historical san francisco bay shoreline perspectives on the past and future predicting the future of...
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Historical San Francisco Bay Historical San Francisco Bay ShorelineShoreline
Perspectives on the Past and FuturePerspectives on the Past and Future
Predicting the future of San Francisco Bay: learning from history
UC Museum of Paleontology Short CourseFebruary 6, 2010
Robin GrossingerHistorical Ecology ProgramSan Francisco Estuary Institute
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I. Historical Bayscape
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1800
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1800
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Watkins 1861
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Tidal marsh habitat and plan form geometry at the local scale
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► Tidal marshes are more than pickleweed Tidal marshes are more than pickleweed plainsplains
► Extent of tidal channelsExtent of tidal channels► Frequency of marsh pannes, salinasFrequency of marsh pannes, salinas► Prevalence of sandy beachesPrevalence of sandy beaches► Upland ecotoneUpland ecotone
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II. Shoreline Change
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1800
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2000
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Acres x 1000
Open Bay (<MLLW)
Intertidal (tidal flat and marsh)
Ca 18501800
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Acres x 1000
Open Bay (<MLLW)
Intertidal (tidal flat and marsh)
20002000
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formed since ~1900
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~1920
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Salt ponds and remnant marsh at Ravenswood (San Mateo County), 1993
Shoreline change
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1857 versus 1993
erosionaccretion
Shoreline change
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415 feet
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III. Our Response
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The historical practice of using stream-borne sediment to raise marsh elevations:
• “warping”
•common in South Bay 75-100 years ago
•diverted local streams into contained baylands areas
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“Advantage is taken of this rapid
sedimentation both here [San Francisquito
Creek] and on Alameda Creek for reclaiming
the saltmarsh. The reclamation work is
accomplished by building a levee around a
certain portion and allowing the flood waters
to spread over it and thus drop the sediment
at the desired place.”Clark 1924
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