Homeostasis and Cells

• smallest unit of a living thing considered to be alive

• highly organized (structures with specific functions)

• 200 different types in humans

Unicellular -

______ cell

Multicellular

– more than

one cell

one

Unicellular

• perform all roles to stay alive and keep species going

(including homeostasis)

•Unicellular organisms outnumber _______________ organisms

• all prokaryotes (kingdoms archaebacteria and eubacteria) and

many eukaryotes of kingdoms protista and fungi are unicellular

Lactobacillus – a eubacteria

Paramecium – a protist

Yeast – a fungi

Green algae – a protist

Methanogens – an archaebacteria

multicellular

Multicellular Organisms

-they have more than one cells, usually

many cells

- sometimes trillions

-Many protists, fungi, and all plantae and

animaliae kingdoms

muscle cells

Cell _________________ – Cells perform specific functions for organisms

Cells must communicate and cooperate to

achieve homeostasis

panting to get rid of body heat

Homeostasis – maintaining a stable

internal environment

Specialization

Examples of specialized cells: Animals

Red blood cells – transport __________

Pancreatic cells – make proteins to

digest food

Muscle cells – movement

Plants Guard cells – change shape to regulate

gas exchange

_________ cells – form into tubes for

transporting food

Xylem cells – form into tubes for

transporting water

oxygen

Phloem

Levels of

Organization:

Evolutionary Trends (Simple to Complex)

Specialized Cells

Tissues

Organs

Organ Systems

Specialized Cells

brain cells onion skin cells red blood cells

Animals Have 4 Tissue Types (similar cells grouped together to perform

common ________________)

Muscle tissue –

muscle cells

working together

to move the body

functions

Animals Have 4 Tissue Types

Epithelial tissue -

______ cells that

together cover the

body

skin

Animals Have 4 Tissue Types

Nervous tissue

– cells forming

brain, nerve

cord, nerves,

and sensory

receptors

Animals Have 4 Tissue Types

Connective tissue

– cells forming

skeleton, tendons,

ligaments,

cartilage, and

blood; holds

things together in

the body

Organs Two or more tissues working together

heart lungs

liver kidneys

Organ Systems – “body systems” Group of _________ working together

circulatory system muscular system

organs