hospital waste tor- draft (1)

8/10/2019 Hospital Waste TOR- Draft (1)

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TERMS OF

REFERENCEMBA PROJECT 2014

ENGRO POLYMER

CHEMICALS LIMITE

HOSPITAL WASTE

MANAGEMENT

Group MembersSadaf IjazSharjeelAwaisAimunShahabMujtabaMansoor

M. Usman Kamran


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Table of Contents

Introduction......................................................................................................................................2

Engro Polymer & Chemicals Limited.........................................................................................2

Purpose of the Research...............................................................................................................2

Plastic Recycling Industry...........................................................................................................3

Obecti!es........................................................................................................................................"

Phase #$ Local %aret 'nalysis................................................................................................."

Phase 2$ International (est Practices and (enchmaring...........................................................)

Phase 3$ Conclusions & Recommendations................................................................................*

%ethodology....................................................................................................................................+

Phase #$ Local %aret 'nalysis.................................................................................................+

Phase 2$ International best practices and benchmaring............................................................+

Phase 3$ Recommendations.........................................................................................................+

Proect ,imeline...............................................................................................................................-

'dditional Clauses.........................................................................................................................#

E/pectations & Responsibilities................................................................................................#

Proect (udget...........................................................................................................................#2


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Introduction

Engro Pol!er " C#e!icals $i!ited

Engro Polymer & Chemicals Limited started off a oint !enture bet0een Engro Chemical 1"4

'sahi 5lass Company 13 and %itsubishi Corporation 12.In 2)4 'sahi 5lass di!ested

its share from the business and Engro Chemical ac6uired its shareholding. ,he name of the

company 0as changed to Engro Polymer & Chemicals Limited.

Engro Polymer & Chemicals Limited o0ns the only fully integrated Chlor78inyl chemical

comple/ in Paistan. It is in!ol!ed in the manufacturing4 mareting and distribution of 6ualityChlor78inyl allied products and P8C under brand name 9:'(;C and 8C%4 Engro Polymer & Chemicals Limited is also the

sole manufacturer of P8C resin in Paistan.

Pur%ose of t#e Researc#

CoreOb&ecti'e

To study the informal and formal hospital waste management practices in Karachi, understand

current recycling practice of hospital plastic waste in particular and recommend best practices

for the clean disposal of hospital waste and recycling options for hospital plastic waste.

,he primary product of Engro Polymer &Chemicals is P8C suspension resin and is an essential

ra0 material for manufacture of P8C plastic. Recycling of scrap plastic 1both imported and

local to e/tract !inyl chloride reduces the demand for Engro


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,he obecti!e of this research can be di!ided into follo0ing$

Estimate the amount of hospital 0aste generated and its composition

:tudy the current hospital 0aste management techni6ues practiced in state o0ned and

pri!ate hospitals

:tudy the recycling process of the 9informal< hospital plastic 0aste

:tudy the capability of the current incineration facilities and suggest financially feasible

alternati!es to reduce illegal recycling of hospital 0aste by studying global best practices

Bith the help of concrete facts and insights from this study4 Engro Polymer hopes to 0or 0ith

the go!ernment to tighten and enforce the rules and regulations dealing 0ith hospital 0aste

management in Paistan thereby not only reducing the amount of infectious hospital plastic

0aste being sold and recycled but also increasing the demand for Engro


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In Paistan4 recycling of plastic largely belongs to the informal sector of the economy. It is

estimated that 37? plastic 0aste generated in the country is collected and recycled 12#2. It

primarily thri!es on thousands of sca!engers or rag7picers 0ho pic and sort out 0aste plastic

items from household4 industrial and hospital 0aste dumps and land fill sites. In the absence of

formal 0aste management practices and o!er utiliAation of municipal machineries4 such acti!ities

ha!e been e/panding uncheced. It has been reported that municipal authorities4 landfill site

managers and police themsel!es are in!ol!ed in hiring these rag picers and charging them on a

daily basis for permits to sca!enge in their areas ,he rag picers then sell the plastic 0aste to

0holesale scrap marets such as :hershah4 arachi and :hahdara %aret in Lahore and the :%E

plastic product manufacturers procure the scrap plastic for their manufacturing process.

'ccording to an article in Paistan ,oday 1eb 2#24 + manufacturing units purchase used

syringes and discarded plastic bags and after reprocessing sell it to suppliers for a handsome

profit.

'dditionally4 Paistan has become a dumping ground for haAardous plastic scrap and 0aste from

around the 0orld mostly %iddle East and European countries. 'ccording to an article in >aily

,imes 1@o! 2#34 -2 tons of plastic scrap has been imported and dumped into Paistan

bet0een 2##7 Oct 2#3.Imported scrap plastic includes se0erage pipes4 medical and clinical

plastic 0aste4 cable linings4 bottle and food containers. ,his haAardous and to/ic plastic is

recycled and used to manufacture 0ater pipes to supply 0ater to households and other daily use

products thus putting li!es of citiAens at ris.

In 2#34 %inistry of Commerce con!ened a meeting under the orders of Lahore =igh Court 0ith

En!ironmental Protection >epartments of :indh and Punab 5o!ernments4 ederal (oard of

Re!enue4 Engro Polymer & Chemicals Ltd and Polymer Baste Importers and Recycler

'ssociation to 0or on tightening the rules and regulations on plastic imports. Considering the

gra!ity of the situation4 (R decided to allo0 import of scrap plastic according to a fi/ed 6uota

and only for those companies 0hich are registered 0ith Paistan :tandards and Fuality Control

'uthority 1P:FC' and also 0ith the En!ironmental Protection 'gency4 upon the permission of

the %inistry of Climate inspection team.


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Ob&ecti'es

P#ase 1( $ocal Mar)et Analsis

,he first obecti!e of our study 0ould be to conduct a local maret analysis on hospital 0aste

specifically plastic 0aste and its management. ,his analysis 0ill include the follo0ing$

Identification of si*e+ 'olu!e of #os%ital ,aste

Research 0ill be carried out to identify the siAeG!olume of the total solid 0aste generated in

arachi4 Paistan. ,he solid 0aste is generated through multiple sources including residential4

industrial4 institutional4 commercial4 municipal ser!ices etc.

,his solid 0aste 0ill then be narro0ed do0n to the hospital 0aste. ' broad classification of solid

0aste generated from hospitals has been made 0ith respect to general and infectious 0aste.

5eneral 0aste include itchen 0aste4 food lefto!ers4 garden 0aste4 debris4 s0eepings of

the premises4 paper4 pacing4 cardboard4 tins4 glass4 H7ray sheets4 plastic bags4 caps etc.

Infectious 0aste include disposable syringes glucoseGde/trose bags4 plastic bottles4 glass

bottles4 glass culets4 urine bags4 bloods bags4 infusion sets4 bandages4 dressings4 blood4

pus4 tissues4 organs4 empty glass !ialsGampoulesGneedles4 e/pired and unused medicines

etc.

T%e of %lastic ,aste

's far as our proect is concerned 0e 0ill determine the 6uantity and character of haAardous

medical 0astes generated by hospitals and clinics particularly plastic 0aste. ,his plastic 0aste

includes syringes4 plastic bags consisting of blood bags4 glucose bags4 urine bags and other

dripsGmedication. Bith the bags4 the accessories include plastic tubing4 control s0itches4

catheters4 etc. 5enerally this 0aste is not segregated from other 0aste and is put in the litter bo/.

,he sanitation staffs segregates and collects this 0aste and sells it to the ha0ers 0hen

accumulated in good 6uantity. ,he plastic bottles in good condition are 0ashed and reused. ,he

plastic bottles are often reutiliAed or bought by the small !endorsGmanufacturersGsuppliers that

fill their o0n product 0ith a ne0 sticerGlabel. ,he broen or damaged plastic bottles are

crushedGshredded and DdanaD 1beadGresin is made 0hich is then sold to companies that are

in!ol!ed in maing P8C pipes.


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Current usage+ dis%osal tec#ni-ues

urthermore4 our proect 0ill also co!er the current usage and disposal techni6ues and the

conse6uences that each of these disposal techni6ue has on health as 0ell as en!ironment. '

common practice by the hospitals is to dump their 0aste openly inside or outside the hospital

premises prior to off7site transportation by the municipality !ehicles4 0hich is on daily or 0eely

basis. 'ccording to a study4 9=ospital Baste %anagement in the ,eaching =ospitals of arachi

hospital waste tor- draft (1)

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