homestead production systems: enhanced productivity for food security in south bangladesh and west...
Upload: international-water-management-institute-iwmi-cgiar-water-land-and-ecosystems-program
Post on 27-Jun-2015
153 views
DESCRIPTION
Revitalizing the Ganges Coastal Zone Conference 21-23 October 2014, Dhaka, Bangladesh http://waterandfood.org/ganges-conference/TRANSCRIPT
Homestead production systems: enhanced productivity for food
security in South Bangladesh and West Bengal, India
! 35% and 34% of the rural population fell below the national rural poverty line in 2010 in Bangladesh and India, respectively
! 80% and 59% of farming households in Bangladesh and WB having access to less than 0.5 ha of productive land
! Increase in food production in Ganges delta through intensification for future food supply is crucial
! HFS have been promoted for income and home consumption across the countries, less attention has been given to these systems in more challenged coastal deltaic regions
! Much research has focused on field crops, but less on homestead farming system.
Background with rationale
Objec'ves: The major objec'ves of the study were to compare between southern Bangladesh and West Bengal – • socio-‐economy • homestead farming systems (HFS) • HFS contribu'on to household income & consump'on • iden'fy priority research needs
Key research questions
1. Does Homestead Farming System contribute to food security?
2. Is there any links between increased produc@on and consump@on?
3. Are there any differences between SWB and WB in terms of HFS and associated livelihoods ?
4. Can these systems be further improved sustainably? 5. What are the development challenges for such improvement?
Study areas
Households surveyed
Country Region Water Salinity (ppt) Number of households (HH)
Bangladesh
Polder 43 Low (00-05) 320
Polder 30 Moderate (00-10) 338
Polder 3 High (05-25) 461
Total 1,119
India
Block Kakdwip Low (00-05) 120
Block Namkhana Moderate (00-10) 120
Sandeshkhali I Moderate (00-10) 120
Sandeshkhali II Moderate (00-10) 120
Block Sagar High (05-25) 240
Total 720
Land ownership pattern
Total land (field +homestead) Homestead land
Ratio of homestead to field land
Major occupation (by income)
Bangladesh West Bengal
Labor Agriculture Small Business Betel Cul'va'on Van/Rickshaw puller Job Aquaculture Others Fisherman Teacher Carpenter Driver Masonry
Self sufficiency in food with own products (HFS+Field)
<1 <1
Annual household income (median, US$) from off farm, field crop, homestead aquaculture and homestead non-aquaculture
sources by region
Region n off farm Field Homestead Aqua
Homestead Non-‐Aqua Total US$
Polder-‐3 456 730 420 78 174 1,136 Polder-‐30 336 533 365 69 249 1,050 Polder-‐43 314 640 344 58 139 1,028 Bangladesh 1106 667 381 70 176 1,079 Kakdwip 103 1000 556 307 11 1,796 Namkhana 105 889 311 200 53 1,468 Sagar 227 889 267 140 51 1,476 Sandeshkhali-‐1 109 1433 333 144 NA 1,753 Sandeshkhali-‐11 108 1452 344 326 111 1,794 India 652 1103 333 180 44 1,622 All 1758 800 357 116 93 1,304
Homestead Total (aqua +non-aqua in $): BD 246, WB 224
3 meals per day
Homestead Farming Components
Homestead products
Prod
uctio
n (K
g/H
H)
0
50
100
150
200
250
Poultry meat (kg)
Poultry egg (n)
Fish (kg) Prawn (Kg) Dairy milk (liter)
Livestock Meat (kg)
Vegetables (Kg)
Fruits (Kg)
Bangladesh West Bengal
Correlation between production and consumption
-‐0.2
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
Fruits Poultry egg Fish Vegetables Poultry meat Dairy milk
Correla'
on sc
ore (r)
Bangladesh
West Bengal
Major constraints & challenges for improvement of aquaculture
Perc
enta
ge
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Bangladesh
West Bengal
Major Constraints & challenges for improvement of non-aquaculture
Perc
enta
ge
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Bangladesh
West Bengal
Productivity by different salinity
High Saline Moderate Saline Low Saline
Land
are
a (h
a)
Key messages ! Increasing awareness on the importance of HFS for food and nutritional security in
West Bengal ! Focus more on creating aquaculture resources in Bangladesh (e.g. WISH Pond) ! Women can get more involved if we can make technology gender responsive ! Investment to develop production technologies with saline tolerant species is
needed in both countries ! Participatory action research is being carried out in both the countries to increase
productivity of HFS and develop local level innovation for farming system intensification