History of the Ancient and Medieval World

Walsingham AcademyMrs. McArthur

Room 111

The New MonarchySpain and England

The Renaissance

The VoyagesOf Discovery

The Reformation

The Scientific Revolution

The New Monarchies

Emerging Nation States Foundation of Modern Europe

The New Monarchies• Machiavelli’s view of the successful ruler

– The prince: agent of change in state formation

– The need for unity, security and prosperity

• “How to” model: Absolutism emerges on continent

The monarch must break feudal ties to past

• What to look for in the successful state

The New Monarchies (cont.)

• Church and nobility subordinated to monarch• Bureaucracy to supervise royal policies• Royal system of justice• Royal monopoly on military power• Dependable and adequate source of income

Winners and losers in the modern Europe

First contestant: Spain

The Spanish Armada (1588)

the decisive action off Calais; the English attack at midnight led by the eight fire ships that forced the Spanish to cut their cables and escape to the East

Assignment 1•Read text, pp 504-508

•Complete outline

•Answer Thinking Critically, pp 506

•Answer question, View of Toledo, pp 508

•Complete Map Skills activity, pp 505

Palace of El Escorial where Philip II, King of Spain, planned the invasion of England by the Armada

Note Taking Outline

4 of 6

Spain’s Golden Age (1550-1650)

Government1. Phillip II makes

himself absolute ruler

Wars1.

Arts1.

Religion1.

2. 2. 2. 2.

3. 3. 3. 3.

4.Uses Inquisition to Fight Protestantism

Positive and Negative Effects

of Wealth from the Americas on Spain

Wealth from the Americas NegativePositive

Siglo de Oro (1550-1650)

Spanish Tapestry

1. What details reflect Renaissance values?

2. What details support image of Spanish power and prestige?

The New Monarchies England

• “Good Queen Bess” dies (1603): Stuarts inherit• Divine Right: “I will not be content that my power be disputed upon.”

• Parliament Responds: English Civil War (Cavaliers and Roundheads)

• King beheaded “I am a martyr of the people.” (1649)

• The Commonwealth, The Restoration and The Glorious Revolution (Whew!)

• Winning state or losing state in the new Europe?Analysis

Assignment 2• Read text, pp. 516-520

• Define blue terms

• Answer questions 4 Checkpoint questions

• Answer Thinking Critically, Infographic, pp 519

Cavalier Style: (à la van Dyck)Long, flowing ringlets, elaborate, embellished

clothes and plumed hats!

Assignment 3• Read text, pp. 520-523• Answer 2 Checkpoint

questions• Define terms• Answer thematic

Questions, pp 521 and 522

Roundhead Style:Short hair, plain (military) dress

Oliver Cromwell

Lord Protector of England 1653-1658

Assignment 4• Complete activities on following two slides.

Assignment 5Test Yourself- Chp. 16, Sec. 1/3

Exams are coming!

Thomas Hobbes: Leviathan

•No arts; no letters; no society; and which is worst of all, continual fear and danger of violent death; and the life of man, solitary, poor, nasty, brutish and short.

•The Papacy is not other than the Ghost of the deceased Roman Empire, sitting crowned upon the grave thereof.

•The condition of man…is a condition of war of everyone against everyone.

Written in 1651, Leviathan is considered by many to be the foundation of modern, western political philosophy.

1. What view of “man in a state of nature” does Hobbes appear to have?

2. What prescription might he have had for his country?

3. What legacy do you think has left us?

Absolutism

Spain

England

Analyze and Justify.

Analyze the Visual Evidence

2 Portraits: 2 Absolute Monarchs – How do they want to be perceived!