history 4130 6.0 the inauguration of the flavian amphitheater, ad 80
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HISTORY 4130 6.0 The Inauguration of the Flavian Amphitheater, AD 80. Genevieve Durigon. Selected Bibliography. Martialis de spectaculus liber . Shakelton Bailey, trans & ed (1993) Epigrams Volume I (Harvard Unviersity Press) pp 12-39. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
HISTORY 4130 6.0HISTORY 4130 6.0The Inauguration of the Flavian Amphitheater, The Inauguration of the Flavian Amphitheater,
AD 80AD 80
Genevieve DurigonGenevieve Durigon
Selected BibliographySelected Bibliography Martialis Martialis de spectaculus liberde spectaculus liber. . Shakelton Bailey, trans & ed (1993) Shakelton Bailey, trans & ed (1993)
Epigrams Volume IEpigrams Volume I (Harvard Unviersity Press) pp 12-39. (Harvard Unviersity Press) pp 12-39. Cassius Dio Cocceianus Cassius Dio Cocceianus LXVILXVI. E Cay & H Foster, trans (1925) . E Cay & H Foster, trans (1925)
Roman History: Volume IIIRoman History: Volume III Books 61-70 (Harvard University Press) Books 61-70 (Harvard University Press) pp 311-313.pp 311-313.
Suetonius Suetonius TitusTitus Kathleen Coleman (1997) ‘The contagion of the throng’: absorbing Kathleen Coleman (1997) ‘The contagion of the throng’: absorbing
violence in the Roman world. violence in the Roman world. Eur RevEur Rev 5: 401-4175: 401-417.. Alison Futrell (1997) Alison Futrell (1997) Blood in the arenaBlood in the arena (Austin, Texas: University (Austin, Texas: University
of Texas Press).of Texas Press). CIL, vol XIV, no 3,014 (=Dessau no 6,252)CIL, vol XIV, no 3,014 (=Dessau no 6,252) N Lewis & M Reinhold (2000) N Lewis & M Reinhold (2000) Roman Civilizations Volume IIRoman Civilizations Volume II 3rd 3rd
Ed. (New York: Columbia University Press) p 274. Ed. (New York: Columbia University Press) p 274. William J Slater, ed. (1997) William J Slater, ed. (1997) Roman theatre and societyRoman theatre and society. (Ann . (Ann
Arbor, Michigan: University of Michigan Press) pp 68-112.Arbor, Michigan: University of Michigan Press) pp 68-112.Chapter by J EdmondsonChapter by J Edmondson
Brief History of Brief History of the Amphitheaterthe Amphitheater
Concept of AmphitheaterConcept of Amphitheater Curio, 53 BCCurio, 53 BC
Wooden amphitheaters built shortly thereafterWooden amphitheaters built shortly thereafter First stone amphitheater in RomeFirst stone amphitheater in Rome
Built by Statilius Taurus, 29 BC.Built by Statilius Taurus, 29 BC. Provided venue for Roman SpectacleProvided venue for Roman Spectacle
Previously held in temporary structures in Previously held in temporary structures in open field or in the Forumopen field or in the Forum
http://int.tourisme.ville-arles.fr/UK/a2/a2a1.htm
amphitheatrumamphitheatrum CaesareumCaesareum
http://www.accla.org/images/vespasian.jpghttp://www.accla.org/images/vespasian.jpg
Vespasian
Titus
Domitian
http://www.accla.org/actaaccla/titus.htmlhttp://www.accla.org/actaaccla/titus.html
http://www.accla.org/actaaccla/domitian.htmlhttp://www.accla.org/actaaccla/domitian.html
AD 75
AD 80
AD 85
The Flavian AmphitheaterThe Flavian Amphitheater
http://www.legionxxiv.org/colosseum/http://www.legionxxiv.org/colosseum/
http://depthome.brooklyn.cuny.edu/classics/gladiatr/colcoin.htmhttp://depthome.brooklyn.cuny.edu/classics/gladiatr/colcoin.htm
The Flavian AmphitheaterThe Flavian Amphitheater
http://www.legionxxiv.org/colosseum/http://www.legionxxiv.org/colosseum/
The Flavian AmphitheaterThe Flavian Amphitheater
http://www.legionxxiv.org/colosseum/http://www.legionxxiv.org/colosseum/
The Flavian AmphitheaterThe Flavian Amphitheater
http://subject.jccssyl.edu.hk/subjects/history/subhtml/library/images/Rome/COLOSSEUM.jpg
The Flavian AmphitheaterThe Flavian Amphitheater
Enormous capacityEnormous capacity 40-60,000 40-60,000 peoplepeople
Architectural model Architectural model for all other for all other amphitheaters amphitheaters
Symbol of Roman Symbol of Roman culture culture
http://www.gardkarlsen.com/rome/colosseum_from_Via_dei_fori_imperiali.jpg
The Inauguration of the ColosseumThe Inauguration of the Colosseum Cassius Dio Cocceianus (Book LXVI), Suetonius Cassius Dio Cocceianus (Book LXVI), Suetonius
((Titus, Titus, 7) & Martialis 7) & Martialis (de spectaculis liber)(de spectaculis liber) 100-day festival100-day festival
Naval battles (artificial lake)Naval battles (artificial lake) Infantry battles Infantry battles Gladiatorial Shows (Gladiatorial Shows (muneramunera)) Wild beast hunts (Wild beast hunts (venationesvenationes))
http://www.hermetic.com/sabazius/martial.htmhttp://www.hermetic.com/sabazius/martial.htm
Marcus Valerius MartialisAD 43-117
http://www.roman-empire.net/articles/pics/gladiators-colosseum/StoraxRelief.jpghttp://www.roman-empire.net/articles/pics/gladiators-colosseum/StoraxRelief.jpg
Function of the AmphitheaterFunction of the Amphitheater Venue for Roman Venue for Roman
SpectacleSpectacle Particularly Particularly
bloodsportbloodsport munera munera (gladitorial (gladitorial shows) & shows) & venationesvenationes(wild beast(wild beasthunts)hunts) http://www.vroma.org/images/mcmanus_images/bestiarii.jpghttp://www.vroma.org/images/mcmanus_images/bestiarii.jpg
Symbolism of BloodsportSymbolism of Bloodsport
OriginsOrigins Mythic & Religious AssociationsMythic & Religious Associations virtus virtus (Coleman 1997, Futrell 1997, Edmondson 1997)(Coleman 1997, Futrell 1997, Edmondson 1997)
http://www.nashfordpublishing.co.uk/archaeology/images/bignor_gladiators.jpghttp://www.nashfordpublishing.co.uk/archaeology/images/bignor_gladiators.jpg
Spectacle & Social RelationsSpectacle & Social Relations
Promotes social unityPromotes social unity Spectators vs. participants Spectators vs. participants
(Futrell, 1997 & (Futrell, 1997 & Edmondson, 1997)Edmondson, 1997)
Crime & PunishmentCrime & Punishment Reinforces Social Reinforces Social
Demarcations (Edmondson, Demarcations (Edmondson, 1997)1997) VerticalVertical HorizontalHorizontal
http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/rgls/ho_81.10.245.htmhttp://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/rgls/ho_81.10.245.htm
Political PropagandaPolitical Propaganda
Provide entertainmentProvide entertainment Reassure the massesReassure the masses
Reenact historical events Reenact historical events and/or recent battlesand/or recent battles Social identitySocial identity Self-validatingSelf-validating
Distraction from bad Distraction from bad governmentgovernment
http://www.indiana.edu/~c494troy/Empire/tomb_gladiator_frieze.jpghttp://www.indiana.edu/~c494troy/Empire/tomb_gladiator_frieze.jpg
Gift Giving & Reciprocity for the Gift Giving & Reciprocity for the Politically AmbitiousPolitically Ambitious
Gauge/sway public opinion Gauge/sway public opinion (Coleman, 1997 & (Coleman, 1997 & Edmondson, 1997)Edmondson, 1997)
Give gift of entertainment to Give gift of entertainment to the masses and gain favourthe masses and gain favour Place in social order is Place in social order is
maintained or elevatedmaintained or elevated Or is it?Or is it?
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Thoughts to the Contrary:Thoughts to the Contrary:PotentialPotential Theme of Essay Theme of Essay
Bloodsport became an industry integral to the Roman bureaucracyBloodsport became an industry integral to the Roman bureaucracy
Spectacle became part of traditionSpectacle became part of tradition Effectiveness as a political tool is questionableEffectiveness as a political tool is questionable
Amphitheater as arena for social politicsAmphitheater as arena for social politics Over-statedOver-stated
The EndThe End
Any comments? Thoughts? Any comments? Thoughts? Concerns? Questions?Concerns? Questions?