hiv mcq
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
A 40-year-old man with AIDS and a CD4 count of 80/mm3 has a fever and a right lower lobe infiltrate. Which of the following organisms would be considered to be the most likely cause of his pneumonia if recovered from BAL fluid (bronchoalveolar lavage)?
a. Cytomegalovirus b. Herpes simplex c. Legionella d. Enterobacter cloacea e. Candida albicans
![Page 2: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
A 40-year-old man with AIDS and a CD4 count of 80/mm3 has a fever and a right lower lobe infiltrate. Which of the following organisms would be considered to be the most likely cause of his pneumonia if recovered from BAL fluid (bronchoalveolar lavage)?
a. CytomegalovirusCytomegalovirus b. Herpes simplexHerpes simplex c. Legionella d. Enterobacter cloaceaEnterobacter cloacea e. Candida albicansCandida albicans
![Page 3: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
A 32-year-old man with advanced HIV infection presents with cough and low grade fever of two weeks duration. He has a history of PCP, thrush, ITP, and wasting. Recent medications include ddI, d4T, nelfinavir, dapsone, nystatin, and prednisone. Chest x-ray shows a cavity lesion measuring 4 cm in the right lower lobe. A BAL yields Candida albicans, Nocardia asteroides, P. aeruginosa, and CMV. Which of the following antibiotics should be given?
a. Ganciclovir b. Amphotericin B c. Fluconazole d. Ceftazidime e. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole
![Page 4: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
A 32-year-old man with advanced HIV infection presents with cough and low grade fever of two weeks duration. He has a history of PCP, thrush, ITP, and wasting. Recent medications include ddI, d4T, nelfinavir, dapsone, nystatin, and prednisone. Chest x-ray shows a cavity lesion measuring 4 cm in the right lower lobe. A BAL yields Candida albicans, Nocardia asteroides, P. aeruginosa, and CMV. Which of the following antibiotics should be given?
a. GanciclovirGanciclovir b. Amphotericin BAmphotericin B c. FluconazoleFluconazole d. CeftazidimeCeftazidime e. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole
![Page 5: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
A 25-year-old HIV-infected man presents to your office with severe herpes proctitis. The patient has been treated with acyclovir, 200 mg five times daily for six weeks without improvement in the lesions. On repeat culture of the rectum, herpes simplex virus 2 is again isolated and further testing reveals that this is a thymidine kinase-deficient strain. Which is the preferred treatment option for this condition?
a. Foscarnet b. Vidarabine c. Ganciclovir d. Valacyclovir e. Famciclovir
![Page 6: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
A 25-year-old HIV-infected man presents to your office with severe herpes proctitis. The patient has been treated with acyclovir, 200 mg five times daily for six weeks without improvement in the lesions. On repeat culture of the rectum, herpes simplex virus 2 is again isolated and further testing reveals that this is a thymidine kinase-deficient strain. Which is the preferred treatment option for this condition?
a. Foscarnet b. VidarabineVidarabine c. GanciclovirGanciclovir d. ValacyclovirValacyclovir e. FamciclovirFamciclovir
![Page 7: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
A 43-year-old man with AIDS presents with a four-week history of ataxia, progressive right hand weakness, and tremor. Physical examination confirms his symptoms. His CD4 cell count is 56/mm3, and serum antitoxoplasma IgG antibody titer was negative one year ago. An MRI of the head reveals a solitary 2 x 4 cm lesion in the left cerebellar hemisphere which gives a high signal intensity on T2-weighted images but does not enhance with gadolinium. No mass effect is demonstrated. The most likely diagnosis is:
a. Toxoplasmosis b. A fungal abscess c. Primary CNS lymphoma d. Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) e. A mycobacterial abscess
![Page 8: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
A 43-year-old man with AIDS presents with a four-week history of ataxia, progressive right hand weakness, and tremor. Physical examination confirms his symptoms. His CD4 cell count is 56/mm3, and serum antitoxoplasma IgG antibody titer was negative one year ago. An MRI of the head reveals a solitary 2 x 4 cm lesion in the left cerebellar hemisphere which gives a high signal intensity on T2-weighted images but does not enhance with gadolinium. No mass effect is demonstrated. The most likely diagnosis is:
a. ToxoplasmosisToxoplasmosis b. A fungal abscessA fungal abscess c. Primary CNS lymphomaPrimary CNS lymphoma d. Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) e. A mycobacterial abscessmycobacterial abscess
![Page 9: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
A 37-year-old man with advanced HIV infection hospitalized with a fever to 40C, BP 80/60, chills, headache, and diarrhea with 3-5 stools/day for two days. He has a history of PCP x 2, CMV retinitis treated with IV ganciclovir, aphthous ulcers in the mouth, and thrush. Current medications include d4T, ddI, ritonavir, Fortovase, ganciclovir, fluconazole, dapsone, Megace, and vitamins. PE shows only fever and thrush; the Hickman catheter site appears clean and fundoscopic exam shows no new CMV lesions. Lab studies show: WBC 4,200/dL, hematocrit 22%; Chemistry panel-normal except for AST 56 U/L, creatinine 130 mmol/L; Clear chest x-ray; Negative CSF analysis (cryptococcal antigen pending); Stool studies including C. difficile toxin assay are pending. After cultures, treatment should begin immediately with which of the following?
a. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole b. Oral vancomycin c. Ceftazidime plus vancomycin d. Amphotericin B e. No antimicrobial treatment pending results of cultures (blood, urine
and stool)
![Page 10: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
A 37-year-old man with advanced HIV infection hospitalized with a fever to 40C, BP 80/60, chills, headache, and diarrhea with 3-5 stools/day for two days. He has a history of PCP x 2, CMV retinitis treated with IV ganciclovir, aphthous ulcers in the mouth, and thrush. Current medications include d4T, ddI, ritonavir, Fortovase, ganciclovir, fluconazole, dapsone, Megace, and vitamins. PE shows only fever and thrush; the Hickman catheter site appears clean and fundoscopic exam shows no new CMV lesions. Lab studies show: WBC 4,200/dL, hematocrit 22%; Chemistry panel- normal except for AST 56 U/L, creatinine 130 mmol/L; Clear chest x-ray; Negative CSF analysis (cryptococcal antigen pending); Stool studies including C. difficile toxin assay are pending. After cultures, treatment should begin immediately with which of the following?
a. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazoleTrimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole b. Oral vancomycinOral vancomycin c. Ceftazidime plus vancomycin d. Amphotericin BAmphotericin B e. No antimicrobial treatment pending results of cultures (blood, urine No antimicrobial treatment pending results of cultures (blood, urine
and stool)and stool)
![Page 11: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Which of the following drugs accelerates the p450 metabolic pathway?
a. Indinavir b. Delavirdine c. Saquinavird. Nevirapine e. Nelfinavir
![Page 12: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Which of the following drugs accelerates the p450 metabolic pathway?
a. IndinavirIndinavir b. DelavirdineDelavirdine c. SaquinavirSaquinavird. Nevirapine e. NelfinavirNelfinavir
![Page 13: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Which of the following shows the best penetration into the central nervous system?
a. Nevirapine b. Indinavir c. Nelfinavir d. ddI e. ddC
![Page 14: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Which of the following shows the best penetration into the central nervous system?
a. Nevirapine b. IndinavirIndinavir c. NelfinavirNelfinavir d. ddIddI e. ddCddC
![Page 15: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Which of the following best predicts long-term HIV suppression?
a. The nadir of plasma HIV RNA levels following treatment
b. Treatment in relatively early stage disease as indicated by a CD4 count >200/mm3
c. A relatively low plasma HIV RNA level at the time antiretroviral therapy is initiated
d. Absence of an AIDS-defining opportunistic infection e. Use of a regimen that contains 2 protease inhibitors
![Page 16: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Which of the following best predicts long-term HIV suppression?
a. The nadir of plasma HIV RNA levels following treatment
b. Treatment in relatively early stage disease as indicated Treatment in relatively early stage disease as indicated by a CD4 count >200/mmby a CD4 count >200/mm33
c. A relatively low plasma HIV RNA level at the time A relatively low plasma HIV RNA level at the time antiretroviral therapy is initiatedantiretroviral therapy is initiated
d. Absence of an AIDS-defining opportunistic infectionAbsence of an AIDS-defining opportunistic infection e. Use of a regimen that contains 2 protease inhibitorsUse of a regimen that contains 2 protease inhibitors
![Page 17: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Which of the following is least likely to cause peripheral neuropathy?
a. Lamivudine (3TC) b. Stavudine (d4T) c. Didanosine (ddI) d. Zalcitabine (ddC)
![Page 18: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Which of the following is least likely to cause peripheral neuropathy?
a. Lamivudine (3TC) b. Stavudine (d4T)Stavudine (d4T) c. Didanosine (ddI)Didanosine (ddI) d. Zalcitabine (ddC)Zalcitabine (ddC)
![Page 19: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Which of the following may cause a deceptively high CD4 cell count?
a. HTLV II co-infection b. Splenectomy c. Major surgery d. Pregnancy e. Acute administration of corticosteroids
![Page 20: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Which of the following may cause a deceptively high CD4 cell count?
a. HTLV II co-infectionHTLV II co-infection b. Splenectomy c. Major surgeryMajor surgery d. PregnancyPregnancy e. Acute administration of corticosteroidsAcute administration of corticosteroids
![Page 21: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Generic Name Class Firm FDA Approval Date
zidovudine, AZT NRTI Glaxo Wellcome March 87
didanosine, ddI NRTI Bristol Myers-Squibb October 91
zalcitabine, ddC NRTI Hoffman-La Roche June 92
stavudine, d4T NRTI Bristol Myers-Squibb June 94
lamivudine, 3TC NRTI Glaxo Wellcome November 95
saquinavir, SQV, hgc PI Hoffman-La Roche December 95
ritonavir, RTV PI Abbott Laboratories March 96
indinavir, IDV PI Merck & Co., Inc. March 96
nevirapine, NVP NNRTI Boehringer Ingelheim June 96
nelfinavir, NFV PI Agouron Pharmaceuticals March 97
delavirdine, DLV NNRTI Pharmacia & Upjohn April 97
zidovudine and lamivudine NRTI Glaxo Wellcome September 97
saquinavir, SQV, sgc PI Hoffman-La Roche November 97
efavirenz, EFV NNRTI DuPont Pharmaceuticals September 98
abacavir, ABC NRTI Glaxo Wellcome February 99
amprenavir PI Glaxo Wellcome April 99
Antiretroviral Drugs Approved by FDA for HIVAntiretroviral Drugs Approved by FDA for HIV
![Page 22: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Which of the following vaccines is contraindicated in patients with HIV infection due to the potential to cause infection?
a. Tetanus b. Influenza c. Varicella d. Haemophilus influenzae type B e. Hepatitis A virus
![Page 23: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Which of the following vaccines is contraindicated in patients with HIV infection due to the potential to cause infection?
a. TetanusTetanus b. InfluenzaInfluenza c. Varicella d. Haemophilus influenzae type BHaemophilus influenzae type B e. Hepatitis A virusHepatitis A virus
![Page 24: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Positive serology showing antibody usually indicates which of the following organisms is not present?
a. Toxoplasma gondii b. Cytomegalovirus c. Epstein-Barr virus d. Hepatitis B virus e. Varicella-zoster
![Page 25: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Positive serology showing antibody usually indicates which of the following organisms is not present?
a. Toxoplasma gondiiToxoplasma gondii b. CytomegalovirusCytomegalovirus c. Epstein-Barr virusEpstein-Barr virus d. Hepatitis B virus e. Varicella-zosterVaricella-zoster
![Page 26: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Which of the following microbes is most likely to cause a cerebrospinal fluid showing elevated protein and a polymorphonuclear pleocytosis in late-stage HIV infection?
a. Toxoplasma gondii b. Cytomegalovirus c. Treponema pallidum d. JC virus (Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy) e. Herpes simplex
![Page 27: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Which of the following microbes is most likely to cause a cerebrospinal fluid showing elevated protein and a polymorphonuclear pleocytosis in late-stage HIV infection?
a. Toxoplasma gondiia. Toxoplasma gondii b. Cytomegalovirus c. Treponema pallidumc. Treponema pallidum d. JC virus (Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy)d. JC virus (Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy) e.e. Herpes simplexHerpes simplex
![Page 28: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
The most common cause of fever of unknown origin with no focal symptoms in a previously untreated patient with a CD4 count of 10/mm3 is:
a. Disseminated M. avium infection b. Disseminated cytomegalovirus c. Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia d. Toxoplasmosis e. Lymphoma
![Page 29: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
The most common cause of fever of unknown origin with no focal symptoms in a previously untreated patient with a CD4 count of 10/mm3 is:
a. Disseminated M. avium infection b. Disseminated cytomegalovirusDisseminated cytomegalovirus c. Pneumocystis carinii pneumoniaPneumocystis carinii pneumonia d. ToxoplasmosisToxoplasmosis e. LymphomaLymphoma
![Page 30: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Which of the following fungi is an agent of disseminated infections primarily in southeastern or eastern Asia?
a. Penicillium marneffei b. Coccidioides immitis c. Histoplasma capsulatum d. Blastomyces dermatitidis e. Paracoccidioides brasiliensis
![Page 31: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Which of the following fungi is an agent of disseminated infections primarily in southeastern or eastern Asia?
a. Penicillium marneffei b. Coccidioides immitisCoccidioides immitis c. Histoplasma capsulatumHistoplasma capsulatum d. Blastomyces dermatitidisBlastomyces dermatitidis e. Paracoccidioides brasiliensisParacoccidioides brasiliensis
![Page 32: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
A 45-year-old woman donated blood prior to elective surgery for urinary incontinence. The blood bank reports that the unit is repeatedly reactive in a HIV-1 enzyme immunoassay (EIA), with a negative HIV-1 Western blot. A test done 1 year previously showed the same results. She has no history of blood transfusion or injection drug use, and has been sexually monogamous for ten years with a single partner who has no known HIV risk factors. Your advice is:
a. Defer surgery until repeat HIV testing can be done at three months b. Advise the patient that she has early HIV infection c. Perform testing on her sexual partner to determine if he is the source of
the infection d. Test the patient's sexual partner for HIV e. Inform the patient that HIV infection is unlikely given the absence of
risk factors and the negative Western blot result
![Page 33: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
A 45-year-old woman donated blood prior to elective surgery for urinary incontinence. The blood bank reports that the unit is repeatedly reactive in a HIV-1 enzyme immunoassay (EIA), with a negative HIV-1 Western blot. A test done 1 year previously showed the same results. She has no history of blood transfusion or injection drug use, and has been sexually monogamous for ten years with a single partner who has no known HIV risk factors. Your advice is:
a. Defer surgery until repeat HIV testing can be done at three monthsDefer surgery until repeat HIV testing can be done at three months b. Advise the patient that she has early HIV infectionAdvise the patient that she has early HIV infection c. Perform testing on her sexual partner to determine if he is the source of Perform testing on her sexual partner to determine if he is the source of
the infectionthe infection d. Test the patient's sexual partner for HIVTest the patient's sexual partner for HIV e. Inform the patient that HIV infection is unlikely given the absence of
risk factors and the negative Western blot result
![Page 34: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
All of the following are correct about hairy leukoplakia except:
a. It will respond to treatment with acyclovir b. It will respond to treatment with ganciclovir c. It is a rare complication of diseases other than HIV
infection d. It is usually not treated e. Scrapings of it will show pseudomycelia
![Page 35: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
All of the following are correct about hairy leukoplakia except:
a. It will respond to treatment with acyclovirIt will respond to treatment with acyclovir b. It will respond to treatment with ganciclovirIt will respond to treatment with ganciclovir c. It is a rare complication of diseases other than HIV It is a rare complication of diseases other than HIV
infectioninfection d. It is usually not treatedIt is usually not treated e. Scrapings of it will show pseudomycelia
![Page 36: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
A 27-year-old intravenous drug abuser is referred to you with positive HIV serology. He is asymptomatic but continues to practice high risk behavior. Past medical history indicates herpes zoster involving the right leg one year ago. Initial evaluation shows the following: WBC 3,400 with 72% PMNs, 5% bands, 15% lymphocytes, 3% monocytes; CD4 count 240/mm3; Chemistry panel normal; Hepatitis serology HBsAg neg and anti-HBs positive; VDRL negative; Chest x-ray negative; PPD negative. Treatment at this time should include which of the following?
a. Pneumovax b. Azithromycin prophylaxis c. PCP prophylaxis d. Hepatitis B vaccine e. Acyclovir
![Page 37: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
A 27-year-old intravenous drug abuser is referred to you with positive HIV serology. He is asymptomatic but continues to practice high risk behavior. Past medical history indicates herpes zoster involving the right leg one year ago. Initial evaluation shows the following: WBC 3,400 with 72% PMNs, 5% bands, 15% lymphocytes, 3% monocytes; CD4 count 240/mm3; Chemistry panel normal; Hepatitis serology HBsAg neg and anti-HBs positive; VDRL negative; Chest x-ray negative; PPD negative. Treatment at this time should include which of the following?
a. Pneumovax b. Azithromycin prophylaxisAzithromycin prophylaxis c. PCP prophylaxisPCP prophylaxis d. Hepatitis B vaccineHepatitis B vaccine e. AcyclovirAcyclovir
![Page 38: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Which of the following is correct about Stavudine (d4T)?
a. The major side effect is peripheral neuropathy. b. High level resistance occurs early in treatment when it is
given as monotherapy. c. It penetrates the blood-brain barrier better than AZTd. Tablets should be chewed or dissolved in fluids before
swallowing e. It commonly causes lactic acidosis
![Page 39: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Which of the following is correct about Stavudine (d4T)?
a. The major side effect is peripheral neuropathy. b. High level resistance occurs early in treatment when it is High level resistance occurs early in treatment when it is
given as monotherapy.given as monotherapy. c. It penetrates the blood-brain barrier better than AZTIt penetrates the blood-brain barrier better than AZTd. Tablets should be chewed or dissolved in fluids before Tablets should be chewed or dissolved in fluids before
swallowingswallowing e. It commonly causes lactic acidosisIt commonly causes lactic acidosis
![Page 40: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Which of the following conditions in a person with HIV infection is suggestive of the greatest degree of immunosuppression?
a. Peripheral generalized lymphadenopathy b. Thrush c. Pneumonia due to S. pneumoniae d. Cavitary pulmonary tuberculosis e. Vaginal candidiasis
![Page 41: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Which of the following conditions in a person with HIV infection is suggestive of the greatest degree of immunosuppression?
a. Peripheral generalized lymphadenopathyPeripheral generalized lymphadenopathy b. Thrush c. Pneumonia due to S. pneumoniaePneumonia due to S. pneumoniae d. Cavitary pulmonary tuberculosisCavitary pulmonary tuberculosis e. Vaginal candidiasisVaginal candidiasis
![Page 42: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
A HIV-infected patient has cough, fever, and sputum production for 4 days. A chest x-ray shows a left lower lobe infiltrate, the WBC is 4,200/mm3 and a CD4 count is 150/mm3. He takes no medication. The most likely microbial pathogen is:
a. S. pneumoniae b. Mycobacterium tuberculosis c. Rhodococcus equii d. P. carinii e. Cryptococcosis
![Page 43: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
A HIV-infected patient has cough, fever, and sputum production for 4 days. A chest x-ray shows a left lower lobe infiltrate, the WBC is 4,200/mm3 and a CD4 count is 150/mm3. He takes no medication. The most likely microbial pathogen is:
a. S. pneumoniae b. Mycobacterium tuberculosisMycobacterium tuberculosis c. Rhodococcus equiiRhodococcus equii d. P. cariniiP. carinii e. CryptococcosisCryptococcosis
![Page 44: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
A HIV-infected woman has headache, fever, and a seizure. The CD4 count is 56/mm3, WBC is 3,200/mm3, and a MRI shows two ring-enhancing lesions. She takes no medicines other than methadone. The most likely diagnosis is:
a. Lymphoma b. Toxoplasmosis c. Cryptococcosis d. PML e. Herpes simplex encephalitis
![Page 45: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
A HIV-infected woman has headache, fever, and a seizure. The CD4 count is 56/mm3, WBC is 3,200/mm3, and a MRI shows two ring-enhancing lesions. She takes no medicines other than methadone. The most likely diagnosis is:
a. LymphomaLymphoma b. Toxoplasmosis c. CryptococcosisCryptococcosis d. PMLPML e. Herpes simplex encephalitisHerpes simplex encephalitis
![Page 46: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Which of the following does not have verified benefit in reducing perinatal transmission?
a. Intrapartum nevirapine b. Intrapartum AZT c. Intrapartum indinavir d. C-section e. Reduction in viral load during pregnancy
![Page 47: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Which of the following does not have verified benefit in reducing perinatal transmission?
a. Intrapartum nevirapineIntrapartum nevirapine b. Intrapartum AZTIntrapartum AZT c. Intrapartum indinavir d. C-sectionC-section e. Reduction in viral load during pregnancyReduction in viral load during pregnancy
![Page 48: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
A 40-year-old gay man with HIV infection complains of intermittent crampy abdominal pain and diarrhea for 2 months. The major concern is 1-3 loose stools daily accompanied by bloating. He took AZT, ddI, and indinavir, but discontinued this when he noted the abdominal symptoms. Nevertheless, there was no improvement. He has been well otherwise and afebrile. He has a CD4 count of 350/mm3. The most likely diagnosis is:
a. Salmonellosisb. C. difficile colitis c. Microsporidia d. Irritable bowel syndrome e. Kaposi's sarcoma of the gut
![Page 49: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
A 40-year-old gay man with HIV infection complains of intermittent crampy abdominal pain and diarrhea for 2 months. The major concern is 1-3 loose stools daily accompanied by bloating. He took AZT, ddI, and indinavir, but discontinued this when he noted the abdominal symptoms. Nevertheless, there was no improvement. He has been well otherwise and afebrile. He has a CD4 count of 350/mm3. The most likely diagnosis is:
a. SalmonellosisSalmonellosisb. C. difficile colitisC. difficile colitis c. MicrosporidiaMicrosporidia d. Irritable bowel syndrome e. Kaposi's sarcoma of the gutKaposi's sarcoma of the gut
![Page 50: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Which of the following drugs has been associated with serious hypersensitivity reactions characterized by fever, GI distress, and rash?
a. Efavirenz b. Hydroxyurea c. Abacavir d. Saquinavire. Nelfinavir
![Page 51: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Which of the following drugs has been associated with serious hypersensitivity reactions characterized by fever, GI distress, and rash?
a. EfavirenzEfavirenz b. HydroxyureaHydroxyurea c. Abacavir d. SaquinavirSaquinavire. NelfinavirNelfinavir
![Page 52: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
The opportunistic organism most likely to infect the adrenal gland in patients with advanced HIV infection is:
a. M. avium b. Histoplasma capsulatum c. Candida albicans d. CMV e. Cryptococcus neoformans
![Page 53: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
The opportunistic organism most likely to infect the adrenal gland in patients with advanced HIV infection is:
a. M. aviumM. avium b. Histoplasma capsulatumHistoplasma capsulatum c. Candida albicansCandida albicans d. CMV e. Cryptococcus neoformansCryptococcus neoformans
![Page 54: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
Which of the following is most likely to show no white blood cells in cerebrospinal fluid?
a. Toxoplasma encephalitis b. CNS lymphoma c. Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy d. Neurosyphilis e. CMV encephalitis
![Page 55: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
Which of the following is most likely to show no white blood cells in cerebrospinal fluid?
a. Toxoplasma encephalitisToxoplasma encephalitis b. CNS lymphomaCNS lymphoma c. Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy d. NeurosyphilisNeurosyphilis e. CMV encephalitisCMV encephalitis
![Page 56: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
A patient with HIV infection is receiving no medications and is seen for routine follow-up. At the previous visit 6 months ago, the CD4 count was 860/mm3 and the CD4 percentage was 46%. The viral burden at that time was 562 copies/ml. At this visit the CD4 count is 620/mm3 and the CD4 percentage is 40%. The viral burden is undetectable (less than 400 copies/ml). Which of the following would be most appropriate?
a. Repeat the CD4-cell count in the same lab b. Repeat the CD4-cell count, but use a different lab c. Request a complete T-subset analysis d. Obtain additional studies for HIV staging including B2
microglobulin and neopterin e. Do nothing and see the patient in 3 months
![Page 57: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
A patient with HIV infection is receiving no medications and is seen for routine follow-up. At the previous visit 6 months ago, the CD4 count was 860/mm3 and the CD4 percentage was 46%. The viral burden at that time was 562 copies/ml. At this visit the CD4 count is 620/mm3 and the CD4 percentage is 40%. The viral burden is undetectable (less than 400 copies/ml). Which of the following would be most appropriate?
a. Repeat the CD4-cell count in the same labRepeat the CD4-cell count in the same lab b. Repeat the CD4-cell count, but use a different labRepeat the CD4-cell count, but use a different lab c. Request a complete T-subset analysisRequest a complete T-subset analysis d. Obtain additional studies for HIV staging including B2 Obtain additional studies for HIV staging including B2
microglobulin and neopterinmicroglobulin and neopterin e. Do nothing and see the patient in 3 months
![Page 58: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
A 25-year-old man with advanced HIV infection is hospitalized with fever and diarrhea of 2-3 weeks duration. He has been treated with ddI, ritonavir, saquinavir, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Exam shows thrush, wasting, and KS lesions on the face and arms. Admission laboratory studies show: Hematocrit of 28%, WBC 3,100/mm3; CD4 count of 2/mm3; ALT of 56 IU/L, alkaline phosphatase of 211 IU/L, amylase of 53 IU/L, a potassium of 3.1 MEQ/L, and an albumin of 2.3 gm/dL; Chest x-ray is negative; Blood culture at 48 hours yields S. epidermidis; Stool C. difficile toxin assay is negative, stool culture is negative, Stool O&P exam shows Blastocystis hominis.
Treatment directed against which organism is most likely to produce defervescence?
a. S. epidermidis b. Microsporidiac. Blastocystis hominis d. Cryptosporidia e. M. avium complex
![Page 59: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
A 25-year-old man with advanced HIV infection is hospitalized with fever and diarrhea of 2-3 weeks duration. He has been treated with ddI, ritonavir, saquinavir, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Exam shows thrush, wasting, and KS lesions on the face and arms. Admission laboratory studies show: Hematocrit of 28%, WBC 3,100/mm3; CD4 count of 2/mm3; ALT of 56 IU/L, alkaline phosphatase of 211 IU/L, amylase of 53 IU/L, a potassium of 3.1 MEQ/L, and an albumin of 2.3 gm/dL; Chest x-ray is negative; Blood culture at 48 hours yields S. epidermidis; Stool C. difficile toxin assay is negative, stool culture is negative, Stool O&P exam shows Blastocystis hominis.
Treatment directed against which organism is most likely to produce defervescence?
a. S. epidermidis S. epidermidis b. MicrosporidiaMicrosporidiac. Blastocystis hominis Blastocystis hominis d. CryptosporidiaCryptosporidia e. M. avium complex
![Page 60: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
A 27-year-old gay man has negative HIV serology but continues to practice high risk behavior. He requests assurance that he does not have HIV infection. The most sensitive blood test to provide this assurance is:
a. p24 antigen b. Routine serologic test c. HIV DNA assay d. HIV RNA level e. HIV culture
![Page 61: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
A 27-year-old gay man has negative HIV serology but continues to practice high risk behavior. He requests assurance that he does not have HIV infection. The most sensitive blood test to provide this assurance is:
a. p24 antigen p24 antigen b. Routine serologic test c. HIV DNA assayHIV DNA assay d. HIV RNA levelHIV RNA level e. HIV cultureHIV culture
![Page 62: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
The most common side-effect of nelfinavir is:
a. Epigastric pain b. Diarrhea c. Headache d. Nephrolithiasis e. Neuropathy
![Page 63: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
The most common side-effect of nelfinavir is:
a. Epigastric painEpigastric pain b. Diarrhea c. HeadacheHeadache d. NephrolithiasisNephrolithiasis e. NeuropathyNeuropathy
![Page 64: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
A 32-year-old man with AIDS consults for fever, a rash of 3-5 days duration and painful feet of two weeks duration. He had PCP eight months previously and has subsequently received AZT, ddI, saquinavir, ketoconazole (200 mg/day), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (1 DS/day), and vitamin C (1 gm daily). He was seen for a routine visit three weeks ago and was asymptomatic with a negative physical exam and the following laboratory tests: WBC 2,100/mm3 (75% PMN's, 4% bands, 13% lymphs, 8% monocytes); Hematocrit 32%, platelet count of 80,000/mm3; AST 38 IU/L. Physical exam now shows a maculopapular rash, a supple neck and fever of 38.8C. Laboratory studies now show: WBC 1,200 (45% PMS's, 7% bands, 32% lymphocytes, 16% monocytes); Hematocrit 26%; Platelet count 62,000/mm3, AST 462 IU/L, alkaline phosphatase of 210 IU/L. Which of the following drugs is an unlikely cause of an adverse drug reaction in this patient?
a. AZT b. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole c. Ketoconazole d. ddI e. Vitamin C
![Page 65: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
A 32-year-old man with AIDS consults for fever, a rash of 3-5 days duration and painful feet of two weeks duration. He had PCP eight months previously and has subsequently received AZT, ddI, saquinavir, ketoconazole (200 mg/day), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (1 DS/day), and vitamin C (1 gm daily). He was seen for a routine visit three weeks ago and was asymptomatic with a negative physical exam and the following laboratory tests: WBC 2,100/mm3 (75% PMN's, 4% bands, 13% lymphs, 8% monocytes); Hematocrit 32%, platelet count of 80,000/mm3; AST 38 IU/L. Physical exam now shows a maculopapular rash, a supple neck and fever of 38.8C. Laboratory studies now show: WBC 1,200 (45% PMS's, 7% bands, 32% lymphocytes, 16% monocytes); Hematocrit 26%; Platelet count 62,000/mm3, AST 462 IU/L, alkaline phosphatase of 210 IU/L. Which of the following drugs is an unlikely cause of an adverse drug reaction in this patient?
a. AZT a. AZT b. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole b. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole c. Ketoconazole c. Ketoconazole d. ddI d. ddI e. Vitamin C
![Page 66: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
Albendazole is effective therapy for most patients infected by:
a. Toxoplasma gondii b. Enterocytozoon bienusi c. Septata intestinalis d. Cryptosporidia e. Cyclospora
![Page 67: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
Albendazole is effective therapy for most patients infected by:
a. Toxoplasma gondii a. Toxoplasma gondii b. Enterocytozoon bienusib. Enterocytozoon bienusi c. Septata intestinalis d. Cryptosporidia d. Cryptosporidia e. Cyclosporae. Cyclospora
![Page 68: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
The average efficiency of HIV transmission with a single episode of unprotected receptive vaginal intercourse with an untreated HIV infected source is approximately?
a. 30% b. 3% c. 0.3% d. 0.03% e. 0.003%
![Page 69: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
The average efficiency of HIV transmission with a single episode of unprotected receptive vaginal intercourse with an untreated HIV infected source is approximately?
a. 30% 30% b. 3%3% c. 0.3% d. 0.03% 0.03% e. 0.003%0.003%
![Page 70: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
A 30-year old woman with HIV infection and a CD4 count of 180/mm3 has a platelet count of 40,000/mm3. She reports mild gum bleeding while brushing teeth, but denies other forms of bleeding and has not noted bruising. Her platelet count 3 months ago was 65,000/mm3. Medications do not appear to be the cause of her thrombocytopenia. What treatment is appropriate at this time?
a. IVIG b. Prednisone c. Splenic irradiation d. Danazol e. No treatment
![Page 71: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/71.jpg)
A 30-year old woman with HIV infection and a CD4 count of 180/mm3 has a platelet count of 40,000/mm3. She reports mild gum bleeding while brushing teeth, but denies other forms of bleeding and has not noted bruising. Her platelet count 3 months ago was 65,000/mm3. Medications do not appear to be the cause of her thrombocytopenia. What treatment is appropriate at this time?
a. IVIG IVIG b. Prednisone Prednisone c. Splenic irradiation Splenic irradiation d. Danazol Danazol e. No treatment
![Page 72: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/72.jpg)
Fecal leukocytes are most likely with diarrhea due to:
a. Mycobacterium b. Septata intestinalis c. Cryptosporidium d. Isospora e. Cytomegalovirus
![Page 73: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/73.jpg)
Fecal leukocytes are most likely with diarrhea due to:
a. Mycobacterium a. Mycobacterium b. Septata intestinalis b. Septata intestinalis c. Cryptosporidium c. Cryptosporidium d. Isosporad. Isospora e. Cytomegalovirus
![Page 74: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/74.jpg)
A 28-year old gay man has progressive dyspnea and hypoxemia over 2-3 months. He is afebrile and has a CD4 count of 26/mm3. Chest x-ray shows alveolar infiltrates bilaterally, hilar adenopathy and a pleural effusion. Bronchscopy with BAL and a transbronchial biopsy is negative. A gallium scan negative. The most likely cause is:
a. Histoplasmosis b. Coccidiodomycosis c. Lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia d. Lymphoma e. Kaposi sarcoma
![Page 75: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/75.jpg)
A 28-year old gay man has progressive dyspnea and hypoxemia over 2-3 months. He is afebrile and has a CD4 count of 26/mm3. Chest x-ray shows alveolar infiltrates bilaterally, hilar adenopathy and a pleural effusion. Bronchscopy with BAL and a transbronchial biopsy is negative. A gallium scan negative. The most likely cause is:
a. Histoplasmosis a. Histoplasmosis b. Coccidiodomycosis b. Coccidiodomycosis c. Lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia c. Lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia d. Lymphoma d. Lymphoma e. Kaposi sarcoma
![Page 76: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/76.jpg)
Which of the following drugs is recommended for AIDS patients with bacillary angiomatosis?
a. Penicillin b. Ciprofloxacin c. Erythromycin d. Cephalosporin e. Vancomycin
![Page 77: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/77.jpg)
Which of the following drugs is recommended for AIDS patients with bacillary angiomatosis?
a. Penicillin Penicillin b. CiprofloxacinCiprofloxacin c. Erythromycin d. Cephalosporin Cephalosporin e. VancomycinVancomycin
![Page 78: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/78.jpg)
Which of the following drugs is the most potent inhibitor of the hepatic p450 metabolic pathway?
a. Ritonavir b. Saquinavir c. Rifampin d. Nevirapine e. Abacavir
![Page 79: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/79.jpg)
Which of the following drugs is the most potent inhibitor of the hepatic p450 metabolic pathway?
a. Ritonavir b. Saquinavir Saquinavir c. Rifampin Rifampin d. Nevirapine Nevirapine e. AbacavirAbacavir
![Page 80: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/80.jpg)
Most patients in late-stage HIV infection develop toxoplasmosis from which of the following?
a. New infection following exposure to cat stool b. New infection following exposure to undercooked meat c. New infection from exposure to a patient with
toxoplasmosis d. New infection from contaminated water e. Activation of latent infection
![Page 81: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/81.jpg)
Most patients in late-stage HIV infection develop toxoplasmosis from which of the following?
a. New infection following exposure to cat stool New infection following exposure to cat stool b. New infection following exposure to undercooked meat New infection following exposure to undercooked meat c. New infection from exposure to a patient with New infection from exposure to a patient with
toxoplasmosis toxoplasmosis d. New infection from contaminated waterNew infection from contaminated water e. Activation of latent infection
![Page 82: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/82.jpg)
Which of the following drugs have been associated with hypertriglyceridemia?
a. Ritonavir b. Hydroxyurea c. Delavirdine d. Abacavir e. Stavudine (d4T)
![Page 83: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/83.jpg)
Which of the following drugs have been associated with hypertriglyceridemia?
a. Ritonavir b. Hydroxyurea Hydroxyurea c. Delavirdine Delavirdine d. Abacavir Abacavir e. Stavudine (d4T) Stavudine (d4T)
![Page 84: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/84.jpg)
Which of the following is not detected with AFB stain of stool in patients with diarrhea?
a. Cryptosporidia parvum b. Cyclospora cayetanensis c. Isospora belli d. Microsporidia e. Septata intestinalis
![Page 85: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/85.jpg)
Which of the following is not detected with AFB stain of stool in patients with diarrhea?
a. Cryptosporidia parvum a. Cryptosporidia parvum b. Cyclospora cayetanensisb. Cyclospora cayetanensis c. Isospora belli d. Microsporidia d. Microsporidia e. Septata intestinalise. Septata intestinalis
![Page 86: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/86.jpg)
A 40-year-old man with HIV infection complains of headache, fever, and blurred vision. He takes AZT, 3TC, nelfinavir, dapsone, and INH. Exam shows thrush and perirectal vesicles. A CD4 count is 86/mm3 and a head MRI is negative. The most likely diagnosis of his CNS infection is:
a. T. pallidum b. Toxoplasma gondii c. Cryptococcus d. Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy e. H. simplex
![Page 87: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/87.jpg)
A 40-year-old man with HIV infection complains of headache, fever, and blurred vision. He takes AZT, 3TC, nelfinavir, dapsone, and INH. Exam shows thrush and perirectal vesicles. A CD4 count is 86/mm3 and a head MRI is negative. The most likely diagnosis of his CNS infection is:
a. T. pallidum T. pallidum b. Toxoplasma gondiiToxoplasma gondii c. Cryptococcus d. Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy e. H. simplexH. simplex
![Page 88: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/88.jpg)
A 32-year-old woman with HIV infection complains of intermittent diarrhea without fever for 30 days and fatigue. She takes d4T, 3TC, nevirapine, dapsone, and fluconazole. A CD4 count is 70/mm3. The single most likely diagnosis is infection due to:
a. Giardia b. E. histolytica c. C. difficile d. Salmonella e. Cryptosporidia
![Page 89: Hiv mcq](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062405/556af06bd8b42a86218b5314/html5/thumbnails/89.jpg)
A 32-year-old woman with HIV infection complains of intermittent diarrhea without fever for 30 days and fatigue. She takes d4T, 3TC, nevirapine, dapsone, and fluconazole. A CD4 count is 70/mm3. The single most likely diagnosis is infection due to:
a. Giardia Giardia b. E. histolytica E. histolytica c. C. difficile C. difficile d. SalmonellaSalmonella e. Cryptosporidia