Terms – Part A A. Book Musical – is a form of theatre combining _______,

________, ______, and _____. The story traces the fortunes of the main characters through a series of adventures with a __________, _________ and _____.

B. Libretto – the _______or _______of an opera or similar extended musical composition.

C. Librettist – the _________ of the Libretto

D. Lyricist – The person who wrote _________ to the songs

E. Composer – The person who wrote the ________________.

F. Score - _____________ music for (a movie, play, television show)

G. Book – The person who wrote the __________/__________ for the show.

Terms – Part B 1. Opera – a drama set entirely to ___________and all text is _________.

2. Operetta - contains scenes with ____________dialogue that alternate with __________

telling a romantic story. It features solos, duets, trios and choral numbers.

3. Musical Comedy – a form of musical entertainment from the 1920s that features a light ___________ story interspersed with ______________music with a silly or far fetched story.

4. Revue – musical entertainment in which _______________ and vignettes alternate with musical numbers. Scene and songs are stand alone and do not have a ____________ ____________line.

5. The American “Book” Musical - musical numbers alternate with spoken scenes; solos, duets alternate with choral numbers; singing alternates with dance numbers; comic songs and scenes alternate with serious songs and scenes/story progresses from one character to another to tell an exciting ______________ ______________with a beginning, middle and end.

Vaudeville = Variety Show Began in the 1880s 8. Cheap and popular ______________

_____________ included all genders and races. If you were “odd” that was fine:

beauty was not a requirement. Focus was on Frivolity, Enthusiasm ,

Absurdity Acts could not take longer than 10

minutes Costume was instantly recognizable 9. Training ground for _____________

______________. Individual performer was the focus

Vaudeville Acts Included – 10. know any 5 of these*

• Female impersonators • Shadowists • Bird Imitators • Hand Cuff Chain and Trunk Acts • Chapeaugraphy • Lightening Calculators • Equilibrists • Clay Modelers • Fancy Diver and Swimmers • Living Picture Models • Statuary Posing • Paper Tearing • Whistlers • Billiardists • Hypnotists • Contortionists • Magicians • Ukulele Players • Acrobats • Knife Throwers • Eccentric Acts • Unicycle

• Hobo Acts (Judy Garland – We’re a Couple of Swells)

• Comedy Cartoonists • Ethiopian Entertainers • Feats of Strength • Electrical Acts • Knockabout acts • Iron Jaw acts • Cornetists • Gun spinners • Trick Pianists • Rolling Globe Acts • Tabloid Plays • Novelty Ladder Acts • Parody Singers • Yodelers • Mind Reading • Knife Throwing • Regurgitators • Dancing Dogs • Jugglers • Children Acts

Vaudeville 11. From the handful of performers which brassy

Broadway belter made the transfer to film and radio?

12. From the handful of performers, whose last name was originally Zimmerman?

Gene Kelly Danny Kay Fred Astair Ginger Rogers Buster Keaton George Burns W.C. Fields Al Jolson Eddie Cantor Jimmy Durante Bob Hope The Marx Brothers Fanny Brice (Funny Girl) Jack Benny Jimmy Cagney Charlie Chaplan Bert Williams (first black performer to be accepted by all

races) Ethel Merman The Andrew Sisters Abott and Costello

Vaudeville ended because of the performers inability to adapt to film and radio.

Minstrel Show Began with Northern white

performers who observed Blacks entertaining themselves and imitated them

13. They put _____________ on their faces and parodied the _________.

Eventually, Black Americans started their own companies but continued to be expected to portray black stereo types set up by the white performers

14. White companies continued to use black stereo types but couldn’t compete with their authenticity or talent

15. Lasted until the ___________ (year)

Burlesque 16. A ______-

style show with _______ overtones.

17. For the majority of the 19th C burlesque included dramatic sketches and songs that __________ other theatrical forms

18. Near the end

of the 19th C it was synonymous with vulgar sketches and “girlie shows” or a __________tease)

Ziegfeld Follies 19. Name the legendary producer and first impresario of the American

Musical ___________________

20. This is a ___________show with several different _____.

21. Grandiose sets and costumes, comedy and ___________.

22. Amalgamation of _________ communities and _________ routines – the entertainment melting pot

23. Glorifying the American girl and her __________ Zigfield Follies: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SJpsZvpu6FY Gypsy: Burlesque - http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gFRSawe33sA

Even if you're on the right track, you'll get run over if you just sit there.

Ziegfeld Follies of 1918-20s Started to use Big Named Stars!!!! Marilyn Miller Fanny Bryce Will Rodgers-who became a leader around the country with his

humor & information. Vaudville http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SA6wYvVnq4g Bob hope http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vjXQ-

MRmROQ&feature=related A good example of several acts -

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_SfO30jvReU Vaudville video part 1:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vZo4imTt4Og http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PsVQ9e8nWx0&feature=relate

d

George M. Cohan 1878 - 1942 24. 1. Grew up in a __________ performance family

25. Was an innovator who wrote the book, music and lyrics for his own shows in which he also performed.

26. 2. In his musical shows, he gave his songs an American flavour and made his dialogue more realistic than the common musicals of the time. His shows moved toward the “________________”

27. 3. Focused on _____________ subjects and made his ________relate to the story.

28. 4. Wrote the Songs “Give My ___________to ___________” and “__________ Doodle Dandy”

George M Cohan

29. The only individual with a __________ on Broadway

ALWAYS ended with, “My father thanks you, my mother thanks you, my sister thanks you, and I-thank you.”

Born: Israel Isidore Baline Immigrated with his family

from Russia.

Lived in abject poverty

30. Started to sing at age _____ for a living

31. Wrote: “White _________”, “Blue _________”, “Puttin on the ______”, “God Bless America”, “Annie Get Your ______ (1946)”

32. His name was mis-spelled on a poster and he became Irving ___________and he decided it was a good name for an American _________________and he kept it.

The Princess Musicals – 1915- 1919 Named for the Princess Theatre 33. Jerome _________composed 16 Broadway scores

between 1915 and 1919. His musicals used modern, humourous, intimate ,

intimate stories that were more cohesive than previous shows.

Other composers and lyricists were adapting European Operetta to American purposes.

34. ________Hammerstein II (1895 – Aug 23rd 1960) 35. The __________ were extinguished on Sept 1st

1960 at pm on Broadway in memory of his __________.

36. ________ Hammerstein combined the best of operetta and native musical comedy to create the _______and _________for “Showboat” and Jerome ___________composed the musical score.

1920 -1930 Guys Famous for Writing “STANDARDS” Composers

37. Irving Berlin (1888 – 1989) “_____________ __________ ___________ ___________”, “Easter Parade” (wrote his own lyrics)

38. ______________________(1893 – 1964) “I Get A Kick Out of You”, “Night And Day” (wrote his own lyrics)

39. Jerome Kern (1885 – 1945) “____________ _________ ___ _______ _______”, “Who?”

40. ______________Gershwin (1898 1937) “Fascinating Ryhthm”, “Someone To Watch Over Me”, “Embraceable You”

41. Richard Rogers (1902 – 1979) – “__________________”, “Falling in Love with Love”

Lyricists

42. ______Gershwin (1896 – 1983) wrote lyrics for his brother ______________.

43. Lorenz Hart (1895 – 1943)

1920 -1930 Guys Famous for Writing “STANDARDS”

Who wrote what with who:? Collaborations

44. Richard Rogers and _________________________– Oklahoma, South Pacific, The Sound of Music

45. _______ _______ and Lorenze Hart – Pal Joey and Babes in Arms

46. Jerome Kern and Oscar Hammerstein II - _________________

47. Frederick ________and Alan Jay ___________– My Fair Lady, Camelot, Brigadoon

48. John Kander and Fred Ebb – _____________ and Chicago

1920 -1930 Guys Famous for Writing “STANDARDS”

1950s 49. Jule Styne and Stephen Sondheim – Gypsy 50. Leonard Bernstein (1918 – 1990) and Stephen Sondheim (1930 - ) –

_________ _________ ____________

1970s 51. Andrew Lloyd Webber and (lyricist ) _______ _______– Evita, Jesus Christ

Superstar, Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dream Coat, Phantom of the Opera, Les Miserable, Cats

52. 43. Elton John and (lyricist) ________ ________– Aida, The Lion King

SHOWBOAT Showboat premiered

on December 27, 1927.

One of a dozen shows to premiere that night.

One of TWO to remain running the following evening.

SHOWBOAT’S IMPORTANCE

53. Music By ________ ______

54. Book & Lyrics by Oscar _________________II

55. Produced by Florenz ____________.

Based on the novel by Edna Ferber

SHOWBOAT’s Firsts 56. First musical where the music

moved the ________ of the play forward.

First musical to have depth to the book.

It was Socially Relevant, 57. Addressed the issue of ________in

the plot; which was not allowed before that time;

Inter-Racial Couple in a primary role; black woman and a white man as well as black workers on the levees of the Mississippi River

58. African-Americans in major

_________.

SHOWBOAT’s Firsts 2

59. First musical to be a ___________; up until that time they were musical-comedies.

60. First _______ musical; it is multi-generational with three generations of one family dealing with love.

61. First musical to inspire more than one __________.

62. First musical to be performed by _________companies.

63. Eliminated the line of __________girls.

Songs from SHOWBOAT

64. Ol’ _______ River

65. Can’t Help Loving Dat ______

Why Do I Love You

Bill

Make Believe

After The Ball-which was a contemporary song that was included into the show to give the production a modern feel.

George & Ira Gershwin

Brothers dedicated to musical theatre 66. Of ____ _I Sing (1931) Political and cultural satire 67. First musical to be awarded a ___________Prize

Porgy & Bess 1935-All African-American Opera/Musical Theatre

68. Gershwin called it a “________ ________”

69. Music by __________ Gershwin

70. Lyrics by ____Gershwin & DuBose Heyward

71. Book by __________ Heyward based on his novel, Porgy.

Incredibly important in breaking down stereotypes.

Porgy & Bess

Famous Songs… 72. “I’ve Got Plenty of Nuttin’”

“Summertime”, “It Ain’t Necessarily So”

“I Love You Porgy”,

“Bess You Is My Woman Now”

OKLAHOMA!

73. Music by:

___________ Rodgers

74. Lyrics & Book by:

Oscar _______________ II

Based on the novel Green Grows the Lilacs, about the founding of Oklahoma.

OKLAHOMA! - 1943

75. First musical to use __________ to move the plot forward.

76. “Dream” __________ moves the show forward.

77. Choreographer – _________ ___ __________

OKLAHOMA!

78. It is considered the first fully ____________ musical. The entire show fuses story, music, lyrics, and dances together with tone, mood and intention.

Oklahoma: Dream Dance with Hugh Jackman: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zSGWoXDFM64&feature=related

Original Choreography for the Dream Ballet: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rxzMqbJtlX0&feature=fvsr

Rodgers & Hammerstein Musicals

Oklahoma was the first of a long line of successes for this collaborative pair.

Name two other musicals written by Rogers and Hammerstein

79. _______________- deals with World War II & Racism

80. ____ ________ __ _______ - deals with the Nazis in Austria, a bunch of kids and some nuns.

Lerner & Loewe’s My Fair Lady

81. This is the first Broadway show for actress, __________ _________ before she played a renegade nun!

1956-Very Important the words are meant to be SPOKEN, not

sung

Rex Harrison could not sing

This led later to Rap Music, early rap artists recount hearing this album when they were kids.

1957 WEST SIDE STORY: A modern day Romeo & Juliet

82. Music by __________ Bernstein. 82. Concept by Jerome __________. 82. Book by Arthur __________. 82. Lyrics by Stephen __________. 82. Directed & Choreographed by: _________ ________

Importance of West Side Story

83. _______________relevant-dealing with real issues of racism, immigration, teenagers, gangs

84. First show with Stephen Sondheim who writes : _______________ Very daring for theatre Parents called for the closing of the show and the theaters Now Others can take risks of the show West Side Story, opening scene :

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m8R9GiLImSw WWS, Mambo:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kokbJvSEMUY&feature=related Meets Grease – at the dance: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-

Lf9gftFhKY&feature=related

Stephen Sondheim Shows 1959- Gypsy!: music by Jule Styne, book by Arthur

Laurents, lyrics by Sondheim

1963- A Funny Thing Happened On The Way To The Forum-music & lyrics

1970- Company (concept musical about relationships)

1971- Follies - (concept musical about the former starts of Ziegfeld Follies)

1973- A Little Night Music

Sondheim Shows (2) 1975- Pacific Overtures

1979- Sweeney Todd

1984- Sunday In The Park With George

1987- Into The Woods

1990- Assassins

1994- Passion

1996- Getting Away With Murder (play)

2001- Bounce

Fiddler on the Roof: The End of an Era

Opened 1964

Music by Jerry Bock (1928 - )

Lyrics by Sheldon Harnick (1924 - )

Book by Joseph Stein (1912 - )

Choreographed by Jerome Robbins

Three Shows of Importance 60s & 70s 1. Fiddler on the Roof (1964) – music by Jerry Bock, lyrics –

Sheldon Harnick, book – Joseph Stein, choreographed – Jerome Robbins

2. Hair (1967) written by Galt MacDermot and Gerome Ragni. Had no real story line and was the first in a series of very cultural & social musicals… “pop”

And……

3. A Chorus Line- 1975

Music by Marvin Hammlisch

Lyrics by Edward Kleban

Directed by Michael Bennett (1943 – 1987)

3rd Longest Running Show in Broadway history

Symbolized the ascendancy of choreographer/directors like

Jerome Robbins, Bob Fosse and Michael Bennett

1970s The British “Musical” Invasion

Starting in the 19thC with Gilbert and Sullivan

Two British men who were friends

They wrote formal “Mini” operas

All Following a similar theme

Theme of a G and S show:

Young Lovers Meet & are forbidden to marry

Someone complicates their relationship

Several Comic Characters

Must have a “Patter” Song

1970s The British “Musical” Invasion

The Pirates of Penzance - Poor Wandering One (linda ronstadt- http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fAFRRYyrx7o

Modern Major General: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zSGWoXDFM64&feature=related

The Mikado - Three little Maids: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mXWkIZUPmDY&feature=fvwrel

HMS Pinafore

1970s The British “Musical” Invasion

1971 Jesus Christ Superstar

Music by Andrew Lloyd Webber

Lyrics by Tim Rice

Started as a concept album & grew into a major performance and cultural aspect

Very avant-garde & minimalistic

“Rock” Opera- all sung

1979- Evita!

1980 – Cats

1986 – Les Miserable

1987 Phantom of the Opera

1989 – Miss Saigon

They were Spectacle Shows BIG….BIG…BIG!!!!!

Very Technical

Very Expensive Sets & Lighting

Large Casts

Special Effects Heavy

Inspired from the British

Cats in 1982 is the 2nd-longest running show

Other Shows by Andrew Lloyd Webber

1987- Starlight Express

1988- The Phantom of the Opera (Longest running show on Broadway)

1990- Aspects of Love

1992- Joseph & the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat (revivial)

1994- Sunset Boulevard

1998- Whistle Down The Wind

2005- The Woman In White

Other Spectacle Shows Les Miserables- 1987

Epic; Based on the classic novel

Miss Saigon- 1990

Vietnam story

Big shows still in effect, but drop in sales

Revivals rule the 90s, until 1996…

RENT Modern Day Opera based on La Boheme

Brought back cutting edge realism into the theater

Very Minimalistic- low key

The story & characters moved the show, not the special effects

Allowed others to TAKE RISKS!

1996-98 1996-Bring In Da’ Noise, Bring In Da’ Funk- brought

tap back to its roots

1996/7- Chicago (revival)- small & minimalistic

1997- Titanic-big & grand, but with small elements

1998 1998- Ragtime & The Lion King-powerful and

cutting-edge

1998- Cabaret! (revisal)- Change in the classic show; the future?

1999 The Who’s Tommy-1969; just an album…Becomes a

Broadway show in 1991…HOWEVER- it is the 1st Rock Opera

The Focus of 1999 Is A Combination Of Updating The Past…A form of REVISAL You’re A Good Man Charlie Brown

Fosse (Tony Award Winner)

Kiss Me Kate

Annie Get Your Gun

The Music Man

The NEW Century

The Musicals Of 2000 Are Finding New Life In Putting Together Past & Present

Contact- dance show…TONY

The Suessical (flop)

2001-A New Era ?

• The PRODUCERS

• Record # or TONY Awards

• Movie 1st

• The Full Monty

• Also a movie

• Urinetown

• Another Satire

• Sweet Smell of Success-2002

2001-2002

Movies & Rock’n Roll

Thoroughly Modern Millie (TONY)

Hairspray…Destined to be a classic(TONY)

Chicago

ROCK

Mamma Mia (Abba)

MOVIN’ Out (Billy Joel)

POST 9/11-TODAY

Comedies

Avenue Q,

Putnam County

The Drowsy Chaperone

“POP-Sicals”

IMAGINE

JERSEY BOYS

POST 9/11- TODAY

Movies Spam-a-lot

High Fidelity

Revivals

Little Shop Of Horrors

The Pajama Game

Revisals

Sweeney Todd & Company