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Objectives:Objectives: Why did President Hoover oppose government-sponsored Why did President Hoover oppose government-sponsored

direct relief for individuals during the Great Depression?direct relief for individuals during the Great Depression? How did the Hoover administration attempt to solve the How did the Hoover administration attempt to solve the

depression’s economic problems, and how successful were depression’s economic problems, and how successful were these efforts?these efforts?

How did radicals and veterans respond to Hoover’s policies?How did radicals and veterans respond to Hoover’s policies? Why was Franklin D. Roosevelt such a popular candidate in Why was Franklin D. Roosevelt such a popular candidate in

the 1932 election?the 1932 election?

Section 3: Hoover’s PoliciesSection 3: Hoover’s Policies

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The American NationThe American NationHOLTHOLT

The Political Spectrum: What is the role The Political Spectrum: What is the role of government in the lives of citizens?of government in the lives of citizens?

Liberals tend toLiberals tend toFavor public sector solutions Favor public sector solutions

to economic problemsto economic problemsFavor equality over libertyFavor equality over libertyAre willing to pay higher Are willing to pay higher

taxes, particularly for the richtaxes, particularly for the richAre more accepting of changeAre more accepting of change

Conservatives tend toConservatives tend toFavor private sector Favor private sector

solutions to problemssolutions to problemsFavor liberty over equalityFavor liberty over equalityOppose higher taxes on Oppose higher taxes on

any groupany groupAre more resistant to Are more resistant to

changechange

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The American NationThe American NationHOLTHOLT

The political spectrumThe political spectrum

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Hoover’s opposition to government relief Hoover’s opposition to government relief during the Great Depressionduring the Great DepressionRugged Individualism: Rugged Individualism: President Hoover believed President Hoover believed that individuals and businesses should be self-reliant, that individuals and businesses should be self-reliant, and that if the government helped them, it would and that if the government helped them, it would create a bureaucracy.create a bureaucracy.

This is the philosophy guiding Hoover’s policies This is the philosophy guiding Hoover’s policies regarding the Depressionregarding the Depression

Volunteerism and rebuild industryVolunteerism and rebuild industry

Section 3: Hoover’s PoliciesSection 3: Hoover’s Policies

HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON

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Hoover’s attempts to solve economic Hoover’s attempts to solve economic problemsproblems Public-works programs such as building Boulder Dam failed Public-works programs such as building Boulder Dam failed

to relieve entrenched depression.to relieve entrenched depression. The Federal Farm Board, which made loans, established The Federal Farm Board, which made loans, established

cooperatives, and bought surplus goods, avoided some cooperatives, and bought surplus goods, avoided some foreclosures, but failed to end the farm crisis.foreclosures, but failed to end the farm crisis.

The Reconstruction Finance Corporation, which loaned The Reconstruction Finance Corporation, which loaned taxpayer money to stabilize industries, helped some taxpayer money to stabilize industries, helped some companies avoid bankruptcy but used money for businesses, companies avoid bankruptcy but used money for businesses, not people.not people.

Section 3: Hoover’s PoliciesSection 3: Hoover’s Policies

HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON

The American NationThe American NationHOLTHOLT

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Radical response to Hoover’s policiesRadical response to Hoover’s policiesExtreme problems make extreme solutions more Extreme problems make extreme solutions more

popular (Remember the political spectrum)popular (Remember the political spectrum)staged protestsstaged protestsbecame involved legallybecame involved legally

Veterans’ responseVeterans’ responsegathered in Washington D.C. to demand payment gathered in Washington D.C. to demand payment

of their pension bonusesof their pension bonuses

Section 3: Hoover’s PoliciesSection 3: Hoover’s Policies

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Reasons for Roosevelt’s popularityReasons for Roosevelt’s popularityRoosevelt’s optimism and enthusiasm contrasted Roosevelt’s optimism and enthusiasm contrasted

with Hoover’s gloom.with Hoover’s gloom.As governor of New York, Roosevelt had As governor of New York, Roosevelt had

designed new relief programs.designed new relief programs.The Party of Prosperity (Republicans) lost the The Party of Prosperity (Republicans) lost the

bread and butter issues: Federal help for distressed bread and butter issues: Federal help for distressed populationspopulations

Section 3: Hoover’s PoliciesSection 3: Hoover’s Policies

HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON

The American NationThe American NationHOLTHOLT

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Economic-The philosophy behind the creation Economic-The philosophy behind the creation of goods & servicesof goods & services

Public SectorPublic Sector Government controls the Government controls the

exchange of goods & services.exchange of goods & services. Examples of public services: Examples of public services:

Public Schools, Water Public Schools, Water Authorities, Post Offices, Authorities, Post Offices, Military.Military.

Based on public need.Based on public need.

Philosophy- Philosophy- SocialismSocialism WelfareWelfare

Private SectorPrivate Sector Individuals (investors & Individuals (investors &

business owners) control the business owners) control the creation & exchange of goods creation & exchange of goods & services.& services.

The free enterprise system is The free enterprise system is based on competition & profit.based on competition & profit.

Philosophy-Philosophy-CapitalismCapitalism CharityCharity