History History AndAnd

GovernmentsGovernments

Southeast AsiaSoutheast Asia

Ch. 22 Section 1Ch. 22 Section 1

New Cultures in New Cultures in Southeast AsiaSoutheast Asia

Two stronger, more advanced Two stronger, more advanced cultures influenced Southeast Asia: cultures influenced Southeast Asia: China and IndiaChina and India

New religions came to Southeast Asia New religions came to Southeast Asia from China and India: from China and India: Hinduism, Hinduism, Buddhism, and ConfucianismBuddhism, and Confucianism

Instead of states or nations, Southeast Instead of states or nations, Southeast Asia was made up of Asia was made up of mandalas.mandalas.

The mandala system stayed in place in The mandala system stayed in place in many parts of Southeast Asia until the many parts of Southeast Asia until the 1919thth century. century.

Over time, the mandalas developed Over time, the mandalas developed into states, and new ideas were into states, and new ideas were exchanged among the regions.exchanged among the regions.

In the ninth or tenth centuries Muslim In the ninth or tenth centuries Muslim traders brought Islam to the region.traders brought Islam to the region.

In the 1500’s, Christian missionaries In the 1500’s, Christian missionaries came to Southeast Asia and were came to Southeast Asia and were successful in the Philippines.successful in the Philippines.

Today, about 90% of Filipinos are Today, about 90% of Filipinos are Christian.Christian.

European ColonialismEuropean Colonialism

Europeans came to Southeast Asia for Europeans came to Southeast Asia for wealth, spices, gems, and gold in 1509.wealth, spices, gems, and gold in 1509.

In the 19In the 19thth and 20 and 20thth centuries Europeans centuries Europeans began to colonize nations in Southeast Asia.began to colonize nations in Southeast Asia.

During WWII the Japanese pushed most During WWII the Japanese pushed most Europeans from the region, but European Europeans from the region, but European influences, such as chili peppers and coffee influences, such as chili peppers and coffee remained.remained.

After IndependenceAfter Independence Brunei, Malaysia, Cambodia, and Thailand Brunei, Malaysia, Cambodia, and Thailand

are all are all constitutional monarchies.constitutional monarchies.

Indonesia, Philippines, and Singapore are Indonesia, Philippines, and Singapore are republics.republics.

Laos and Vietnam are Laos and Vietnam are communist.communist.

Myanmar has been a Myanmar has been a military dictatorship military dictatorship since 1988.since 1988.

1.1. What impression might the gold temples have What impression might the gold temples have given Marco Polo about Southeast Asia? given Marco Polo about Southeast Asia?

He might think the region is rich in goldHe might think the region is rich in gold

2. How did India & China influence the region?2. How did India & China influence the region?

Writing systems literature, religions, ideas of Writing systems literature, religions, ideas of government, and social classgovernment, and social class

3. What were mandalas?3. What were mandalas?

Government systems whose rulers help power Government systems whose rulers help power via trade and businessvia trade and business

4. How did the mandalas change over time?4. How did the mandalas change over time?

They developed into states, then into nationsThey developed into states, then into nations

4. What is the Angkor Wat?4. What is the Angkor Wat?

Huge ancient stone Hindu temple in CambodiaHuge ancient stone Hindu temple in Cambodia

5. When did Europeans first come to the region, 5. When did Europeans first come to the region, and why did they come? and why did they come?

In 1509; for wealth – spices, gems, & goldIn 1509; for wealth – spices, gems, & gold

6.6. When did Europeans establish colonies in the When did Europeans establish colonies in the region?region?

1919thth & 20 & 20thth centuries (1800s & 1900s) centuries (1800s & 1900s)

7. What countries were colonized by France and 7. What countries were colonized by France and Britain?Britain?

France – Cambodia, Laos, VietnamFrance – Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam

Britain – Burma, Malaysia, SingaporeBritain – Burma, Malaysia, Singapore

8.8. When did most countries gain independence?When did most countries gain independence?

After 1945 (after WWII)After 1945 (after WWII)

9.9. What did Europeans contribute to the region?What did Europeans contribute to the region?

Chile peppers, coffee (both from the Americas) Chile peppers, coffee (both from the Americas)

10. After independence, which countries were 10. After independence, which countries were taken over by military governments?taken over by military governments?

Vietnam, Indonesia, MyanmarVietnam, Indonesia, Myanmar

11.11. Which countries are constitutional Which countries are constitutional monarchies?monarchies?

Brunei, Malaysia, Cambodia, & ThailandBrunei, Malaysia, Cambodia, & Thailand

12.12. Which countries are republics?Which countries are republics?

Indonesia, Philippines, SingaporeIndonesia, Philippines, Singapore

13) What kind of government do Laos & Vietnam 13) What kind of government do Laos & Vietnam have?have?

CommunistCommunist

14) What happened in East Timor since 1975?14) What happened in East Timor since 1975?

East Timor declared independence in 1975; East Timor declared independence in 1975; Indonesia took over; Indonesia is still trying to Indonesia took over; Indonesia is still trying to impose control impose control

15) Why did Aung San Suu Kyi win the Nobel 15) Why did Aung San Suu Kyi win the Nobel Peace Prize in 1991?Peace Prize in 1991?

She leads a peaceful protest movement against She leads a peaceful protest movement against the brutal military dictatorship of Mynamarthe brutal military dictatorship of Mynamar