HOTEL

HOSTEL

HOSPITAL

HOSPITAL

DEFINITION

HOSPITAL IS AN INSTITUTION FOR THE CARE, CURE, AND TREATMENT OF THE SICK AND WOUNDED, FOR THE STUDY OF DISEASES AND FOR THE TRAINING DOCTORS AND NURSES.

(STEADMAN’S MEDICAL DICTIONARY)

PHILOSOPHY

To maintain the highest quality of services of curative, restorative and preventive services to all persons who seek its services.

To render high standard of patient care in all functional areas of the hospital.

Commitment to research in patient care, educational training and management.

Commitments as screening and referral centre for patient suffering from particularly complex health problem

OBJECTIVES

Provide optimum health services Provide care, cure, preventive service. Protect the human rights of clients. Provide training for professionals. Provide in-service/continuing education

in all discipline professional technical personnel.

Participate/conduct research

SCOPE OF HOSPITAL

TEAM APPROACH

CONTENTS OF SERVICE

CO-ORDINATION

CONTINUITY OF CARE

EVALUATION AND RESEARCH.

FUNCTIONS

Patient care Diagnosis and treatment of disease Out-patient services Medical Education and training Medical and nursing research Prevention of disease and promotion

of health

CLASSIFICATION OF HOSPITAL Length of stay of patient

Clinical basis.

Ownership/control basis

Objectives

Size

Management

System of medicine.

Length of stay of patient (long-term and short-term)

Clinical basis (general)`

According to OWNERSHIP/CONTROL. Public Hospitals

Run by the central or state governments or local bodies on noncommercial lines.

General hospital or specialised hospitals or both. Voluntary Hospitals

Established and incorporated under the Societies Registration Act 1860; or Public Trust Act 1882 or any other appropriate act of central or state governments.

Run with public or private funds Private Nursing hospitals/Nursing Homes

Generally owned by an individual doctor or a group of doctors.

Run the hospital or nursing home on a commercial basis. Corporate Hospitals

Hospitals which are public limited companies formed under the companies act.

Run on commercial lines. They can be either general or specialised or both (e.g. Hinduja hospital, Apollo Group of Hospitals).

According to the Objectives

Teaching-cum -Research Hospital College is attached for medical/ nursing/dental/pharmacy education.

Main objective is teaching based on research and the provision of health care is secondary, e.g. AIIMS, D Y PATAIL HOSPITAL.

General HospitalsProvide treatment for common diseases and conditions.

Provide active medical and nursing care for more than one category of medical discipline such as general medicine, general surgery, obstetrics and gynaecology, paediatrics etc.

Main objective is to provide medical care, teaching and research is secondary and incidental, e.g. PHC or rural hospitals.

Specialised HospitalsProvide medical and nursing care primarily for only one discipline or a specific disease or condition of one system.

Concentrate on a particular aspect or organ of the body and provide medical and nursing care in that field, e.g. tuberculosis, ENT, ophthalmology, Orthopedics, Pediatrics, cardiology, mental health/psychiatric oncology, STDs, maternal etc.

Isolation HospitalsPersons suffering from Infections/communicable disease requiring isolation of the patients, e.g. Epidemic Diseases Hospital, Bangalore.

According to Size TEACHING HOSPITAL 500 BEDS

DISTRICT HOSPITAL 200 BEDS

TALUKA HOSPITAL 50 BEDS

PRIMARY HEALTH CENTRE 10 BEDS

According to Management UNION GOVERNMENT/GOVERNMENT OF INDIA.

STATE GOVERNMENTS

LOCAL BODIES

AUTONOMOUS BODIES

PRIVATE

VOLUNTARY AGENCIES

According to System Allopathic hospitals

Ayurvedic hospitals

Homeopathic hospitals

Unani hospitals

Hospitals of other systems of medicine.

FACTORS INFLUENCING HOSPITAL UTILISATION

AVAILABILITY OF BEDS

METHODS OF PAYMENT FOR HOSPITAL SERVICES

AGE OF THE POPULATION

SERVICE COVERAGE AND BED DISTRIBUTION

AVAILABILITY OF EXTRAMURAL MEDICAL SERVICES

HOSPITAL ‘BOTTLENECKS”

MEDICAL CUSTOMS AND SOCIAL PATTERNS

SUPPLY OF PHYSICIANS

Research and Training

Existence of Proprietary Hospitals

Housing

Morbidity

Internal Organisation

SUMMARY

CONCLUSION