HISTORY 304HISTORY 304 0 0

CANADA AND THE WORLD

Dr. Curtis ColeTrent University @ UOIT

Canada-U.S.Canada-U.S.Economic Economic Relations:Relations:

Part OnePart OneOctober 5, 2009

FTA 1989Canada-U.S. Economic RelationsCanada-U.S. Economic Relations

Brian MulroneyBrian MulroneyPrime Minister

1984-1993

FTA 1989 NAFTA 1994

Canada-U.S. Economic RelationsCanada-U.S. Economic Relations

Brian MulroneyPrime Minister

1984-1993

Jean ChrétienPrime Minister

1993-2003

Robert BourassaPremier of Quebec1970-1976, 1985-1994

Free Trade POLITICS IDEOLOGY

left vs. right Tariffs = subsidies

ECONOMIC SELF-INTEREST NATIONALISM

Canadian independence Proponents of Free Trade:

Economics Opponents of Free Trade:

Nationalism

Canada-U.S. Economic RelationsCanada-U.S. Economic Relations

THE NATIONAL POLICY John A. Macdonald, 1878 Railway Promotion Immigration & Western

Settlement Protective Tariff

Canada-U.S. Economic RelationsCanada-U.S. Economic Relations

Protective Tariff to protect infant industries

Immigration and Settlement to prevent American

occupation Railway

to facilitate both

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Metropolitan Economy Successful Macdonald the Nation

Builder

Canada-U.S. Economic RelationsCanada-U.S. Economic Relations

Mercantilism Corn Laws

repealed 1840s Reciprocity Treaty with

U.S., 1854 revoked 1866

Canada-U.S. Economic RelationsCanada-U.S. Economic Relations

Confederation, 1867 laissez-faire

Canada-U.S. Economic RelationsCanada-U.S. Economic Relations

vs. protectionism

Alexander Mackenzie Prime Minister

1873-1878 (Liberal)

Canada-U.S. Economic RelationsCanada-U.S. Economic Relations

Alexander Mackenzie Liberal Prime Minister,

1873-1878 Richard Cartwright

Minister of Finance

Canada-U.S. Economic RelationsCanada-U.S. Economic Relations

Alexander Mackenzie Liberal Prime Minister, 1873-1878

Richard Cartwright Minister of Finance

Charles Tupper Conservative Finance

Critic

Canada-U.S. Economic RelationsCanada-U.S. Economic Relations

John A. Macdonald re-elected 1878

“National Policy”

Canada-U.S. Economic RelationsCanada-U.S. Economic Relations

Canadian Nationalism Economic Boosterism Anti-Americanism

Paul Craven & Tom Traves, “The Class Politics of the National Policy, 1872-1933,” Journal of Canadian Studies, Fall 1979, 14-38

Canada-U.S. Economic RelationsCanada-U.S. Economic Relations

CRAVEN & TRAVES MODELINDUSTRY

LABOUR FARMERS

Tar

iff(in

come)

Immigration

(labour supply)

Tariff(prices)

Canada-U.S. Economic RelationsCanada-U.S. Economic Relations

Tom Naylor, The History of Canadian Business, 1867-1914two types of business older, “natural” growth

opposed the tariff newer, large scale, large financing

favoured the tariff

Canada-U.S. Economic RelationsCanada-U.S. Economic Relations

Branch Plants

Canada-U.S. Economic RelationsCanada-U.S. Economic Relations

Michael Bliss, “Canadianizing American Business: The Roots of the Branch Plant,” Ian Lumsden (ed.) Close The 49th Parallel, etc. (Toronto, 1970)

Anti-Tariff Liberal Leaders

Alexander Mackenzie1867-1880

Edward Blake1880-1887

Wilfrid Laurier

1887-1919

Canada-U.S. Economic RelationsCanada-U.S. Economic Relations

Wilfrid LaurierPrime Minister 1896-1911

Canada-U.S. Economic RelationsCanada-U.S. Economic Relations

NEXT CLASS(October 19)

Canada-U.S. Economic Relations – Part Two

Reading:Stacey, vol. I, pp. 122-171

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CANADA AND THE WORLD