1

Can you tell a chicken from a fish? A human from a turtle? http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/beta/evolution/guess-embryo.html

Sure you can…complete “Timing is everything” activity

When you are done get your INB ready for cornell notes on the History of Evolutionary Thought.

2http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/teachers/activities/2317_odyultim.html#answer

3

Catastrophism Uniformatiarianism

Lamarck Darwin

Inheritance Of Acquired TraitsTraits Acquired During Ones Lifetime

Would Be Passed To Offspring

4

What happened in 30-50 MY’s?

•Charles Lyell - proposed earth formed MYA not thousands of years ago

•Thomas Malthus – struggle for existence through available resources

5

:

• John Baptiste Lamarck 1700’s – Inheritance of acquired Characteristics and Law of Use and Disuse

• Alfred Russel Wallace – came to the same conclusions as Darwin

6

:

Hardy-Weinberg – researched changes in allelic frequencies. For example, what might happen in a population of mice, if their ability to run quickly and escape predation was due to a single genetic trait?

7

1st to group similar organisms and assign them Latin names (Taxonomy)

Binomial Nomenclature (Genus species)

8

9

Charles DarwinWrote On the Origin

of Species by Means of Natural Selection AKA The OriginFossil RecordTaxonomyComparative AnatomyComparative

EmbryologyBiogeography

10

11Darwin returned 5 years later in 1836Darwin returned 5 years later in 1836

Small Group of Islands 1000 km West of South America

Very Different ClimatesAnimals On Islands Unique

TortoisesIguanasFinches

12

13

What differences do you see in the Galapagos Islands

Tortoises?

14

Finches resembled a mainland finchMore types of finches appeared where the

available food was different (seeds, nuts, berries, insects…)

Finches had different types of beaks adapted to type of food gathering…ex of:Speciation

15

16

How did the finch speciation occur? What environmental,

genetic, physical changes took place?

17

What a Beak Activity (UTDanaCtr) can be used to elaborate on speciation/ natural selection

Peppered Moth Activity (UTDanaCtr) can be used to elaborate natural selection due to environmental changes.

Easter Island Activity (UTDanaCtr) can be used for natural selection due to human impact

Natural Selection lab can be used

Day three

Evolution is a gradual change in the characteristics of a species over time. The structures, behaviors, interactions, and internal processes observed in the millions of species on this planet are the result of the process of evolution.

Charles Darwin stated that evolution by natural selection explained how populations of organisms evolve.

1. Embryology2. DNA sequences3. Fossils4. Anatomical structures

Similarity in Similarity in embryo development shows a shows a close relationship (vertebrate embryos all (vertebrate embryos all have tail & gill slits)have tail & gill slits)

Sure you can…Sure you can…complete complete “Timing is “Timing is everything” everything” activityactivity

by comparing the DNA sequences of two organisms or the amino acid sequences made from the DNA, scientists can learn which organisms are related; the more DNA two organisms have in common, the closer related they are

2. DNA

1. Using the table, compare the amino acid sequence of the chimp and the human.

2. Notice that for this protein the chimp and human have the exact same sequence.

3. Now compare the baboon and the human.

4. Notice that there are 5 differences in the sequence.

5. This tells you that the human is more closely related to the chimp than the baboon.

24

Pro Tyr Asn

Pro Gln Asn

Pro Arg Asn

1: GGC ATG TTA2. GGC GTT TTA3. GGC TCT TTA

In undisturbed layers of sedimentary rock, the deeper it is, the older it is.

Give us information about extinct species.

An inherited trait that increases the population’s chances of survival and reproduction is an adaptation

•homologous structures: structure with different functions found in different species and thought to be inherited from common ancestors

ex: whales, cats and birds all have the same # and type of bones in the forelimbs but their functions are different

•analogous structures:have the different structures but the same function & do not show a close relationship

Come up with your own examples

29

Evolution DNA Sequences phylogeny survival of the fittest homologous

structures anatomical

similarities analogous structures natural selection embryology sedimentary rock variation

adaptation vestigial organs speciation fossils camouflage mutation mimicry speciation niche species extinction common ancestor

30

31