honeybee democracy how a bunch of tiny-brained bees achieves a high collective iq
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Honeybee Democracy how a bunch of tiny-brained bees achieves a high collective IQ. Tom Seeley Neurobiology & Behavior Cornell University. Bert!. Ed!. Portal, Arizona 1974. Estabrook Woods, Massachusetts 1975. Martin Lindauer, Karl von Frisch, and students. KvF. ML. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Honeybee Democracy how a bunch of tiny-brained bees
achieves a high collective IQ
Tom SeeleyNeurobiology &
BehaviorCornell
University
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Estabrook Woods, Massachusetts 1975
Portal, Arizona 1974
Bert! Ed!
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Forstenrieder Park, Munich ca. 1952
Martin Lindauer, Karl von Frisch, and students
ML KvF
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Martin Lindauer, bee observer extraordinaire
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One 16-hour “debate”: 11 sites, 149 scout bees
Seeley and Buhrman (1999) Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 45:19-31.
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One 16-hour “debate”: 11 sites, 149 scout bees
Bees have a democratic process for choosing a
new home!
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How does honeybee democracy work?
1974-1978, 1997-2009(with
collaborators)
Some special tricks of the bees:
1.Decision = reaching a quorum, not a consensus
2.E pluribus unum by means of quorum responses
3.Blending interdependence and independence.
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Special Trick #1: Use quorum sensing, not consensus
sensing
Bees build a consensus, but they use it for implementing, not making, their collective
decision
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Dynamics on swarm cluster and at nest sites
during swarm decision making
Quorum of scout bees at one site
Consensus among scout bees at swarm
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Summary of a swarm’s decision-making process
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Decision-making = seeing which option accumulates sufficient
evidence first
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
Time
No. of scout bees
Selected nest box
Nonselected nest box
Monkey brain
Bee swarm
Quorum (threshold)
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Special Trick # 2: Quickly build a consensus by means
of quorum responses
QR = sharp change in response probability when a threshold
group size is exceeded
probability of
response
Quorum respons
e
Linear respons
e
Sumpter and Pratt (2008) Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B 364:743-753.
No. of individuals in group
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Two quorum responses that speed up consensus formation
1. Scouts from site with quorum start producing piping signals on swarm. Effects:
-- non-scouts warm up
-- “losing” scouts give up
2. Scouts from site with quorum start producing stop signals on swarm. Effect:
-- scouts advertising losing sites stop dancing (?)
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Active inhibition (!) of bees still advertising non-
chosen sites
Consensus formation is accelerated (evidently) by special inhibition
processes
New!
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Special Trick # 3: Blending interdependence
and independenceInterdependence: • bees perform dances, share information• recruitment creates positive feedback Independence: • bees don’t slavishly copy dances they follow; make own assessment of site and only then dance (or not)• personal assessment prevents info cascade about inferior site
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Variable interdependenc
e,
Full independence
(no mimicking)
High interdependence
(0.8)
Variable independence
(0-1)
List, Elsholtz, and Seeley (2009). Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B 364:755-762.
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Swarm Smarts (lessons about good group
decision-making)• Use open and free debate: a
powerful means of aggregating info that is dispersed across a group.
• Use quorum sensing: a means of getting the right balance between speed and accuracy.
• Use quorum responses: a means of eventually achieving consensus, if needed.
• Blend public discussion (interdependence) with private evaluation (independence): a means of avoiding amplifications of poor information
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Honeybee Democrac
y
Princeton University Press 2010
Contents
1 Introduction 2 Life in a Honeybee Colony 3 Dream Home for Honeybees 4 Scout Bees’ Debate 5 Agreement on Best Site 6 Building a Consensus 7 Initiating the Move to New Home 8 Steering the Flying Swarm 9 Swarm as Cognitive Entity10 Swarm Smarts
“Second Edition” of my PhD thesis