hollow-bearing tree details at wilton junction · 2019. 11. 21. · h ite- eared ho ny at r el ow-...

Hollow-bearing Tree Details at Wilton Junction

7

Tree 13 Tree 14 Tree 15


8



9



10



11



12



13



14



15



16


*Missing Tree 40 photograph


17

44 45

I:\...

\151

34\F

igur

es\R

P1\

2016

0419

\Fig

ure

L.1.

Hol

low

-bea

ring

trees

and

Glo

ssy

Bla

ck C

ocka

too

feed

tree

s

Figure L.1. Hollow-bearing trees and Glossy Black Cockatoo feed trees (SLR Consulting 2013)

Coordinate System: MGA Zone 56 (GDA 94)

Grid

Nor

th

Image Source:Image © 2016 DigitalGlobe

(dated 16-10-2015)

Data Source:SLR Consulting Australia, 2013

250 0 250 500 750 1000 m

I:\...

\151

34\F

igur

es\R

P1\

2016

0419

\Fig

ure

L.2.

Hol

low

-bea

ring

trees

and

Glo

ssy

Bla

ck C

ocka

too

feed

tree

s

Figure L.2. Hollow-bearing trees and Glossy Black Cockatoo feed trees (SLR Consulting 2013)


Grid

Nor

th


(dated 16-10-2015)


250 0 250 500 750 1000 m

Cumberland Ecology Gunninah

CUMBERLAND ECOLOGY © - WILTON JUNCTION NEW TOWN PROJECT - WILTON JUNCTION

FINAL REPORT

3 MAY 2016

Appendix M

Watercourse Assessments (SLR Consulting)

Appendix R Special Watercourse Survey at Wilton Junction

i

Spot Assessment 1 Facing northwest along railway

Spot Assessment 2 Facing northwest along railway and powerlines

Spot Assessment 3 Facing northwest along railway and powerlines

Spot Assessment 4 Facing northwest along railway

Spot Assessment 5 Facing northwest along railway bridge

Spot Assessment 6 Facing northwest along railway bridge Near the edge of the Nepean River


ii

Spot Assessment 7 Photo looking over proposed dam area Note - trees in centre

Spot Assessment 8 Start survey of large gully Top of large gully facing west

Spot Assessment 9 Top of large gully Dry pools with rocks, grass and trees

Spot Assessment 10 Occasional pools Sedges with rock outcrop 4m wide swale

Spot Assessment 11 Slight gully forming with bed to 6m wide Increased ponding, rock outcrops and understorey

(but still scattered)

Spot Assessment 12 6m vertical drop into deep pool 10m across Rock walls


iii

Spot Assessment 13 1m wide channel with 10m wide swale Less rock Still intermittent flow and pooling

Spot Assessment 14 Gully widening and steepening Grey Myrtle /rainforest element begins Rocky/sandy/sedgy/grassy bed 15m wide

Spot Assessment 15 Steep gully/rock wall Narrow rocky bed continues Narrow rainforest veg

Spot Assessment 16 Intermittent pools, stretches of sandy rock bed. 10m wide bed with 2m channel Slightly wider rainforest element

No photo

Spot Assessment 17 Rocky/sandy/grassy bed Smaller gully entering

Spot Assessment 18 No data


iv

Spot Assessment 19 Evidence of flood debris/high water mark to 3m Confined channel with steep rocky banks

Spot Assessment 20 Bed sedgy/rocky/sandy to10m wide Rocky gully with sandstone boulders Rainforest band with eucalypts on upper banks

Spot Assessment 21 Rocky tributary with 20m wide banks

Spot Assessment 22 Steep gully with cliff walls Big boulders and debris in bed to 20m wide.

Spot Assessment 23 Gully widens to mouth entrance of Nepean R. Semi waterfall of huge rock boulders. 10m wide boulder bed.

I:\...

\151

34\F

igur

es\R

P1\

2016

0419

\Fig

ure

M.1

. Wat

erco

urse

Spo

t Ass

essm

ents

(SLR

201

3)

Figure M.1. Watercourse Spot Assessments (SLR Consulting 2013)


Grid

Nor

th


(dated 16-10-2015)


100 0 100 200 300 400 m



FINAL REPORT

3 MAY 2016

Appendix N

Fauna Species List

Table N.1 Fauna Species List taken during Summer/Autumn 2013 survey of Wilton Junction

KEY

Symbol Description

*

E

V

P

A1

A2

A3

BC

Exotic species

Species is listed as “endangered” in the Threatened Species Conservation Act 1995 (TSC Act)

Species is listed as “vulnerable” in the Threatened Species Conservation Act 1995 (TSC Act)

Probable Identification. Some possibility of confusion of calls with those of other bat species

Species detected within Area A1 on the study area at Wilton



Species detected within Area’s B and C (‘Over-The-Fence’ surveys combined)

STATUS COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME SUMMER AUTUMN

A1 A2 A3 BC A1 A2 A3

BIRDS

V

Phasianidae

Brown Quail

Anatidae

Black Swan Australian Wood Duck Grey Teal Pacific Black Duck Hardhead

Podicipedidae Australasian Grebe Hoary-headed Grebe

Phalacrocoracidae Little Pied Cormorant Little Black Cormorant

Ardeidae

White-necked Heron White-faced Heron

Threskiornithidae

Royal Spoonbill

Accipitridae

Black-shouldered Kite Pacific Baza Brown Goshawk Spotted Harrier Wedge-tailed Eagle

Falconidae Nankeen Kestrel Brown Falcon Australian Hobby

Rallidae

Purple Swamphen Dusky Moorehen Eurasian Coot

Scolopacidae

Masked Lapwing

Coturnix ypsilophora

Cygnus atratus Chenonetta jubata Anas gracilis Anas superciliosa Aythya australis

Tachybaptus novaehollandiae

Poliocephalus poliocephalus

Phalacrocorax melanoleucos Phalacrocorax sulcirostris

Ardea pacifica Egretta novaehollandiae

Platalea regia

Elanus axillaris Aviceda subcristata Accipiter fasciatus Circus assimilis Aquila audax

Falco cenchroides Falco berigora Falco longipennis

Porphyrio porphyrio Gallinula tenebricosa Fulica atra

Vanellus miles

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X X

X

X

X X X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X X

X X

X

X

X X X X X

X X

X X

X

X

X X

X X

X X X

X

X

X

X X

X

X

X

i




*

V

V

V

Columbidae Common Bronzewing Crested Pigeon Spotted Turtle-Dove

Cacatuidae

Glossy Black Cockatoo Yellow-tailed Black Cockatoo Galah Long-billed Corella Sulphur-crested Cockatoo

Psittacidae Rainbow Lorikeet Little Lorikeet Australian King Parrot Crimson Rosella Eastern Rosella Red-rumped Parrot

Cuculidae

Horsfield's Bronze Cuckoo

Podargidae Tawny Frogmouth

Aegothelidae

Australian Owlet-nightjar

Strigidae

Powerful Owl

Halcyonidae Kookaburra Sacred Kingfisher

Meropidae

Rainbow Bee-eater

Coraciidae

Dollarbird

Climacteridae

White-throated Tree-creeper

Ptilonorhynchidae

Satin Bowerbird

Maluridae Superb Fairy-wren

Acanthizidae

Rockwarbler White-browed Scrubwren Weebill Brown Thornbill Yellow-rumped Thornbill Buff-rumped Thornbill

Pardalotidae

Spotted Pardalote

Meliphagidae Eastern Spinebill Lewin’s Honeyeater Yellow-faced Honeyeater

Phaps chalcoptera Ocyphaps lophotes Streptopelia chinensis

Calyptorhynchus lathami Calyptorhynchus funereus Cacatua roseicapilla Cacatua tenuirostris Cacatua galerita

Trichoglossus haematodus Glossopsitta pusilla Alisterus scapularis Platycercus elegans Platycercus eximius Psephotus haematonotus

Chrysococcyx basalis

Podargus strigoides

Aegotheles cristatus

Ninox strenua

Dacelo novaeguineae Todiramphus sanctus

Merops ornatus

Eurystomus orientalis

Cormobates leucophaeus

Ptilonorhynchus violaceus

Malurus cyaneus

Origma solitaria Sericornis frontalis Smicrornis brevirostris Acanthiza pusilla Acanthiza chrysorrhoa Acanthiza reguloides

Pardalotus punctatus

Acanthorhynchus tenuirostris Meliphaga lewinii Lichenostomus chrysops

X X

X

X

X

X

X X X

X

X

X X

X

X

X

X

X X X X

X

X X

X X X

X

X X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X X X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X X

X X

X X

X

X

X

X X

X

X

X

X

X

X X X

X X X X X X

X

X

X

X X

X

X

X

X X

X

X

X

X

X

X

ii




V

* *

Meliphagidae cont White-eared Honeyeater Yellow-tufted Honeyeater Noisy Miner Bell Miner Red Wattlebird White-naped Honeyeater Noisy Friarbird

Psophodidae Eastern Whipbird Spotted Quail-thrush

Campephagidae

Black-faced Cuckoo-shrike White-bellied Cuckoo-shrike

Pachycephalidae Golden Whistler Rufous Whistler Grey Shrike-thrush

Artamidae

Black-faced Woodswallow Dusky Woodswallow Grey Butcherbird Australian Magpie Pied Currawong

Rhipiduridae Grey Fantail Willie Wagtail

Corvidae

Australian Raven

Monarchidae Satin Flycatcher Restless Flycatcher Black-faced Monarch Magpie-lark

Corcoracidae

White-winged Chough

Petroicidae Jacky Winter Scarlet Robin Eastern Yellow Robin

Cisticolidae

Golden-headed Cisticola

Hirundinidae

Welcome Swallow

Sturnidae Common Starling Common Myna

Estrildidae

Double-barred Finch Red-browed Finch

Motacillidae

Australasian Pipit

Lichenostomus leucotis Lichenostomus melanops Manorina melanocephala Manorina melanophrys Anthochaera carunculata Melithreptus lunatus Philemon corniculatus

Psophodes olivaceus Cinclosoma punctatum

Coracina novaehollandiae Coracina papuensis

Pachycephala pectoralis Pachycephala rufiventris Colluricincla harmonica

Artamus cinereus Artamus cyanopterus Cracticus torquatus Gymnorhina tibicen Strepera graculina

Rhipidura fuliginosa Rhipidura leucophrys

Corvus coronoides

Myiagara cyanoleuca Myiagra inquieta Monarcha melanopsis Grallina cyanoleuca

Corcorax melanorhamphos

Microeca fascinans Petroica boodang Eopsaltria australis

Cisticola exilis

Hirundo neoxena

Sturnus vulgaris Sturnus tristis

Taeniopygia bichenovii Neochmia temporalis

Anthus novaeseelandiae

X X X

X X

X X X

X X X

X X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X X X

X

X

X X

X

X

X

X X

X X

X

X X X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X X

X

X

X

X X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X X

X

X

X X

X

X

X X

X

X X X X

X

X

X X X

X X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X X X

X

X

X

X X

X X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X X

X

X X

X

X

X X

X

X X

X

X

iii




MAMMALS

V

V

V V

V

V

V

*

*

*

Tachyglossidae

Echidna

Dasyuridae Brown Antechinus

Vombatidae

Common Wombat

Petauridae

Sugar Glider

Pseudocheiridae Common Ringtail Possum

Phalangeridae

Common Brushtail Possum

Macropodidae

Wallaroo Eastern Grey Kangaroo Swamp Wallaby

Molossidae

Eastern Freetail Bat Eastern Freetail Bat White-striped Freetail Bat

Emballonuridae

Yellow-bellied Sheathtail Bat

Vespertilionidae Common Bent-wing Bat Little Bent-wing Bat Long-eared Bat Large-eared Pied Bat Gould’s Wattled Bat Chocolate Wattled Bat Eastern Falsistrelle Eastern Horseshoe Bat Greater Broad-nosed Bat Eastern Broad-nosed Bat Large Forest Bat Little Forest Bat Eastern Forest Bat

Muridae Black Rat Bush Rat

Canidae

Fox

Leporidae

Rabbit

Tachyglossus aculeatus

Antechinus stuartii

Vombatus ursinus

Petaurus breviceps

Pseudocheirus peregrinus

Trichosurus vulpecula

Macropus robustus Macropus giganteus Wallabia bicolor

Mormopterus norfolkensis Mormopterus ridei Austronomus australis

Saccolaimus flaviventris

Miniopterus schreibersii Miniopterus australis Nyctophilus sp. Chalinolobus dwyeri Chalinolobus gouldii Chalinolobus morio Falsistrellus tasmaniensis Rhinolophus megaphyllus Scoteanax rueppellii Scotorepens orion Vespadelus darlingtonii Vespadelus vulturnus Vespadelus pumilus

Rattus rattus Rattus fuscipes

Vulpes vulpes

Oryctolagus cuniculus

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X X X X X X X

P X X X X

X X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X X X

P

X X

X X X X X X X X X X

X X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X P

X X X

P

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X P

X X X

P

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X X X

X

X X

X

X X

X

X

iv




AMPHIBIANS

Myobatrachidae Common Eastern Froglet Brown-striped Frog Spotted Marsh Frog Smooth Toadlet

Crinia signifera Limnodynastes peronii Limnodynastes tasmaniensis Uperoleia laevigata

X X X X

X

X X

X X X X

X

X

X

X

Hylidae

Eastern Dwarf Tree Frog Broad-palmed Frog Lesueur’s Frog Leaf Green Tree Frog Peron’s Tree Frog Verreaux’s Tree Frog

Litoria fallax Litoria latopalmata Litoria lesueurii Litoria phyllochroa Litoria peronii Litoria verreauxii

X X X X X X

X X X

X X

X

X

REPTILES

Agamidae

Jacky Lizard Eastern Water Dragon

Gekkonidae Lesueur’s Velvet Gecko

Scincidae

Eastern Water-skink Grass Skink Coppertail Skink Wall Skink

Elapidae

Red-bellied Black Snake

Typhlopidae Blind Snake Varanidae Lace Monitor

Amphibolurus muricatus Physignathus lesueurii

Oedura lesueurii

Eulamprus quoyii Lampropholis delicata Ctenotus taeniolatus Cryptoblepharus virgatus

Pseudechis porphyriacus

Ramphotyphlops nigrescens

Varanus varius

X X

X

X X X X

X

X

X X

X

X

X X

X

X

X

X

v



FINAL REPORT

3 MAY 2016

Appendix O

Threatened Fauna Species Habitat Assessments


CUMBERLAND ECOLOGY © - WILTON JUNCTION NEW TOWN PROJECT - WILTON JUNCTION O.1

FINAL REPORT

3 MAY 2016

Table O.1 Habitat Assessment of threatened species of flora within 10km of the Study Area (based on information from OEH Threatened Species Profiles 2013)

Species Habitat Survey considerations Species and species habitat in Study Area

Pseudophryne australis

Red-crowned Toadlet

Occurs on escarpment areas and plateaus, as well as low undulating rangesand outcroppings.

Usually occupies the upper parts of rocky slopes, or on plateaus or more level rock platforms along ridge tops.

Usually occurs in moist areas or areas of dense groundcover along head-water stream beds.

Mainly occurs within Sydney Sandstone Ridgetop Woodland, but also know from Sydney Sandstone Gully Forest.

Shelters under flat sandstone rocks, under rocks on soil, beneath thick ground litter, and in horizontal rock crevices.

A distinctly marked frog that is unlikely to be mistaken with any other species except when relying on advertisement calls.

Calls are similar to other Pseudophryne and Uperoleia calls.

Recommended survey period is between late August and early May, but calls can be heard throughout the year.

Highest activity is after heavy rainfall events during summer, particularly during late afternoon and early evening

Surveys for this species should commence with aural surveys during several nights of suitable weather conditions.

Active searches of preferred microhabitat features are recommended when aural surveys are unsuccessful.

Not detected during field investigations, despite aural surveys and targeted active searches of suitable habitat and microhabitat features during optimal periods and weather conditions.

Several areas of potentially suitable habitat on site, particularly the upper parts of the vegetated gullies and slopes in the north of the Study Area.

Disturbance from grazing activities may have an impact on the suitability of the habitat, particularly water quality. This species is highly sensitive to impacts on water quality.



FINAL REPORT

3 MAY 2016



Hoplocephalus bungaroides

Broad-headed Snake

The sites where Broad-headed Snakes occur are typified by exposed sandstone outcrops and benching.

In these locations, the preferred vegetation is mainly woodland, open woodland and/or heath.

The Broad-headed Snake seasonally occupies distinctive microhabitats within these broader habitat types. They utilise rock crevices and exfoliating sheets of weathered sandstone during the cooler months and tree-hollows during summer.

This species is mainly active at dusk or night and is an ambush predator.

Surveys should consider the seasonal, temperature-induced shift in habitat use.

Adults use rocks and crevices as shelter sites in rocky outcrops in autumn, winter and early spring.

In late spring and summer, when temperatures under rocks become too hot for many snakes, adult males and non-breeding adult females move into adjacent woodland where they shelter in tree-hollows.

Not detected during field investigations, despite targeted searches of suitable habitat and microhabitat features.

Gullies and gorges contain extensive sandstone outcrop habitat with an abundance of what are likely to be “thermally suitable” crevices and exfoliating sheets, as well as abundant hollow-bearing trees.

Circus assimulis

Spotted Harrier

A widely dispersing species that prefers more open habitats, such as grassy open woodland, inland riparian woodland, grassland and shrub steppe.

Most commonly found in native grassland, but also occurs in agricultural land.

Forages over open habitats including the edges of inland wetlands.

Usually nesting during spring. Active throughout the day.

One individual was observed during the May surveys in the northern part of the Study Area.

Species was observed hunting near a small farm dam in open pasture.

The preferred habitat for this species is very broad, and consequently much of the Study Area comprises potential habitat.

There is an abundance of the same or similar habitat locality and the broader region.



FINAL REPORT

3 MAY 2016



Lophoictinia isura

Square-tailed Kite

This wide-ranging species is found in a variety of habitats including dry woodlands and open forests.

Prefers timbered watercourses, particularly for nesting sites.

Occupies large home range over 100km2.

Nest on horizontal branches in mature living trees, especially eucalypts, often near water.

Needs extensive areas of forest or woodland surrounding or nearby.

Active by day and hunts among trees.

Not observed in the Study Area. Potential foraging and nesting habitat

present in woodland and open forest areas.

However, the extent is limited due to extensive clearing.

Likely that the potential habitat in the Study Area would (at most) only form part of a much larger home range.

Hieraaetus morphnoides

Little Eagle

A wide-ranging species that occurs in a variety of habitats.

Mainly occupies open eucalypt forest, woodland or open woodland.

Rabbits are a preferred prey item.

Active by day, hunts on the wing or from exposed perches.


present in woodland and open forest areas. However, the extent is limited due to extensive clearing.


Falco subniger

Black Falcon

Tree-lined watercourses and in isolated woodlands, mainly in arid and semi-arid areas but may move to coastal areas.

Nest along tree-lined creeks and rivers of inland drainage systems.

Active by day, hunts on the wing or from exposed perches.







FINAL REPORT

3 MAY 2016



Burhinus grallarius

Bush stone-curlew

Open wooded rangelands, edges of forest and watercourses.

Mainly nocturnal. Terrestrial. Nests in grassy woodlands gum or box

with low, sparse grassy or herb understorey.

Prefer a sparse understorey so they can see predators while foraging for insects.




Callocephalon fimbriatum

Gang-gang Cockatoo

In summer, generally found in tall mountain forests and woodlands, particularly in heavily timbered and mature wet sclerophyll forests. In winter, may occur at lower altitudes in drier more open eucalypt forests and woodlands, and often found in urban areas.

Moves to lower altitudes in winter, preferring more open eucalypt forests and woodlands, particularly in box-ironbark assemblages, or in dry forest in coastal areas.

Favours old growth attributes for nesting and roosting.

Seasonal movements. Potential to detect this species in the

Study Area all year.

Not observed in the Study Area. Some low-quality habitat available on the

Study Area. Extensive areas of more suitable habitat

in the broader region (south and west of the locality).

Therefore likely that any individuals occurring in the Study Area would only be transient.



FINAL REPORT

3 MAY 2016



Calyptorhynchus lathami

Glossy Black-Cockatoo

The Glossy Black-Cockatoo is highly dependent on the distribution of Allocasuarina species, and is found in woodland dominated by Allocasuarina and in open forests where it forms a substantial middle layer.

Often confined to remnant Allocasuarina patches surrounded by cleared farmlands.

Requires tree-hollows for breeding.

Present throughout the year in most areas where they occur.

Their presence in an area is often evident by the presence of cracked and chewed Casuarina or Allocasuarina cones around “feed trees”.

Recorded at a few locations in the Study Area.

Patches of open forest with she-oaks and large hollow-bearing trees (particularly ‘pipes’) scattered through parts of the Study Area form potential habitat.

Lathamus discolor

Swift Parrot

Migrates from its Tasmanian breeding grounds to the box-ironbark forests and woodlands of Victoria, New South Wales and southern Queensland.

Key habitats for the species on the coast and coastal plains of New South Wales include Spotted Gum (Corymbia maculata), Swamp Mahogany (E. robusta), Red Bloodwood (Eucalyptus gummifera) and Forest Red Gum (E. tereticornis) forests.

Often found in stands of forest with larger trees and abundance of tree-hollows.

Present only in the winter months when it migrates northwards from Tasmania.

Swift Parrots are often noisy, active and conspicuous, but can become quiet in the middle of the day.

Often associate with lorikeets and honeyeaters at abundant food sources.




Likely that the potential habitat on Study Area would (at most) only form part of a much larger home range.



FINAL REPORT

3 MAY 2016



Glossopsitta pusilla

Little Lorikeet

Dry open woodlands and forests, also heath and banksia scrub and riverine woodland, especially in the vicinity of flowering or fruit-bearing vegetation.


Gregarious in its activities (except breeding) and is usually encountered in small parties which may become quite fearless when feeding.

May also congregate into large flocks at groves of flowering eucalypts.

Recorded in the Study Area. Potential foraging and nesting habitat



Neophema pulchella

Turquoise Parrot

Favours open, grassy woodland with dead trees near permanent water.

It also inhabits coastal heaths and pastures with exotic grasses and weeds, along roadsides and in orchards.

Diurnal searches. Often observed in pairs or small parties

whilst foraging near the ground.




Ninox connivens

Barking Owl

Found in open woodlands and the edges of forests, often adjacent to farmland.

Prefer woodlands and forests with a high density of large trees and particularly sites with hollows that are used by the owls as well as their prey.

Roost sites are often located near waterways or wetlands.


Often detected aurally at night, occasionally sighted.

Call playback techniques can be quite successful.






FINAL REPORT

3 MAY 2016



Ninox strenua

Powerful Owl

Found in open forests and woodlands, as well as along sheltered gullies in wet forests with dense understoreys, especially along watercourses. Will sometimes be found in open areas near forests such as farmland, parks and suburban areas, as well as in remnant bushland patches.

Needs old growth trees to nest.

Occupies extensive home ranges. Often detected aurally at night,

occasionally sighted. Call playback techniques can be quite

successful.

Recorded in the southeastern portion of the Study Area.

Nesting habitat in the larger forest stands, particularly in the gullies and gorges on the periphery of the Study Area.

Climacteris picumnus victoriae

Brown Tree-creeper

Drier open forests and woodlands. Present throughout the year in most

areas where they occur. Often observed whilst foraging on tree

trunks and through branches during the day.

Feeding normally takes place in pairs or small groups.

Not observed in the Study Area. The open forests and woodland on the

Study Area may provide habitat for this species (particularly in the forested gullies and gorges on the periphery).



FINAL REPORT

3 MAY 2016



Anthochaera phrygia

Regent Honeyeater

Mostly occur in dry Box-Ironbark eucalypt woodland and dry sclerophyll forest associations in areas of low to moderate relief, where they prefer moister, more fertile sites available, for example along creek flats, or in broad river valleys and foothills.

In NSW, riparian forests containing River Oak Casuarina cunninghamiana, and with Needle-leaf Mistletoe Amyema cambagei, are also important for feeding and breeding.

Usually seen singly, in twos, or in small groups which vary in size throughout the year, and tend to be largest in late autumn and winter.

Can be conspicuous during the breeding season.

Detection is usually by call, or otherwise by sighting.

Targeted searches in patches of woodland that have heavily-flowering trees or that are infested by lerp can also be useful, especially near waterpoints such as creeks and dams.

Surveys should be conducted in the morning.



Pyrrholaemus saggitatus

Speckled Warbler

Lives in dry sclerophyll forests and woodlands dominated by eucalypts, often on rocky ridges or in gullies.

Often seen on the grassy ground layer, when it is foraging.

Sedentary, present throughout the year in most areas where they occur.



Melithreptus gularis gularis

Black-chinned Honeyeater

Occupy the dry eucalypt woodland, particularly associations containing ironbark and box.

It is often found along waterways, and occasionally seen in gardens and street trees.


Usually forages in the upper canopy on the outermost flowers and foliage, and is usually seen in groups of up to 12 birds. It will sometimes feed with other honeyeaters - Noisy, gregarious and active.


Study Area may provide habitat for this species. However, the extent is limited due to extensive clearing.



FINAL REPORT

3 MAY 2016



Daphoenositta chrysoptera

Varied Sittella

Found in eucalypt woodlands and forests throughout their range.

Prefer rough-barked trees (like stringybarks and ironbarks) or mature trees with hollows or dead branches.

Usually seen in flocks, moving swiftly between trees or foraging busily over branches or the trunk.

Often quite noisy while feeding.



Petroica boodang

Scarlet Robin

Lives in open forests and woodlands. During winter, it will visit more open

habitats such as grasslands and farmland.

Often spotted on small perches where it dives to feed on insects on the ground.

Commonly spotted on the edges of open areas, such as farmland.

Sometimes forages in mixed flocks with other small insect-eating birds.

Active throughout the day.

Recorded in the Study Area – in the southeast.

Recorded at the periphery of open woodland and farmland.

Potential habitat throughout the Study Area and region.

Petroica phoenicea

Flame Robin

Found in a variety of forest and woodland.

May move to lower and more open areas in winter.

Breeding occurs from August to January.

Active throughout the day.

Not observed in the Study Area. Open woodland on the Study Area may

provide habitat for this species.

Stagonopleura guttata

Diamond Firetail

Found in grassy eucalypt woodlands, including Box-Gum Woodlands and Snow Gum Eucalyptus pauciflora Woodlands.

Often found in riparian areas (rivers and creeks), and sometimes in lightly wooded farmland.

Feeds exclusively on the ground, on ripe and partly-ripe grass and herb seeds and green leaves, and on insects.

Usually encountered in flocks of between 5 to 40 birds, occasionally more.

Birds roost in dense shrubs or in smaller nests built especially for roosting.

Not observed in the Study Area. Open woodland on the Study Area may

provide habitat for this species.



FINAL REPORT

3 MAY 2016



Dasyurus maculatus

Tiger Quoll

Found in a range of forest habitats, from rainforest to open woodland but seem to prefer moist forests such as rainforests and closed eucalypt forest.

Requires forest with suitable den sites such as rock crevices, caves, hollow logs, burrows and tree-hollows.


Observed more frequently in winter months (breeding times) by visual sighting, aurally and by scat surveys or common latrine (toilet) sites.

It is largely nocturnal and solitary, but occasionally leaves the den during the day.

Not observed in the Study Area. The mature woodland in the gorges and

gullies, along the periphery of the Study Area may provide habitat for this species.

The rocky sandstone gullies could provide opportunities for den sites.

Petaurus australis

Yellow-bellied Glider

Found in mature eucalypt forests in temperate to subtropical regions of eastern Australia.

Inhabits a wide range of forest types but prefers resource rich forests where mature trees provide nesting hollows.

Winter-flowering eucalypts provide nectar and pollen, and some eucalypts are suitable for tapping sap.

Nocturnal searches, often observed aurally.

Call playback can be quite successful. Presence of feed trees.

Not observed in the Study Area. Feed trees not observed. The mature woodland around the

periphery of the Study Area could provide habitat for this species.

Phascolarctos cinereus

Koala

Lives in eucalypt woodlands and forests.

Home range size varies according to quality of habitat, ranging from less than two hectares to several hundred hectares.


Observed by visual sighting, aurally and by scat surveys

Most active in summer months during breeding season

Not observed in the Study Area. The open woodland on the Study Area

provides potential habitat for this species.



FINAL REPORT

3 MAY 2016



Pteropus poliocephalus

Grey-headed Flying Fox

Utilises vegetation communities including rainforests, open forests, closed and open woodlands.

Roost sites are typically located near water, such as lakes, rivers or the coast

Forages primarily for eucalypt blossom and related genera but in some areas it also utilises a wide range of rainforest and cultivated fruits.

Often heard whilst foraging through the canopy at night.

Roost sites are readily identified.

Not observed in the Study Area. The open woodland on the Study Area

may provide habitat for this species, but there is no particular or special habitat present.

Petrogale penicillata

Brush-tailed Rock-wallaby

Prefers rocky habitats, including loose boulder-piles, rocky outcrops, steep rocky slopes, cliffs, gorges and isolated rock stacks.

Shelters during the day in rock crevices, caves and overhangs; often basks in exposed sunny spots.

Prefers areas with higher vegetation cover (such as mesic communities).


Pellet counts and visual counting are common techniques.

Not observed in the Study Area. Some potential habitat in the peripheral

gorges and gullies of the Study Area, especially along the Nepean River.

Myotis macropus

Southern Myotis

Often roosts in groups of 10 - 15 close to water in caves, mine shafts, hollow- bearing trees, storm water channels, buildings, under bridges and in dense foliage.

Forages over streams and pools.

Most active in summer months, just after dusk and during the night.

Can be identified with Anabat detectors and also Harp trapping.

Success is higher along ‘flight paths’.

Not observed in the Study Area. Habitat of this species may occur within

the nearby creek gullies and river gorges. Could also forage over farm dams

(although not recorded in 2013).



FINAL REPORT

3 MAY 2016



Mormopterus norfolkensis

Eastern Freetail-bat

Can be found in dry sclerophyll forest, woodland, swamp forests and mangrove forests east of the Great Dividing Range.

Roost mainly in tree-hollows, but will also roost under bark or in man-made structure.




Species was recorded on the Study Area. Habitat for the species is likely to be

concentrated in the forested slopes and gorges around the periphery of the Study Area.

Falsistrellus tasmaniensis

Eastern False Pipistrelle

Prefers moist habitats, with trees taller than 20 m.

Generally roosts in eucalypt hollows, but has also been found under loose bark on trees or in buildings.


Hibernates in winter. Can be identified with Anabat detectors

and also Harp trapping. Success is higher along ‘flight paths’.



Miniopterus schreibersii oceanensis

Common (Eastern) Bent- wing Bat

Moist environments where it roosts in large numbers in caves, old mines, stormwater tunnels and occasionally buildings.

Forages in forests and woodlands and grassland.





concentrated in the sandstone gullies and gorges where open forest and woodland is located (for foraging), and where caves are fairly abundant.

Miniopterus schreibersii oceanensis

Little Bent-wing Bat

Moist environments where it roosts in large numbers in caves, old mines, stormwater tunnels and occasionally buildings.

Forages in forests and woodlands and grassland.





concentrated in the sandstone gullies and gorges where open forest and woodland is located (for foraging), and where caves are fairly abundant.



FINAL REPORT

3 MAY 2016



Scoteanax rueppellii

Greater Broad-nosed Bat

Rainforest, wet and dry sclerophyll and woodland.

Usually roosts in tree-hollows. Forages over streams and pools.






Chalinolobus dwyeri

Large-eared Pied Bat

Occurs in dry and wet sclerophyll forest, woodland and sandstone escarpments.

Roosts along sandstone cliffs and woodland valley habitat.


Can be identified with Anabat detectors and also Harp trapping. Success is higher along ‘flight paths’.



Meridolum corneovirens

Cumberland Plain Snail

Cumberland Plain Woodland, a grassy, open woodland with occasional dense patches of shrubs.

Lives under leaf litter and bark or logs. Shelters in loose soil around grass

clumps, and occasionally under rubbish.

Present throughout the year. Often seen in moister conditions and

after rainfall However, surveys in all conditions can

be successful. Search beneath leaf litter, bark, logs and

foreign items.

Not recorded in the Study Area. OEH records within 10km of the Study

Area. Some of the open forest and woodland in

the Study Area, particularly where less disturbed, may provide habitat for this species.

hollow-bearing tree details at wilton junction · 2019. 11. 21. · h ite- eared ho ny at r el ow-...

Documents