ho2z886 marking scheme -...

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HO2Z886 Marking Scheme

SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT – II (2015-16) SOCIAL SCIENCE (Class – IX)

General Instructions: 1. The Marking Scheme provides general guidelines to reduce subjectivity and maintain uniformity.

The answers given in the marking scheme are the best suggested answers. 2. Marking be done as per the instructions provided in the marking scheme. (It should not be done

according to one’s own interpretation or any other consideration). 3. Alternative methods be accepted. Proportional marks be awarded. 4. If a question is attempted twice and the candidate has not crossed any answer, only first attempt be

evaluated and ‘EXTRA’ be written with the second attempt. 5. In case where no answers are given or answers are found wrong in this Marking Scheme,

correct answers may be found and used for valuation purpose.

खंडक/ SECTION – A

1.1 a. Because the white colonists depended on black labour for various day-to-day services.

b. Because black labour worked in mines, built roads, buildings etc. a. (Any one)

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1.2 The Imperial Forest Research Institute.

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1.3 Thomas Jefferson became President of the USA in 1800.

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2 Coromandel coast.

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3 Long term basis

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4 Secular state.

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5 (i) By-Election : By election is an election which is held to fill up any vacancy in the 1

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legislature due to the resignation, death or removal of any member. (ii) Mid-term Election : Elections held before the expiry of the term of the legislature are called mid-term election.

6 Women, elderly people and female infants are the poorest of the poor

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7 Focus on human resources development

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8 Bangladesh

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9.1 a. The British colonial government in East Africa encouraged local peasant communities to expand cultivation.

b. Pasturelands were turned into cultivated fields. c. In pre-colonial times, the Maasai pastoralists had dominated their agricultural

neighbours economically and politically. d. Pastoralists could not enter, hunt animals or graze their herds in these areas. e. By the end of colonial rule the situation had reversed. (Explain any three)

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9.2 Brandis realised that a proper system had to be introduced to manage the forests and people had to be trained in the science of conservation.

Rules about the use of forest resources had to be framed. Felling of trees and grazing had to be restricted so that forests could be preserved for timber production.

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9.3 (i) The early enclosures were usually created by individual landlords. (ii) They were not supported by the State or the Church. (iii) After the mid-eighteenth century, the enclosure movement swept though the

countryside and changed the English landscape forever. (iv) Ultimately, the British Parliament could no larger watch this process from a distance

and passed 4,000 Acts legalizing these enclosures. (Any three)

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10.1 In Test cricket a match can go on for five days and still end in a draw. No other modern team sport takes even half as much time to complete. This was because it was played as a leisurely activity and could be continued for days. Besides, there is no specific size of a cricket field as it

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was often played in the village commons. It also developed two sections of players, the amateurs who played as a hobby and were mainly batsmen and were mainly the rich colonial masters and the players who were the poorer sections who played the sport for economic reasons.

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10.2 Men began incorporating some elements of western style clothing in their dress. The wealthy Parsis of Western India were among the first to adopt Western Style Clothing.

Many Indians felt that wearing western clothes would lead to a loss of their cultural identity. They resolved this dilemma by wearing western clothes without giving up their Indian ones.

Many Bengal bureaucrats began stocking western style clothes for work outside and changed into more comfortable Indian clothes at home.

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11.1 (I) In the place of five days matches one day international became very popular these days. (II) Television increased the number of spectators. (III) Coloured dress, protective helmets and field restrictions became a standard part of the

post-packer game.

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11.2 Western dress forms and missionary activities were primarily responsible for ushering in the changes and introducing the concepts of trousers, hate etc. Besides, the effort by Indians to fashion clothing styles that embodied an indigenous tradition and culture led to fusions between western and Eastern styles.

Finally, with the strengthening of British hold over India, cloth and clothing like khadi became important symbols of the national movement.

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12 India's natural vegetation has undergone many changes due to several factors such as growing demand for cultivated land because population is increasing. Development of industries, mining, urbanization, over grazing of pastures, Or any other relevant point.

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13 (i) The proportion of people working in different activities varies in developed and developing countries.

(ii) Developed nations have a high proportion of people engaged in secondary and tertiary activities.

(iii) Developing countries tend to have a higher proportion of their workforce engaged in primary activities.

(iv) In India, about 64 per cent of the population is engaged only in agriculture. (v) The proportion of population dependent on secondary and tertiary sectors is also less

(about 13 and 20 per cent, respectively) in India.

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(vi) Now, however, there has been an occupational shift in favour of the secondary and tertiary sectors with the growing industralisation and urbanization in recent times.

(To be assessed as a whole)

14 National Park is a reserved area for preserving its natural vegetation, wildlife and the natural environment. There are 89 national parks in India. eg. Corbett. Wildlife Sanctuary is a naturally occurring area that provides protection for species from hunting. It also preserves animals that are endangered. There are 49 wildlife sanctuaries in India eg. Dachigam, Kaziranga etc.

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15 (i) No person is abone the law. (ii) These cannot be any distinction between a political leader, govt. official and an

ordinary citizen. (iii) The laws apply in the same manner to all. (Any other)

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16 1. The India has a Supreme Court for the entire nation and it controls the High Courts and other lower courts.

2. High Courts in the states. 3. District courts and the court at the local level. India has a chain of courts.

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17 The procedure of counting involves the following process : 1. After the polling, all the EVMs are sealed & taken to secure place 2. On a fixed date all the EVMs are opened and votes secured by each candidate are counted 3. The agent of each candidate are present there to ensure that the counting is done properly.

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18 (i) Started in 1993 (ii) The aim was to create self employment opportunities for educated unemployed youth (iii) Helped in setting up small business and industries

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19 The Programme started by the government are : National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (2005)

Prime Minister Rozgar Yojana Rural Employment Generation Programme Swarnajayanti Gram Swarozgar Yojana

Pradhan Mantri Gramodaya Yojana Antyodaya Anna Yojana

National Food for Work Programme

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20 (i) Although there has been substantial reduction in global poverty. 3

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It is marked with great regional differences. Poverty declined substantially in China and Southeast Asian countries

(ii) In the countries of South Asia, India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bangladesh, Bhutan the decline has not seen as rapid

(iii) In Latin America, the ratio of poverty remained the same.

21.1 European imperial powers scrambled territorial possessions in Africa slicing up the region into different colonies.

In 1885, Maasai land was divided British Kenya and German Tanganyika. Best grazing lands were gradually taken over for white settlements British colonial government encouraged to expand cultivation. Large areas of grazing land were turned into game reserves. (To be assessed as a whole)

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21.2 (i) Due to increase in population, there was demand for food and so forests were cleared to get land for cultivation.

(ii) In the colonial period the British encouraged production of commercial crops by cutting down forests.

(iii) In the 19th century the colonial state thought that forests were unproductive and had to be brought under cultivation.

(iv) Due to the spread of railways and for building ships forests were cut down on a massive scale.

(v) Wood was needed as fuel to run locomotive and forests provided a ready source for them.

(vi) Thousands of trees were felled to make sleepers for the railway tracks. (vii) Large areas of forests were also cleared away to make way for tea, coffee and rubber plantations in order to meet Europe’s need.

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21.3 After the American War of Independence from 1775 to 1783 and the formation of the United States of America, the white Americans began to move westward. Seen from the east coast, America seemed to be a land of promise. Its wilderness could be turned into cultivated fields. Forest timber could be cut for export, animals hunted for skin, mountains mined for gold and minerals. In the decades after 1800 the US government committed itself to a policy of driving-the American Indians westward, first beyond the. River Mississippi, arid then further west. Numerous wars were waged in which Indians were massacred and many of their villages burnt. The Indians resisted, won many victories in wars, but were ultimately forced to sign treaties, give up their land and move westward. As the Indians retreated, the settlers poured in. They came in successive waves. They settled on the Appalachian plateau by the first decade of the eighteenth century, and then moved into the Mississippi valley between 1820 and 1850.

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22.1 • There was a quarrel between the Bombay Gymkhana, a whites-only club, and Parsi

cricketers over the use of a public park. • The Parsis complained that the park was left unfit for cricket because the polo ponies

of the Bombay Gymkhana dug up the surface. • When it became clear that the colonial authorities were prejudiced in favour of their

white compatriots, the Parsis built their own gymkhana to play cricket in. • The rivalry between the Parsis and the racist Bombay Gymkhana had a happy ending

for these pioneers of Indian cricket. A Parsi team beat the Bombay Gymkhana at cricket in 1889. (To be assessed as a whole)

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22.2 • Indian textiles were in great demand all over the world. • There were million weavers in Bengal alone. • The Industrial Revolution led to the demand for raw material such as cotton and

indigo in Britain. This changed India's status in the world economy. • Large number of Indian weavers and spinners were left without work. • Important textile centres such as Murshidabad, Machilipatnam and Surat declined as

demand fell. • Large number of people began boycotting British or mill made cloth and adopting

Khadi even though it was coarser, more expensive and difficult to obtain.

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23 (i) The Himalayas protect the sub-continent from extremely cold winds from central Asia. This enables northern India to have uniformly higher temperature when compared to other areas on the same latitude.

(ii) The Peninsular plateau under the influence of the sea from three sides has moderate temperatures.

(iii) The seasonal alternation of wind systems and the associated weather conditions provide a rhythmic cycle of seasons.

(iv) Even the uncertainties of rain and uneven distribution are very typical of the monsoon. (v) The Indian landscape, its animals and plant life, its entire agricultural calendar and the life of

the people including their festivities revolve around this phenomena. (vi) These monsoon winds bind the whole country by providing water to get the agricultural activities in motion. The river valleys which carry this water also unite as a single river valley unit.

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24 We have selected our crops from a biodiverse environment of edible plants. animals from large stock provided by nature as milch animal. animalsand birds also provided us draught power, transportation, meat, eggs. fish provides nutritive food and insects help in pollination of crops and fruit trees and

exert biological control on such insects which are harmful. Every species has a role to play in the ecosystem. Hence conservation is essential. Excessive exploitation of plants and animal resources by humans has disturbed

ecosystem - endangering many species.

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25 (a) Under right to freedom, persons can not be deprived of their right to life and personal liberty except according to the procedure established by law. No person can be killed unless the court has ordered a death sentence; no person can be arrested or detained unless there is proper legal justification.

(b) A person who is arrested and detained Shall be produced before the nearest magistrate within 24 hours of arrest

Has the right to consult a lawyer

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26 Reserved constituencies are required because : 1. SCs and STs lack resources to win elections. 2. They lack education and contacts. 3. They have been discriminated for a long time. 4. They had no representatives in parliament earlier. 5. To keep the principle of social justice.

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i jh{kkFkhZ dks i z' u l a[ ; k 27a, 27b , oa 27c esa l s fdl h , d ekufp=k i z' u dk mÙkj nsuk gSA i z' u

l a[ ; k 28 vfuok; Z gSA ekufp=k i z' ui =k esa l ayXu gSaA The student has to attempt any one map question from question numbers 27a, 27b and 27c. Question no. 28 is compulsory. The maps are attached with the question paper.

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27a

(28.1) Jammu and Kashmir (28.2) Pushkar (28.3) Rann of Kutch (Gujarat)

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27b

(27.1) Jharkhand, Chhatisgarh (27.2) Birsa Munda. (27.3) Madras Presidency.

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27c

(27.1) Portuguese (27.2) England and China (27.3) Bengal

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28

(28.1) Tropical Deciduous Forest (28.2) Assam (28.3) Haryana

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खंडख (मु पा व तुआधा रत )/ SECTION - B (OTBA) (*कृपया सुिनि त कर ल क bl िवषय का मु पाठ इस न-प के साथ उपल ध है)

(* Please ensure that open text of the given theme is supplied with this question paper) fo"k; % djsa mUufr l kFk&l kFk / Theme : Together We Rise

29 No Confirmed Customers No fixed income Debt problems Expenditure on cattle feed and fodder Dissatisfactory payments (Any others)

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30 Make people self-dependent Growth of agriculture-raw material for cooperatives Motivate people for cattle rearing

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Regular monthly income Open new avenues (Any other relevant point)

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