• Project needs based on trends / new requirements

• Control (and charge) allocation of storage for individuals /

groups / applications

Monitoring based on consumption

Typically uses SRM tools

• Operate from workstation / server

• Data collected from various sources

• Reports / graphs based on changes over time

Automatic provisioning of storage based on criteria• Includes LUN expansion

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Performance Management

Performance management operation• Usually from workstation/server with point tools to gather

specific information from various sources• Project trends for decisions on future acquisitions or changes• Measure to monitor Service Level Agreement adherence• Management depends on data gathered – “If you can’t monitor

it, you can’t manage it”

Performance issues• Correlation of events from different components• Heterogeneous devices and systems

Must report the same information (no “transparent” devices)

Automation• Policies to automate actions based on exception/conditions

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Database Management Integration Often an optional component to SRM solution

Not designed to replace complete database administrator tools

provided by the database vendor, but to provide storage usage

information for storage administrators

Monitor size and usage of database specific items such as

database instances, tablespaces, datafiles, segments, extents

and redo logs

Collect data on storage space consumption and availability, block

size, I/O activity, backup status, owner information, free space

on raw devices, etc.

May be available for Oracle, Sybase, SQL Server, etc.

Currently a maturing area, not all products support all versions

of the database applications

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Email Application Integration Often an optional component to SRM solution

Not designed to replace complete email administrator tools provided by the email application vendor, but to provide storage usage information for storage administrators

Monitor capacity and utilization of email storage objects such as server store, folders, public and private mailboxes, etc.

May be able to identify stale messages, dormant mailboxes, etc.

May have linkage to backup products

May be available for specific versions of MS Exchange, Lotus Notes, etc.

Currently a maturing area, not all products support all versions of the email applications

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Management Framework

Application Management

Management Framework

Storage Resource Management

Storage Network Management

Virtualization

Policy

Managem

ent

Device Management

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Management Framework Frameworks for Enterprise IT management

• BMC Patrol• CA Unicenter• HP OpenView• Tivoli Enterprise Storage

These frameworks are now beginning to add storage management features – at varying maturity levels

Other (competing) storage management solutions feed these frameworks with storage-related data

Frameworks allow administrative staff one look and feel to systems management, reducing training and administrative costs across disparate operating systems

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Application Management

Application Management

Management Framework

Storage Resource Management

Storage Network Management

Virtualization

Policy

Managem

ent

Device Management

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Application Management

Manage applications rather than devices

• Group all files, servers, storage and related devices

into application group

• Monitor status of application and all its associated

resources

• Example: Payroll application

• Allows user to answer the question: “Did a particular

event affect the payroll application?”

• Moves toward business management rather than

computer device management

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Application Management

Integration with specific application management (eg – Oracle, Exchange, SAP, etc.)• Work seamlessly or as an exception?

• Use APIs with other tools

• Sets priorities / policies for other actions Capacity Performance Reporting

How is association between application and data accomplished is major issue

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Policy Management

Application Management

Management Framework

Storage Resource Management

Storage Network Management

Virtualization

Policy

Managem

ent

Device Management

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Policy Management Rules-based automated actions

• Regular schedule Backup Data collection Generate reports

• Events or thresholds Send alerts (email, pager, etc.) Execute external programs or scripts

(with passed parameters) Provision additional storage Extend file systems Grow databases Migrate data

• Pre-defined or canned policies Customizable policies “Best Practices”

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Policy Management

Issues for policy management –

• Does each storage management segment

need a separate set of policies?

• Can an overall policy drive each different

storage management software function?

• Is there an overall policy engine?

• Will this be coordinated between vendors?

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Device Management

Application Management

Management Framework

Storage Resource Management

Storage Network Management

Virtualization

Policy

Managem

ent

Device Management

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Device Management

Included in device

management:

• Configuration

• Monitoring Error alerts Status Performance information Historical information

• Maintenance / service

• Diagnosis

• Security

All devices have special management software Some can be managed by

other management software using vendor APIs

Must be able to be managed

Some vendors supply device management aggregation Manage multiple device of

same type (from same vendor) as single entity

Degree of aggregation varies considerably

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Device Management Switches / Directors

• Configuration Passwords for access State change

notification actions ISL and trunking Port configuration

controls Grouping of elements

into management domains

Firmware download and activation

IP address for out-of-band management

SNMP settings Switch name

Security Zoning – hard and soft Trusted switches – digital

certification for switch to switch connection

Secure communication – encrypting of control information

Management access controls – restrict access to IP address, device ports, WWN’s, management domains

Port binding – access control lists for secure fabric to storage connection to prevent spoofing

Frame filtering – per LUN, WWN, port ID

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Device Management

Storage systems• Configuration

Define logical devices – capacity, RAID level, groups

Define controller images – address, name

Configure host ports Specify host systems – identity

and allegiance to devices Add volumes, remove volumes,

reassign volumes to servers Establish communications – IP

addresses, user Ids, passwords Download and activate code Establish remote copy and

point-in-time copy controls

Security Establish authorization

levels for users Set up LUN masking

Monitoring Error logs Device status Configuration information Performance data

Other Licensed code management Remote copy and point-in-

time copy activities

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Device Management

Host bus adapters

• Configuration

Driver software

HBA firmware

LUN management

• Monitoring

Error reporting and status

Performance

• Companion failover and load balancing software

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Device Management Virtualization devices

• Configuration Planning for alternate paths from server, cluster path

access, dual paths to storage systems Create virtualized volumes – size (or dynamic) and

attributes based on storage used Identify and add application servers – assign virtual

volumes and priorities Set up caching controls and options if applicable Define storage domains with servers and storage Set up management console – IP address, users,

passwords Optional features (eg. Remote copy, local device

mirrors, 3rd party copy) Add / remove physical storage Maintenance and service – replacing elements in a SAN Download and activate code

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Device Management

Virtualization devices

• Security

Set up user privileges by storage domain

Password access

• Monitoring

Events and history

Status

Inventory of components (storage, switches, etc.)

Performance data – I/O’s (read/writes/host channel

/storage system), data rates, cache usage,

response times

• Other

Licensed code management

Feature activities (remote copies, etc.)

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Device Management

Others

• Need to be managed in same manner as other devices

• A “transparent” device is not manageable by storage

professional – dangerous

• A device managed by a different group has risks

• Device needs to log in to fabric

• Examples:

FCIP switches

iSCSI devices

iFCP devices

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Summary

Storage management for storage networking

is in early stages

• Integration very limited now

• Full value can’t be realized yet

• Will be coalescing

Still economic gains to be made

• Compelling economics

• Will continue to improve

Customers must choose carefully

• Roadmap or dead end?

• Long term support, enhancements

• Interoperability is key