homework: none frontpage: nnign inanimate objects with secret inner lives
TRANSCRIPT
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Homework: None
FrontPage: NNIGN
Inanimate Objects With Secret Inner Lives
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China’s Earliest Civilizations
The Shang and Zhou Dynasties
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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ylWORyToTo4
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The Shang (1700 – 1027BC)
Is the first known group in the region to meet the characteristics of a civilization..
Agriculture?
Cities?
Government?
Social Classes?
Religion?
Written Language?
Trade?
Specialized Skills?
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The Shang Dynasty
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Oracle Bones
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Lost City of Shang
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Why did the Shang Dynasty fall? Invaded by the Zhou in 1027
– Traditional Chinese history says that the Zhou were able to take over the Shang because the Shang had degenerated morally
• Also, war, floods and famine were signs that the rulers needed to be replaced.
– Part of this belief may have been caused by the Zhou themselves, who are credited with the idea of the Mandate of Heaven.
• The Zhou used this idea to validate their takeover and subsequent ruling of the former Shang kingdom.
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Mandate of Heaven Belief that the gods give a ruler his power
– People owe their loyalty, and in return the ruler must maintain order and stability
When the rulers are corrupt or not maintaining order, the gods will indicate that they need to be replaced– Natural disasters, invasions, peasant rebellions may
occur**All indicate it is time for a change in the leadership
Many constant changes in dynasties occur in Chinese history because of this– This constant change of rulers/dynasties as each
loses the Mandate of Heaven is called…
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Explains rise/fall of ruling dynasties in Chinese history…
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Zhou Dynasty
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Zhou Dynasty (1027-476 BC) Divided into different time periods, the last of which
is the most important– Western, Spring/Autumn, and Warring States
Western period (1027 – 770)– Capital located in the west – time after the defeat of the Shang
Spring and Autumn period (770 – 476)– Forced to move east after king killed during attacks by
northern barbarians– During this time, the Zhou emperor steadily lost power due
to the realization by the feudal lords that he was not powerful and could be beaten, which had been proven by the defeat in the west.
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Warring States period (475– 220 BC) So named because of the power
struggle between the large states of China that were trying to gain control over the entire area.– This was a chaotic time, leads
people to look for order and stability in their lives
– Encourages belief systems that promote these ideas
This time period is also considered the “classical age”, as it was a time of great philosophers.
3 schools of thought developed during this time.
• Confucianism, Taoism, and Legalism
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Review Which group invaded and conquered the Shang in 1027? The belief that heaven gives a ruler the right to rule is
known as… What two different indicators showed that ruler had lost
the “Mandate of Heaven”? The constant change of ruling families in Chinese
history is known as the… During which period in Zhou history did a power
struggle occur between large states of China? What 3 philosophies emerged during this period?