hiv/aids : ethical problems and solutions (hiv infection and aids) (hiv infection and aids) the role...

HIV/AIDSHIV/AIDS : Ethical problems and solutions : Ethical problems and solutions (HIV infection and AIDS) (HIV infection and AIDS)

• The role of the law• The role of religion• - HIV Infected pregnant women & abortion• HIV transmission in hospital setting• How can we support the HIV/AIDS people?• Conclusion

OutlineOutline

1

AIDS

AIDS

AIDS

AIDS

AIDSAIDS

HUMAN RIGHTS HUMAN RIGHTS

Discrimination

Normal -HIV Infection AIDSNormal

HIV

HIV

HIV

HIV

HIV

HIV

?

How to protect HIV/AIDS people from discrimination?

Ethicalproblems

2

DiscriminationDiscrimination

“ Any form of distinction, exclusion or restriction affecting a person usually by virtue of an inherent personal characteristic.”

• Deny to associate with a person with HIV/AIDS• Provide different benefits or services• - Pre employment inquiries about health status• Questions about sexual behavior• Discrimination because of having friends with AIDS• Vi ol ati ngthe confi denti al i ty of AI DSpeopl e

Common forms of discrimination Common forms of discrimination

3

Ways to protect HIV/AIDS people include;

• The role of the law• The role of the religion

Protect the rights of HIV/AIDS people

• Protective Role of law

• Law and discrimination Halt many kinds of illegal treatment

The role of the law & HIV/AIDS The role of the law & HIV/AIDS

• Problem How to enforce the laws?

4

The role of religion in HIV/AIDS The role of religion in HIV/AIDS

• Counselors against AIDS• Humanistic support

• -Prolong life span• End their life with peace

SUPPORT, UNITE, INSPIRE, ASSIST

5

HIV-Infected pregnant woman

“Decision Decision makingmaking”

Let the baby be born

Let the baby die

Rate of mother-to-child transmissionDeveloped countries : 15 - 20 %Developing countries : 25 - 35 %

- HIV Infected pregnant woman & abortion- HIV Infected pregnant woman & abortion

6

• Economic status• Education• Data of physician• Status of disease• Age of pregnancy• Husband’s perception

Factors influencing the decision of abortion in HIV-infected pregnant woman


Ethical Ethical problemsproblems- Religion- Human rights

-Less social Less social problemsproblems- decrease orphan child- decrease economical support

+

Decision to TERMINATE Decision to TERMINATE pregnancypregnancy ((18-50% in Thailand)


“Respect her decision & support her instead of judge her RIGHT or WRONG”

8

Prevention mother-to-child transmission• Anti-retroviral drugs• Cesarean section• No breast-feeding

Decision to CONTINUE Decision to CONTINUE pregnancy pregnancy


Problems;• HIV-Infected child: economic, illness• Uninfected child : orphan

9

HIV transmission in hospital setting HIV transmission in hospital setting

• - - Patient to health care professional transmission• - - Health care professional to patient transmission

- - Patient to health care professional transmission- - Patient to health care professional transmission• - 0 .3 0 .5 % of HIV transmission• nnnnnn-nnnnn nnnnnnn nnn n nnnn nnnn

Problems:• Right to know?• Insurance?• Work practice?

10

HIV Transmission in hospital setting HIV Transmission in hospital setting

- - Health care professional to patient transmission - - Health care professional to patient transmission

Problems:• Work practice?

• Restriction• Termination

• Right to tell?

11

1992 360 1200 5000CDC ( ): surgeons, , dentists, , -physicians were HIV seropositive ()

How can we support people with HIV/AIDS? How can we support people with HIV/AIDS?

• Medical treatment

• Social support• Government/Private banks• Organization• Donation

• Depression• Resources: family, religion, health care providers• Goals: reduce stigma and their negative feeling

• Psychological support

12

ConclusionConclusion

ReligionReligion

LawLaw Physical & medical

support

Socialsupport

Psychological support HIV

AIDS

13

• Professor. John Essigmann (MIT)• Associate Professor Ram Sasisekharan (MIT)• Dr. Ganesh Venkataraman (MIT)• Dr. Maria Kartalou (MIT)• Dr. Suvit Loprasert (CRI)• Dr. Poolsak Sahakittichan (CRI)• Dr. Praphan Phanuphak (Thai Red Cross & Chulalongkorn University)• -Mr. Pornchai Sornsathapornkul (TAVEG SIRIRAJ)• CRI’s staff• All of the audiences

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