Sheet1HISTORY OF ARCHITECTUREPERIODARCHITECTUREARCH'L CHARACTERSYSTEM OF CONSTNDESCRIPTIONSTRUCTURESMATERIALSARCHL HIGHLIGHTCOMPARATIVE ANALYSISEgyptianCols.;Cols are hide1. TombEntrance gateway: Pylon-mastaba-pyramid-rock-cut/hewn-temple-sphinx-obeliskWest Asiatic1. Mesopotamian-babylonian/chaldean pdMassive, military,Arch & Vault1. ZigurratsBrickFlatformnon-columnar2. Palace-mud bake-sun dried2. AssyrianDoorways:1. ZigurratsChiseled alabasterBattlemented &-semi-circular arch2. PalaceslabcrestingsRoof:-flat externally-barrel vault insideNo colsNo MouldingsSculpture:-monsters @ doorways3. PersianColumnar & treabeatedWooden, monumental,1. PalaceFlatformPalaces:magnificent,commanding,-wider than mesopotamiaformal, decorativeCol: slenderCols:bricks & stones-stoneWalls:-bricksWall surfacing:-bricks (polychrome)Roof:-timber (flat)Openings:-square headedMouldings:- copied from egyptOrnaments:- copied from mesopotamiaGreek1. Mycenean/Minoan/aegean1. Palace-followed by megaronStonework2. Tomb2. Greek/HellenisticSimple & HarmoniousPost & LintelPurity of line, perfect proportions,1. Templemarblelacunaria @ ceilingtemple: towards eastdefine details, monumental,2. TheatreCol: entassisformal, static, columnar3. Public Bldgs-agoraEntrance gateway: PropyleaOpenings:-stoa-windowless-prythaneon-door-square headed-bouleterionRoof:-stadium-covered w/ marble-hippodrome-palaestra-gymnasium4. Domestic Bldg5. TombRomanVassiness &Arctuated & trabeatedWall surfacing1. forumfountainsEntrance gateway: ProthyrumornamentationButtresses2. templeChurch: BasilicanOrientation & magnifi-Semi-circular openings3. basilicacentVaulted roof4. thermaeMouldings: profiles of circles5. theatreOrnaments: scroll of acantus6. burial placesstatues, mural painting, mosaic7. commemorativeWall: brickmonumentsFloor:chevron8. palaces9. roman houses*garden*aqueducts*churches4th-12th centuryChristiansimplicityArcaded & trabeatedWalls: Recycled from romans1. ChurchesTemples & basilica:horizontalityOpenings: semi-circular headedbased from greek planRoof: Domed, semi-domedCemeteria:barrel vaults on side aisleschanged to catacombtimber truss on navesColumns: assortedMouldings: Recycled from romanOrnament: mosaic & fresco1834-15th CentByzantinesimple exterior,trabeated & domicalWalls: bricks diff patters-interior1. basilicabricks-no icons (prohibited)Churches: "greek cross"rich interiorpalin cement-exterior2. churchescementOpenings: Semicircular, horshoeRoofs: domicalCols: simple w/ dosseretOrnements: peacock, endlless-nop, sacred monoblock of riceCeiling: head & shoulder of christPendentives: 4-evangelistic figWalls: biblical stories-paintings8th-12th centuryRomanesqueSovern & dignifiedArctuatedWalls: corbel arches, pilaters1. churchstone-bell towersChurches: "Latin cross""roman-like-art"Window: wheel windoww/ monasteriesDoors: Main-projecting porchesRoof: VaultingColumns: coupledMouldings: SculpturesOrnaments: pre-fresco1. Italian RomanesqueCentral ItalyOrnamental arcadeFaade: divided into 4Northern ItalyFaade: w/ projectingporchSouthern Italy & SicilyStrike of colored marble-influence by muslimsNorth & southern FrancePointed archno side aislesFlanking towers onboth sidesGernmanwestern apse,entrance on lateral sides12th-16th CentGothicLofty & aspiring qualityArctuated &Plan: arrange for conveniencecathedralstone*famous architects"departure from classic arch""style ogivale"painted archesWalls: Rubble masonryFrance:Structural Honestyw/ flying butressesVillard de Henecourt& EconomyOpenings: pointed archesItaly:Windows: traceryArnolfo De CambioDoorways: jambsGermany:Roof: slate or lead coveringsPeter parlerribbed & panel vaultingEngland:Cols: om higher pierHenry Yevelle HughMouldings: varied as per countryHerlandOrnaments: stained glass, figure,sculptureFrench1. lancet period-pointed arches &geometric traceried wdos2. Rayonnant period-circular wdos w/ wheeltraceries3. Flambouyant prd.-flame-like of free flowingtraceryDutchBarge boardBelgianGerman"hall church" absence of triforumBrickItalianEnglandSpanishinfluence by frenchretado/reredo -iconostasisgothicintro of rejasRennaissancedignity & formalityPlan:symmetrical"rebirth of classic"mysticWall: Ashlar,rustication(exterior),Openings:Semi-circular archesJambs: recessedRoof: barell vault, dome w/ drumColumns: Classic orderMouldings: adapted to romansOrnaments: fresco (walls & ceiling)Sgraffito1. Baroque:-arch're of curve lines1.twisted cols2.curve & broken pedimentitalian baroquest. peter'spalaces build inside a "cortili"-seen in the interiorFrench Baroque-rococo2. Spanish Rennaisance"plateresque"-earlier"churriguerresque" -later3. English Rennaisanceoriel & bay window"elizabethan period"topiary hall19th centuryRevival1830-18501. Britain revivalgreek-roman revival-augustus pug-in-sir joseph paxton-sir william chambers-sir john soanne1830-18482. Continental European Revivalnew rennaissance-vignola-chalgrin-bradenburg gate1850-18753. Gothic & Rennaissance-sir g.g. scott-sir c. barry1875-1901Late VictorianEclectic architecture1848-1870Second empirehigh neo-rennaissance1870-1914Third republicneo-baroque-charles garnierQueen ann style-normanshaw20th centuryIndustrial RevolutionArt Noveauarts & Craft MovementReinforced concreteFrance: Le Modern StyleGremany: JugenstileAustria: sezzioneItaly: style libertySpain: ModernismoArt Deco: Metro politan-Organic & dynamic forms-curving designs-whiplash lightsModern Architectureglass & steelGlass, steel, & R.C.Folded Slab- Eugene FreysinetFlat Slab- Robert MillartLaminated TimberAmerican ArchitectureColonialGiorgian arch-indiaNationalClassical Revivalimp. ArchGithic Revival-Sullivan & WrightInt'l Style-philip johnson"Skyscrapper"-america's contrAsian ArchitectureMuslimMosque - place ofgopura-gatewaystalactiteprostrationarchesIndiaOpposite of muslimHinduism-chaitya templesVihamaGopuraBuddhism-stupavihara, chaitya, stambhaChinaStupa-pagodaPailou-gatewayJapaneseTokyo-braketRoof: accdg to mans wealtPagodatatamiTorii-gatewayThailandinfluence by the chinese1. watstupa: phara chedi2. botlibrary: mondop3. phara chedimonastery: kuti4. mondop5. kutiCambodianangkor watIndonesianBurabudurMyanmar (Burma)1. ZediStupa: Zedi2. KyaungMonastery: Kyaung3. TheinLibrary: Pitakat-taic4. Pitakat-TaicNepalTibet1. ChortenStupa: chorten2. SakyaMonastery: SakyaPhilippine

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