history of native plants
DESCRIPTION
A student presentation on native plants.TRANSCRIPT
A Historical Look A Historical Look at the Native at the Native
Plants of Plants of MinnesotaMinnesota
By Elizabeth HaspertBy Elizabeth Haspert
The Biomes of MNThe Biomes of MN
PrairiePrairie
Deciduous ForestDeciduous Forest
Coniferous ForestConiferous Forest
FreshwaterFreshwater
Human Culture InteractionHuman Culture Interaction
New Jersey TeaNew Jersey Tea
A woody shrub found in sandy areasA woody shrub found in sandy areas
After the Boston Tea Party, colonists began to After the Boston Tea Party, colonists began to make black tea from the New Jersey Tea plant make black tea from the New Jersey Tea plant due to the shortage of teadue to the shortage of tea
Other uses includeOther uses include Missouri tribes burned tea leaves as wood fuelMissouri tribes burned tea leaves as wood fuel Chippewa tribes used the roots for pulmonary Chippewa tribes used the roots for pulmonary
and constipation troublesand constipation troubles Cherokee used roots for tooth aches and hot Cherokee used roots for tooth aches and hot
root tea for bowel problemsroot tea for bowel problems
The Boston Tea PartyThe Boston Tea Party
Lead PlantLead Plant
Has roots three times the size of the plant, Has roots three times the size of the plant, usually four feet or deeperusually four feet or deeper
Hated by pioneers for its deep roots because Hated by pioneers for its deep roots because it often broke plowsit often broke plows
Common name derived from the belief the Common name derived from the belief the plant grew where there was lead in the plant grew where there was lead in the groundground
Also called Prairie Shoestring (after its long Also called Prairie Shoestring (after its long roots)roots)
Pioneers Plowing Pioneers Plowing Minnesota PrairieMinnesota Prairie
BedstrawBedstraw
Name comes from the plant being used to Name comes from the plant being used to stuff bedsstuff beds
Also believed to be one of the plants in the Also believed to be one of the plants in the hay in the manger in Bethlehemhay in the manger in Bethlehem
Used to curdle milk in order to make cheese Used to curdle milk in order to make cheese as well as give the cheese coloras well as give the cheese color
Used as an herbal remedy forUsed as an herbal remedy for Urinary diseasesUrinary diseases Kidney stonesKidney stones Epilepsy Epilepsy HysteriaHysteria
From Plant to BeddingFrom Plant to Bedding
White Pine White Pine
Identifiable by its five needles per “leaf”, equal to the number of Identifiable by its five needles per “leaf”, equal to the number of letters in whiteletters in white
Called King’s Tree because it was “reserved” for the British Royal Called King’s Tree because it was “reserved” for the British Royal Navy Navy
Used as the masts on ships including the Used as the masts on ships including the USS ConstitutionUSS Constitution
During American Revolution, patriots enjoyed seeing how many During American Revolution, patriots enjoyed seeing how many white pines one could cut down and haul awaywhite pines one could cut down and haul away
Drove expansion westward because it was a favorite tree of Drove expansion westward because it was a favorite tree of loggersloggers
Used for building construction, furniture, and paneling in colonial Used for building construction, furniture, and paneling in colonial homes pre-Civil Warhomes pre-Civil War
Has also been used as food and herbal medicine by Algonquians, Has also been used as food and herbal medicine by Algonquians, Ojibwe, and Chippewa tribesOjibwe, and Chippewa tribes
Has five times the amount of Vitamin C of lemons!Has five times the amount of Vitamin C of lemons!
USS ConstitutionUSS Constitution
Common YarrowCommon Yarrow
Has been used in a variety of ways throughout Has been used in a variety of ways throughout historyhistory As a vegetable in the 17As a vegetable in the 17thth century century As herbal medicineAs herbal medicine To stop bleeding, as it was used by Achilles To stop bleeding, as it was used by Achilles
Two English nursery rhymes refer to yarrowTwo English nursery rhymes refer to yarrow ““Yarroway, yarroway, bear a white blow,Yarroway, yarroway, bear a white blow,
If my love love me, my nose will bleed now.”If my love love me, my nose will bleed now.” ““Thou pretty herb of Venus’ tree,Thou pretty herb of Venus’ tree,
Thy true name it is yarrow,Thy true name it is yarrow,
Now who my bosom friend must be,Now who my bosom friend must be,
Pray tell thou me to-morrow.”Pray tell thou me to-morrow.”
The Yarrow FairyThe Yarrow Fairy
BearberryBearberry
Common name derived from the edible fruit bears enjoy Common name derived from the edible fruit bears enjoy eatingeating
Had many uses throughout historyHad many uses throughout history Chinese used it as a diuretic, as well as to treat kidney and Chinese used it as a diuretic, as well as to treat kidney and
urinary problems urinary problems Anishinaable tribes used bearberry, red bark willow, and Anishinaable tribes used bearberry, red bark willow, and
red osier dogwood to make tobaccored osier dogwood to make tobacco Cheyenne used it to treat back sprainsCheyenne used it to treat back sprains Early European settlers in the Americas used bearberry to Early European settlers in the Americas used bearberry to
treat kidney stones, urinary system diseases, and treat kidney stones, urinary system diseases, and inflammation of the kidney inflammation of the kidney
Called kinnikinick when used for tobacco, meaning Called kinnikinick when used for tobacco, meaning mixturemixture
Bear Eating BearberryBear Eating Bearberry
Sphagnum MossSphagnum Moss
Grows in bogs Grows in bogs
Very acidic, yet very sterileVery acidic, yet very sterile
Can absorb up to twenty times its weightCan absorb up to twenty times its weight
Used as bandages to dress wounds in World Used as bandages to dress wounds in World War IWar I
Also used in diapers and as feminine napkinsAlso used in diapers and as feminine napkins
Dried, compact sphagnum moss is known as Dried, compact sphagnum moss is known as peat mosspeat moss
Used today as animal bedding, insulating Used today as animal bedding, insulating material, and in potted plants material, and in potted plants
From Sphagnum to Peat From Sphagnum to Peat MossMoss
CattailCattail
A wetland plant that grows along the edge of A wetland plant that grows along the edge of a lake or in a marsha lake or in a marsh
Has had many different uses Has had many different uses Native American tribes have used cattail as Native American tribes have used cattail as
lining for moccasins, bedding, pillows, diapers, lining for moccasins, bedding, pillows, diapers, and baby powderand baby powder
The lining in life vests The lining in life vests As food including the yellow pollen that can be As food including the yellow pollen that can be
used like flour used like flour
Cattail PancakesCattail Pancakes
1/2 C cattail pollen1/2 C cattail pollen1/2 C all purpose flour1/2 C all purpose flour2 tsp baking powder2 tsp baking powder1 C milk (reconstituted can be used) or 1 C milk (reconstituted can be used) or use buttermilk with additional 1/2 tsp sodause buttermilk with additional 1/2 tsp soda1 egg or egg substitute1 egg or egg substitute1/4 tsp salt1/4 tsp salt1 Tbsp sugar1 Tbsp sugar2 Tbsp oil2 Tbsp oil
Mix dry ingredients, then add milk and oil. Mix dry ingredients, then add milk and oil. Mix only until moistened. Heat griddle or pan until Mix only until moistened. Heat griddle or pan until water drops sizzle. Pour batter on the hot griddle. water drops sizzle. Pour batter on the hot griddle. Turn pancakes when they are full of bubbles, just Turn pancakes when they are full of bubbles, just before they break. Serve hot. Makes 10 four inch before they break. Serve hot. Makes 10 four inch pancakes.pancakes.
SwitchgrassSwitchgrass
Thought to be an alternative biofuel to help Thought to be an alternative biofuel to help reduce America’s dependency foreign oilreduce America’s dependency foreign oil
Currently used to feed livestock or as a Currently used to feed livestock or as a groundcover to control erosiongroundcover to control erosion
Scientists work to genetically modify Scientists work to genetically modify switchgrass to make it more promising as a switchgrass to make it more promising as a biofuelbiofuel
Opponents concerned switchgrass will be Opponents concerned switchgrass will be overgrown and grown in non-native areas overgrown and grown in non-native areas
Benefits of SwitchgrassBenefits of Switchgrass
ResourcesResources
Halliwell-Phillipps, J.O. (1849). Halliwell-Phillipps, J.O. (1849). Popular rhymes and nursery tales. Popular rhymes and nursery tales. John Russell Smith: London. John Russell Smith: London.
http://www.botanical.com/botanical/mgmh/b/bedlad25.htmlhttp://www.botanical.com/botanical/mgmh/b/bedlad25.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Achillea_millefoliumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Achillea_millefolium
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bearberryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bearberry
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern_White_Pinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern_White_Pine
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sphagnumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sphagnum
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Typhahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Typha
http://www.easywildflowers.com/http://www.easywildflowers.com/
http://www.wildflower.org/http://www.wildflower.org/