HISTORY OF TEXTILE

Before 3000 BC the cotton cloth was produced in India. The place where the production was made was Indus Valley. It is probably true that spinning and weaving of cotton cloth originated in India although Egypt also claimed to be the first to produce cloth from cotton as well as from flax. But depending on the opinion of the historian we may say that cotton was first being manufactured into cloth in India and Egypt.Through out the succeeding centuries use of cotton was increasing for different textile purposes, the knowledge of cotton goods spreaded by armies, explorers and traders. The first trading of cotton in Britain was at the end of the 15th Century.In the Second half of the 16th Century, Flemish weavers started settling in England, particularly in Lancashire and continued manufacturing their arts and crafts. Although woolen and worsted cloths would be produced, it is thought that this was the base for the growth for both wool and cotton. At this time Most of the cotton goods were used in Britain and also during 17th century cotton goods were obtained from India. The production of cotton good in Lancashire grew very slowly in the 17th century. During the first part of the 18th century various laws were passed for prohibiting the cultivation of cotton.The method of producing spun yarn for the loom has changed a little up to the 18 th

Century. In 1555 a German Johann Jurgen invented the Saxon wheel. The idea came from the sketch of world famous artist Leonardo da Vinchi. This wheel was different from the ordinary spinning wheel. By using a cranked arm on a larger wheel and by incorporating a foot treadle the spindle could be revolved.From about the middle to the end of the 18th century many important inventions were introduced. This time may be regarded as the time of invention in the cotton industry. A number of inventions of this period are shown below:

Year Inventor Invention1733 John Key Flying Shuttle1738 Lwis Paul Drafting by means of rollers1748 Lwis Paul Carding m /c1760 Robert Key son of John Key Drop box loom1764 James Hargreaves (A weaver) Spinning Jenny1774 Samuel Crompton Mule spinning m /c1775 Richmond Arkwright Improvement of doffing & coiling

arrangement1785 Edmond Carkwright Power loom1825 Robert Ring Spinning1828 John Thorp Revolving flat card (Improved types of

carding)1846 Heilman Combing of cotton1896 Naesmith Improved comber1900 to till date

---- New machines with modified Mechanical, Electrical, Microprocessor and Robot attachment.