hinduism. hinduism is the chief religion of india (85% of population). it is a way of life which...
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Hinduism
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Hinduism is the chief religion of India (85% of
population). It is a way of life which shapes and unifies much of Indian
culture.
Om—symbol of Hinduism
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I. Hinduism is a collection of beliefs which developed over a long period of time. 1. Founder – can’t be traced to one founder
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2. Holy Texts:a. Vedas – Four collections of prayers, magical spells and instructions for performing rituals.
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b. Upanishads – (oo PAN ih shadz) text which helps to explain the ideas contained in the Vedas
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3. Beliefs:
a. Reincarnation – rebirths - repeated passing of the soul from one life to the next
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b. Karma – an individual’s good or bad deeds—follows you from one reincarnation to another *Influences what you
come back as in your next life
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c. Moksha – a state of perfect understanding of all things—release from this world
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II. Caste system: social classes developed in ancient times and believed to be based on occupation
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1. Four main castes: Brahmins
Kshatriyas Vaishya Sudras
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1. Four main castes: Varnasor social classesa. Brahmins – religious
class of priests
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b. Kshatriyas – rulers and warriors
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c. Vaishya – landowners and merchants
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d. Sudras – peasants and laborers
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1. Four main castes: Brahmins
Kshatriyas
Vaishya Sudras
Untouchables
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2. Harijians – Untouchables – outcasts in Hindu society. They are usually poor and less educated then other Hindus.
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a. Mahatma Gandhi – greatly improved the lives and status of the Untouchables in Indian society.
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3. Born into a caste for life and determines occupation, who you may marry and who you can associate.
In other words,EVERYTHING!
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4. Today, there are hundreds of subdivisions of the caste system.
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5. Dharma – duties and obligations that each caste must follow.
6. Karma (deeds or actions) determines your caste
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III. Gods – Polytheistic ! 1. Brahman– World Soul - that is made up of 3 gods:
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a. Brahma: the creator
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b. Vishnu:the protector
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c. Shiva:the destroyer
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IV. Holy Sites:1. The Ganges River is a holy site for Hindus. All Hindus are expected to visit and bath in the Ganges River once in their lifetime.
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Ganges River
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Tombs of Shah Jahan and Mumtaz Muhal