holographic thermalization of quark gluon plazma irina aref'eva steklov mathematical institute,...
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Holographic Thermalization of Quark Gluon Plazma
Irina Aref'eva Steklov Mathematical Institute, Moscow
II Russian-Spanish Congress Particle and Nuclear Physics at all Scales and Cosmology
Saint-Petersburg, October 1 - 4, 2013
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Outlook
• Quark-Gluon Plasma in heavy-ions collisions• Holography description of QGP in equilibrium • Holography description of formation of QGP in HIC <=> Black Holes formation in AdS
• Thermalization time• Dethermalization and Dethermalization time• Centrality dependence
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Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP): a new state of matter
QGP is a state of matter formed from deconfined quarks, antiquarks, and gluons at high temperature
nuclear matter
Deconfined phase
T increases, or density increases
QCD: asymptotic freedom, quark confinement
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Experiments: Heavy Ions collisions produced a medium
There are strong experimental evidences that RHIC or LHC have created some medium which behaves collectively:
• modification of particle spectra (compared to p+p)• jet quenching • high p_T-suppression of hadrons• elliptic flow• suppression of quarkonium production
Study of this medium is also related with study of Early Universe
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QGP as a strongly coupled fluid
• Conclusion from the RHIC and LHC experiments: appearance of QGP, not a weakly coupled gas of quarks and gluons, but a strongly coupled fluid.
• This makes perturbative methods inapplicable
• The lattice formulation of QCD does not work, since we have to study real-time phenomena.
• This has provided a motivation to try to understand the dynamics of QGP through the gauge/string duality
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Dual description of QGP as a part of Gauge/string duality
• There is not yet exist a gravity dual construction for QCD. • Differences between N = 4 SYM and QCD are less significant, when quarks and gluons
are in the deconfined phase (because of the conformal symmetry at the quantum level N = 4 SYM theory does not exhibit confinement.)
• Lattice calculations show that QCD exhibits a quasi-conformal behavior at temperatures
T >300 MeV and the equation of state can be approximated by = 3 p (a traceless conformal energy-momentum tensor).
• Motivated to use the AdS/CFT correspondence as a tool to get non-perturbative dynamics of QGP.
• There is the considerable success in description of the static QGP.
Review: Solana, Liu, Mateos, Rajagopal, Wiedemann, 1101.0618
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“Holographic description of quark-gluon plasma”
• Holographic description of quark-gluon plasma in equilibrium
• Holography description of quark-gluon plasma formation in heavy-ions collisions
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Holography for thermal states
TQFT in
MD-spacetime
Black holein AdSD+1-space-time =
Hologhraphic description of Quark Gluon Plasma (QGP in equilibruum)
TQFT = QFT with temperature
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Correlators with T=0 AdS/CFT
Example. D=2
t
Temperatute M=BHAdS with
Bose gas
Vacuum correlators M=AdS
x-x’=
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Thermalization of QFT in Minkowski D-dim space-
time
Black Hole formation in Anti de Sitter (D+1)-dim space-time
Hologhraphic Description of Formation of QGP (Hologhraphic thermalization)
Studies of BH formation in AdSD+1
Time of thermalization in HIC
Multiplicity in HIC
Profit:
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Formation of BH in AdS. Deformations of AdS metric leading to BH formation
• Colliding gravitational shock waves
• Drop of a shell of matter with vanishing rest mass
("null dust"), infalling shell geometry = Vaidya metric
• Sudden perturbations of the metric near the boundary that propagate into the bulk
Chesler, Yaffe, PRL, 2011-2013
Danielsson, Keski-Vakkuri , Kruczenski, 1999 ……Balasubramanian +9, PRL, 2011, Phys.Rev.2011
Gubser, Pufu, Yarom, Phys.Rev. , 2008 (I)Gubser, Pufu, Yarom, JHEP , 2009 (II)Alvarez-Gaume, C. Gomez, Vera, Tavanfar, Vazquez-Mozo, PRL, 2009IA, Bagrov, Guseva, Joukowskaya, E.Pozdeeva 2009, 2010,2012 JHEPKiritsis, Taliotis, 2011 JHEP
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Deformations of AdS metric by infalling shell
d+1-dimensional infalling shell geometry is described in Poincar'e coordinates by the Vaidya metric Danielsson, Keski-Vakkuri and Kruczenski
1)
2)
Danielsson, Keski-Vakkuri and Kruczenski
),...(x 11 dxx
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Correlators via Geodesics in AdS/CFT
1 1
2 2
( , )
( , )
x M
x M
1 1 2 2( , ) ( , )x x
O O
MP
Vacuum correlators: M=AdS Temperatute: M=BHAdS
V. Balasubramanian , S. Ross, 1999
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Thermalization with Vadya AdS
Equal-time correlators
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Thermalization with Vadya AdS
Non-Equal-time correlators
Equal-time correlators
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Evaporation vs thermalization
No thermalization for large l
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dethermalization /thermalization
J is a turning point
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tdethermalization /tthermalization
Data:
.A., I.Volovich,1211.6041
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dethermalization /thermalization
Data:
~ 2therml fm
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Anizotropic thermalization
AdS-Lifshitz-Vaidya solutions
M.Taylor,0812.0530
~ 0.1 0.2aniz isotr
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Anizotropic thermalization
Anisotropy decreases thermalization time.
R
u*
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Thermalization Time and Centricity
Non-centricity Kerr-ADS-BHI.A.,A.Koshelev, A.Bagrov, JHEP 07 (2013) 170
d=3 BTZ
Vaidya-Kerr-AdS
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Kerr-ADS-BH Geometry
Geodesics
B1,2
= (β1,2
− γ2)(β
1,2 − γ
1)
i
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Geodesics which start and finish at
Thermal geodesics
a=0
*Turning point
0
-
V. Balasubramanian, A. Bernamonti, J. de Boer, N. Copland, B. Craps, E. Keski-Vakkuri,B. Muller and A. Schafer et al., PRL, 2011
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Geodesics which start and finish at
…
no “a” dependence
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Conclusion
Formation of QGP of 4-dim QCD Black Hole formation in AdS5 •
• Anisotropy decreases thermalization time.
Centrality dependence of thermalization time d=3 no dependence d>3 ?
•