NEW ZEALAND’S FIRST WORLD WAR CENTENARY 2014-2019

MARKING THE 100TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE BATTLE FOR CHUNUK BAIRNATIONAL COMMEMORATION PUKEAHU NATIONAL WAR MEMORIAL PARK, WELLINGTON, 8 AUGUST 2015

WW100.govt.nz

Photo: Dawn on the Apex, 8 August 1915. W. A. Hampton Collection, National Army Museum Te Mata Toa, Waiouru.

THE BATTLE FOR CHUNUK BAIRThe achievement of New Zealand troops in seizing and holding Chunuk Bair against fierce Ottoman Turkish opposition on the 8th and 9th of August 1915 is an epic story of courage and determination. Like the overall Gallipoli campaign, however, it ultimately ended in a costly defeat.

The attack was part of the August Offensive, an attempt to capture the heights of the Sari Bair range and achieve a decisive breakthrough in the deadlocked campaign. The plan was complicated and ambitious: on the night of 6/7 August, while the Australians made a diversionary attack on Lone Pine, two columns made up of New Zealand, British and Indian troops would advance up the Sari Bair range and capture the three key high points of Chunuk Bair, Hill Q and Hill 971. Then, at dawn, these troops would attack Battleship Hill and Baby 700 from the rear while Australian troops attacked across The Nek from Russell’s Top.

The operation started well, as men of the New Zealand Mounted Rifles Brigade and the Maori Contingent successfully cleared a path through the vital foothills. But by the time the Mounted Rifles secured their objectives, the attack was already several hours behind schedule. From that point on, the plan began to fall apart. The assaulting columns, which included the New Zealand Infantry Brigade, lost their way in the darkness and rugged terrain. It was daylight before the New Zealanders reached their intended rendezvous on Rhododendron Spur, below Chunuk Bair.

At 10.30 a.m. the Auckland Battalion attacked Chunuk Bair, only to be cut down by Turkish fire. The commander of the Wellington Battalion, Lieutenant-Colonel William Malone, objected to a further daylight attack and insisted on waiting until night. Malone, a tough but respected commander from Taranaki who regularly put himself on the line for the welfare of his men, had emerged as one of the outstanding leaders at Gallipoli.

The Wellington Battalion, together with British troops, occupied Chunuk Bair before dawn on 8 August. With sunrise came a barrage of fire from Turks holding higher ground to the north. A desperate struggle to hold the exposed summit ensued. It was not until after dark that the Otago Battalion and the Wellington Mounted Rifles arrived to reinforce the 70 Wellington Battalion men (out of the original 760) who were still holding the line. Malone had been killed, probably by an Allied shell, at about 5 p.m. The New Zealanders were relieved on the night of 9/10 August by British battalions, but these were soon swept away by a massive counter-attack led by Mustafa Kemal (who was later to become the founding President of Turkey). The Sari Bair offensive had ended

2

in failure, and only resolute defence by the New Zealanders on Rhododendron Ridge prevented the Turks from advancing further.

A New Zealand memorial stands on the summit of Chunuk Bair. It commemorates 853 New Zealanders who have no known grave.

ORDER OF SERVICEThe Arrival

The Honourable Chris Finlayson QC, Attorney-General, the Honourable Maggie Barry ONZM, Minister for Arts, Culture & Heritage, and Aziz Sevi, Chargé d’Affaires a.i., Embassy of the Republic of Turkey, arrive and are welcomed by:

Rear Admiral David Ledson ONZM (Rtd) Chair, National War Memorial Advisory Council

Paul James Chief Executive Ministry for Culture and Heritage

Lieutenant General Tim Keating MNZM Chief of Defence Force and Mrs Brenda Keating

The Official Party is escorted up the steps to the Tomb of the Unknown Warrior

Karanga

Karanga by June Jackson MNZM, supported by Peter Jackson, Taranaki Whānui, as the Official Party proceeds up the steps to the Tomb

Respects paid at the Tomb of the Unknown Warrior

Whakamaharatanga, the Remembrance Bell, is tolled four times as members of the Official Party pay their respects at the Tomb of the Unknown Warrior

The Official Party is then escorted back down the steps to the VIP seating area

Introduction

Chaplain Class 1 Lance Lukin QHC OStJ JPPrincipal Defence Chaplain

3

Please standColour is marched on

The Guidon of Queen Alexandra’s Mounted Rifles is marched on

Please be seated

Welcome

The Honourable Maggie Barry ONZMMinister for Arts, Culture & Heritage

Prologue

Rear Admiral David Ledson ONZM (Rtd)Chair, National War Memorial Advisory Council

Address

The Honourable Chris Finlayson QCAttorney-General

Choral Interlude

Chilton St James School Seraphim Choir performs Sons of Gallipoli by Father Chris Skinner

Cyril Bassett Victoria Cross citation

Recited by George Barton, Wellington College (Wellington regional winner of 2015 RNZRSA Cyril Bassett VC Speech Competition)

First reading

Colonel Bill Nathan (Rtd), formerly of the 7th Battalion, Wellington and Hawkes Bay Regiment, delivers a reading in recognition of the role of Maori troops at Chunuk Bair, in battle for the first time under the New Zealand flag

Excerpt from the diary of Rikihana Carkeek, Māori Contingent, Sunday 8 August 1915

Source: Home Little Māori Home: a memoir of the Māori Contingent, Rikihana Carkeek, Tōtika Publications, Wellington, 2003

4

Choral Interlude

Chilton St James School Seraphim Choir performs Po Atarau

Second reading

Aziz Sevi, Chargé d’Affaires a.i., Embassy of the Republic of Turkey, delivers the second reading

Excerpt from the book A Conversation with Anafartalar Commander Mustafa Kemal by Ruşen Eşref Ünaydin, published by the Turkish Ministry of Culture

Call to Worship

Principal Defence Chaplain Lance Lukin

Laying of Wreaths

Wreaths are laid by the following:

The Honourable Chris Finlayson QC Attorney-Generalon behalf of the Government and People of New Zealand

Grant Robertson MPon behalf of the Leader of the Opposition

Aziz SeviChargé d’Affaires, a.i., Embassy of the Republic of Turkeyon behalf of the Government and People of the Republic of Turkey

Her Excellency Dr Anne-Marie SchleichAmbassador of the Federal Republic of Germanyon behalf of the Government and People of the Federal Republic of Germany

Her Excellency Zehra AkbariHigh Commissioner for Pakistanon behalf of the Government and People of Pakistan

His Excellency Jonathan SinclairBritish High Commissioneron behalf of the Government and People of the United Kingdom and Northern Ireland

5

His Excellency Mario BotCanadian High Commissioneron behalf of the Government and People of Canada

Agnes HamiltonChargé d’Affaires a.i., Embassy of Franceon behalf of the Government and People of France

Sandeep SoodHead of Chancery, High Commission of Indiaon behalf of the Government and People of India

Group Captain John DavidsonDefence Adviser, Australian High Commissionon behalf of the Government and People of Australia

Celia Wade-BrownHer Worship the Mayor of Wellingtonon behalf of the City of Wellington

Lieutenant General Tim Keating MNZMChief of Defence Forceon behalf of the New Zealand Defence Force

Barry Clark QSM JPNational PresidentRoyal New Zealand Returned and Services’ Association

Hemaima Makere Rikihanatogether with Mari Margarita Kocamahhulrepresenting the youth of New Zealand and Turkey

During the wreath laying the RNZAF Band will play reflective music

Please stand

6

National Anthems

The RNZAF Band plays the National Anthems of the Republic of Turkey and New Zealand

Istiklal Marsi

“Fear not! For the crimson flag that proudly waves in these dawns shall never fade,Before the last fiery hearth that is ablaze within my homeland burns out.And that is the star of my people, and it will forever shine;It is mine; and solely belongs to my nation.

Frown not, I beseech you, oh thou coy crescent! But smile upon my heroic nation! Why the anger, why the rage? Our blood that we shed for you will not be worthy otherwise;For freedom is the absolute right of my God-worshipping nation.”

God Defend New Zealand

“E Ihowā Atua,O ngā iwi mātou rāĀta whakarangona;Me aroha noaKia hua ko te pai;Kia tau tō atawhai;Manaakitia maiAotearoa”

“God of Nations at Thy feet,In the bonds of love we meet,Hear our voices, we entreat,God defend our free landGuard Pacific's triple starFrom the shafts of strife and war,Make her praises heard afar,God defend New Zealand”

7

8

THE COMMEMORATIONPrayer

The Principal Defence Chaplain offers a final prayer

Lament

We Will Remember Them is played by the Piper, Flight Sergeant Murray Mansfield RNZAF

Firing party

Three volleys are fired during the playing by the RNZAF Band of the hymn Abide with me

The Ode

Recited by Warrant Officer Class 1 Zac Davis RNZSIGS:

"E kore rātou e kaumaatuatiaPēnei i a tātou kua mahue neiE kore hoki rātou e ngoikoreAhakoa pēhea i ngā āhuatanga o te wāI te hekenga atu o te rāTae noa ki te aranga mai i te ataKa maumahara tonu tātou ki a rātou"

Response: "Ka maumahara tonu tātou ki a rātou"

Recited by Lieutenant Colonel Lisa Ferris NZALS:

"They shall grow not old as we that are left grow old Age shall not weary them, nor the years condemnAt the going down of the sun and in the morning We will remember them"

Response: "We will remember them"

Please remain standing

One minute's silence

9

Four New Zealand officers at the Apex near Chunuk Bair, Gallipoli, in late 1915. Wairarapa Archive, 08-165/1

10

The Last Post

The RNZAF Band plays Nightfall in Camp including The Last Post. All uniformed personnel salute

The flags of the Republic of Turkey and New Zealand are lowered for the day

Colour is marched off

The Guidon of Queen Alexandra’s Mounted Rifles is marched off

Ceremony concludes

The Principal Defence Chaplain concludes the ceremony

The ADS (Advanced Dressing Station) of No 1 Field Ambulance in the gully of Chailek Dere between Table Top and Rhododendron Ridge, Gallipoli, 1915. Image courtesy of the New Zealand National Army Museum, accession number: 1992.760

11

This National Commemorative Service was arranged by the Visits and Ceremonial Office, Department of Internal Affairs, in partnership with the WW100 Programme Office, Ministry for Culture and Heritage, Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade (Protocol Division), the New Zealand Defence Force, and the Royal New Zealand Returned and Services’ Association

The early days after the August Offensive, elements of 2nd Field Company, NZE, set up their bivvies at the foot of Hill 971 (Chunuk Bair) in Chailak Dere, Gallipoli. Image courtesy of the New Zealand National Army Museum, accession number: 1992.757

NEW ZEALAND’S FIRST WORLD WAR CENTENARY 2014-2019

MARKING THE 100TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE BATTLE FOR CHUNUK BAIRNATIONAL COMMEMORATION PUKEAHU NATIONAL WAR MEMORIAL PARK, WELLINGTON, 8 AUGUST 2015

WW100.govt.nz

Photo: Dawn on the Apex, 8 August 1915. W. A. Hampton Collection, National Army Museum Te Mata Toa, Waiouru.