history in the digital age
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S U S A N M C E L R A T H
U N I V E R S I T Y A R C H I V I S T
Digital Projects in SpecialCollections
A M E R I C A N U N I V E R S I T Y M A R C H 7 , 2 0 1 2
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Digital Collections, Exhibits, and Repositories
What is the difference?
Repository multiple collections or institutions
Collection
Exhibit
one theme a selection of items
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Multi-Institutional Digital Repository
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Institutional Digital Repository
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Thematic Digital Collection
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Digital Exhibit
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Digital Exhibit on 1960 San Francisco Fire
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Alternate approach to same topic
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Digitization Project Planning
What work needs to be done;
How it will be done (according to which standards,specifications, best practices);
Who should do the work (and where);
How long the work will take; How much it will cost, both to "resource" the
infrastructure and to do the content conversion
http://www.ncecho.org/dig/guide_1planning.shtml http://www.nyu.edu/its/humanities/ninchguide/II/
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Components of Digitization Projects
Planning and Project Management
Selection File Formats master & access derivatives
Conservation Treatment
e orma ng Metadata Design & Creation
Quality Control
Web Platform Open source vs. proprietary systems
Preservation
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Selection Criteria
Should they be digitized?
Research Value May they be digitized? Copyright status
Can they be digitized? Condition
Format
http://www.nedcc.org/resources/leaflets/6Reformatting/06Prese
rvationAndSelection.php
http://www.dlib.org/dlib/september09/ooghe/09ooghe.html
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Digitization Standards
Technical Standards
Federal Agency Digitization Guidelines Initiative (FADGI) http://www.digitizationguidelines.gov/
NARA
http://www.cdlib.org/services/dsc/tools/docs/cdl_gdi_v2.pdf
University of Colorado
https://www.cu.edu/digitallibrary/cudldigitizationbp.pdf
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Metadata Requirements
Metadata Requirements
Descriptive Metadata Technical & Administrative Metadata
Element Sets and Standards
Du n Core http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/
METS/MODS
http://www.loc.gov/standards/mods/
http://www.loc.gov/standards/mets/ VRA Core
http://www.loc.gov/standards/vracore/
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Web Platform Options
Open Source Software
OMEKA Greenstone
DSpace
Proprietary Software Contentdm (OCLC)
Luna Insight
Digitool
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Web Harvesting involves:
Identifying and collecting web resources
Providing search capability for archived webcollections
Managing and preserving web resources
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Web Harvesting
The most common web archiving technique uses web
crawlers to automate the process of collecting webpages. Web crawlers typically view web pages in thesame manner that users with a browser see the Web,
method of remotely harvesting web content.
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Web Crawling Problems
Robots exclusion protocol may deny crawlers access
to portions of a website. Large portions of a web site may be hidden in the
deep Web.
Crawler traps may cause a crawler to download aninfinite number of pages, so crawlers are usuallyconfigured to limit the number of dynamic pagesthey crawl.
Calendars often cause problems for crawlers.
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Web Harvesting Resources
International Internet Preservation Consortium
http://netpreserve.org/about/index.php Library of Congress http://www.loc.gov/webarchiving
Archive-It (Service) www.archive-it.org
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American University Digital Collections