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ART EDUCATION

HIGH SCHOOL

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Arts of the World

Drawing & Painting 1




Foundations in Art

Introduction to Jewelry

Photography 1

Photography 2

Photography 3

Photography 4

Pottery/Sculpture 1

Pottery/Sculpture 2

BVSD Visual Arts K-12 Curriculum Approved by Board of Education December 12, 2000

Pottery/Sculpture 3 Page 16

Pottery/Sculpture 4 Page 18

Studio Art 1 Page 19 Studio Art 2 0

Studio Art 3 Page 21


ESSENTIAL LEARNING RESULTS FOR BVSD

HIGH SCHOOL VISUAL ARTS COURSE

Course #: A38 Course Name: Arts of the World

Course Length: one semesters Designated Grade Level: 9-12

Prerequisites: none Number of Credits: 5

Course Description: The focus for this class is drawing, painting and sculptural projects from around the world. Students will study the history, geography and art of many cultures. The students will then produce a work in the style of the culture.

Essential Learning Results: • Students will study and produce:

− Indonesian Shadow Puppets from Bali Amate Bark paintings by the Otomi Indians from Mexico Oaxacan Festival Creatures from Mexico

− Huichol Yarn Paintings − Asian inspired fan design paintings from China and Japan − Sand paintings and weavings by the Navajo − Basket making by the Apache − Northwest Coast Native American masks

African masks African American collages and quilts Carving designs from New Guinea

• Students will analyze art as a reflection of culture. • Students will understand the relation of art to geography and history.

Learning Materials or Resources that may be used:

Art history and multicultural media may be used when applicable to assignments. Instructors are encouraged to use "visiting artists" as resources.


1



Course #: A41 Course Name: Drawing & Painting 1 Course Length: one semester Designated Grade Level: 10-12

Prerequisites: None Number of Credits: 5

Course Description: This is a beginning level class for students wishing to gain a strong foundation in drawing and painting. Drawing from observation and realistic painting skills may be developed, as well as techniques in shading, composition and expanding creativity. The end goal is to increase artistic self-confidence and produce successful works of art. Essential Learning Results:

• Students will increase drawing and creativity skills through a series of exercises and practice drawings.

• Students will work in a variety of drawing material. • Students will demonstrate knowledge of the elements and principles of art. • Students will communicate expression of art through verbal, written and visual

means. • Students will understand the process of critiquing art. • Students will increase technical skill in the area of drawing and painting. • Students will understand both basic color theory and how to mix color. • Students will control paint and paintbrushes to create desired effects. • Students will produce numerous paintings and drawings. • Students will understand some aspects of art history and culture. Learning Materials or Resources that may be used: Art history and multicultural media may be used when applicable to assignments. Instructors are encouraged to use "visiting artists" as resources.

BVSD Visual Arts K-12 Curriculum Approved by Board of Education December 12, 2000 2



Course #: A42 Course Name: Drawing & Painting 2 Course Length: one semester Designated Grade Level: 10-12

Prerequisites: Drawing & Painting 1 Number of Credits: 5

Course Description: Students who choose to take this course should be confident with their drawing skills and ready to produce complex, finished drawings and paintings. More sophisticated approaches, as well as more advanced techniques will be used to learn art, with the emphasis on the development of a personal style of expression. Essential Learning Results:

• Students will demonstrate knowledge of the elements and principles of art. • Students will communicate expression of art through verbal, written and visual

means. • Students will understand the process of critiquing art. • Students will increase technical skill in the area of drawing and painting. • Students will increase understanding of color theory. • Students will control two-dimensional art materials and two-dimensional

techniques to create desired effects. • Students will produce drawings and paintings. • Students will further their understanding of art history and culture. Learning Materials or Resources that may be used: Art history and multicultural media may be used when applicable to assignments. Instructors are encouraged to use "visiting artists" as resources.

3BVSD Visual Arts K-12 Curriculum Approved by Board of Education December 12, 2000



Course #: A43 Course Name: Drawing & Painting 3 Course Length: one semester Designated Grade Level: 11-12 Prerequisites: Drawing & Painting Number of Credits: 5 1

&2 Course Description: This is an advanced level course designed to give students expanded skills and increased confidence in their ability to produce art. Proficiency in basic skills will be expected. Students may be expected to make decisions about what the subject matter of their artwork will be. Some instruction may be given on an individual basis with the student's particular art or career goals in mind. Students may be expected to set their own goals and deadlines. Essential Learning Results:

• Students will pursue artistic ideas to a more advanced level of completion. • Students will organize all class and home time to produce the optimum amount of

artwork. • Students will critique art in an educated and articulate manner. • Students will demonstrate advanced level technical skills in a variety of media. • Students will draw more competently from direct observation. • Students will make decisions about the art that they produce, therefore gaining

confidence in their choices. • Students will produce art that is more personal and that reflects the student's

possible career direction. • Students will begin to develop a portfolio of art. • Students will further their understanding of art history and culture. Learning Materials or Resources that may be used: Art history and multicultural media may be used when applicable to assignments. Instructors are encouraged to use "visiting artists" as resources.

BVSD Visual Arts K-12 Curriculum 4 Approved by Board of Education December 12, 2000



Course #: A44 Course Name: Drawing & Painting 4 Course Length: one semester Designated Grade Level: 11-12 Prerequisites: Foundations in Art, Number of Credits: 5

Drawing & Painting 1, 2 &3 Course Description: Students will attend class daily and will work independently. This advanced level course is designed to expand skill levels and increase production of art suitable for portfolios, art shows, contests and art school admission. Essential Learning Results:

• Students will critique art by addressing all of the elements of art at an advanced level.

• Students will develop, study and utilize evaluation techniques to assess artistic style, methodology and content.

• Students will produce art at an advanced level. • Students will continue to expand knowledge of art history and culture at a highly

sophisticated and complex level. • Students will set personal goals and deadlines. • Students will continue to develop a portfolio of art. • Students will examine art careers. Learning Materials or Resources that may be used: Art history and multicultural media may be used when applicable to assignments. Instructors are encouraged to use "visiting artists" as resources.




Course #: A35 Course Name: Foundations in Art Course Length: one semester Designated Grade Level: 9-12


Course Description: Students can expect a wide variety of art experiences in this basic studio course which addresses all visual arts standards. The principles and elements of art will be stressed. Art expression may be the result of two-dimensional work in areas such as drawing, painting, graphic design, and three-dimensional work in variety of media. Art history will be an informal component. Essential Learning Results: The following statements address the benchmarks for each standard.

• Students will increase drawing and creativity skills through a series of exercises and practice drawings.

• Students will work in pencil or colored pencil to produce a shaded perspective drawing.

• Students will demonstrate knowledge of the elements and principles of art by creating two-dimensional and three-dimensional art.

• Students will increase both their verbal and written expression in art. • Students will increase technical skill in the area of painting. • Students will understand how to mix and apply color. • Students will control paint and paintbrushes to create desired effects. • Students will understand some aspects of art history and culture. Learning Materials or Resources that may be used: Art history and multicultural media may be used when applicable to assignments. Instructors are encouraged to use "visiting artists" as resources.




Course #: A10 Course Name: Introduction to

Jewelry Course Length: one semester Designated Grade Level: 9-12


Course Description: Students taking jewelry will be introduced to a variety of design and construction techniques used in crafting fine jewelry. Jewelers will demonstrate their mastery of basic tools and techniques by completing projects in a continuum of skill levels. Essential Learning Results:

• Students will gain an awareness of jewelry's cultural origins. • Students will gain exposure to local community artisans. • Students will master safety procedures and technical equipment requirements. • Students will identify various metals and metal crafting tools used in jewelry

crafting. • Students will master jewelry forming techniques. • Students will apply elements and principles of design in a well crafted manner,

suitable for my "Best Work Portfolio". Learning Materials or Resources that may be used: Art history and multicultural media may be used when applicable to assignments. Instructors are encouraged to use "visiting artists" as resources.




Course #: A71 Course Name: Photography 1

Course Length: one semester Designated Grade Level: 9-12

Prerequisites: Number of Credits: 5

Course Description:

This introductory course deals with controlling light to produce an aesthetically pleasing image on light sensitive film and paper. Students will learn camera use, film processing, darkroom procedures, visual literacy and the principles and elements of art in composition.

Essential Learning Results: • Students will be introduced to the photographic process by using pinhole cameras to

make negative and positive images. • Students will learn how to use a 35-mm camera to correctly expose a negative. • Students will be able to manipulate an exposure to create a various range of

depths of field. • Students will learn how to develop black and white film, make contact sheets and

enlarge negatives. • Students will be taught mounting and presentation techniques for their

photographs. • Students will have instruction on traditional methods of photographic composition. • Students will understand the process of critiquing art and interpreting photographs. • Students will learn about various ways to "control" their photographic image by

using filters as well as dodging and burning techniques. • Students will be presented with information on the history of photography as well

as the works of some well-known photographers such as William Henry Jackson, John Fielder, Ansel Adams, Anne Leibovitz, Bruce Davidson and Dorthea Lang.

• Students will complete assignments to make photographs of their world that are intended to help them learn to see and feel the endless possibilities of the world of art that surrounds them.


Learning Materials or Resources that may be used: Art history and multicultural media may be used when applicable to assignments. Instructors are encouraged to use "visiting artists" as resources.




Course #: A72 Course Name: Photography 2 Course Length: one semester Designated Grade Level: 9-12

Prerequisites: Photography 1 Number of Credits: 5

Course Description: This course deals with improving the students' ability to see, take and create a photographic image. Students may experiment with creative darkroom techniques such as sepia toning, hand coloring and multiple images. Essential Learning Results:

• Students will demonstrate increased knowledge on how to accurately use a 35-mm camera.

• Students will be able to manipulate an exposure to further control the artistic image.

• Students will demonstrate increasing knowledge on developing black and white film and printing negatives.

• Students will use various mounting and presentation techniques for their photographs.

• Students will further their understanding of photographic composition. • Students will understand the process of critiquing art and interpreting photographs. • Students will show increased skills in ways to "control" their photographic image. • Students will broaden their understanding of the historical and cultural significance

of photography. • Students will communicate expression of art through verbal, written and visual

means.





Course #: A73 Course Name: Photography 3


Prerequisites: Photography 1 & 2 Number of Credits: 5

Course Description: In this course students are encouraged to work in depth to initiate and carry out photographic ideas on a more independent basis. Medium format, digital and color photography may be introduced.

Essential Learning Results: • Students will demonstrate increasing knowledge on how to accurately use various

types of cameras. • Students will demonstrate increasing knowledge of the photographic process. • Students will use various mounting and presentation techniques for their

photographs. • Students will show increased skills in ways to "manipulate" their photographic

image. • Students will broaden their understanding of the historical and cultural significance of

the photographic image. • Students will communicate expression of art through verbal, written and visual

means. • Students will pursue artistic ideas to a more advanced level of completion. • Students will critique art in an educated and articulate manner. • Students will demonstrate advanced photographic technical skills. • Students will make decisions about the art that they produce, therefore gaining


possible career direction. • Students will begin to develop a portfolio of art.





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Course #: A74 Course Name: Photography 4 Course Length: one semester Designated Grade Level: 11-12

Prerequisites: Photography 1, 2, & 3 Number of Credits: 5

Course Description: This is an advanced level course designed to give students expanded skills and increased confidence in their ability to create photographs. Proficiency in basic skills will be expected. Students may be expected to make decisions about what the subject matter of their artwork will be. Some instruction may be given on an individual basis with the student's particular career goals in mind. Students may be expected to set their own goals and deadlines. Essential Learning Results

• Students will demonstrate increasing knowledge on how to accurately use various types of cameras.

• Students will demonstrate increasing knowledge of the photographic process. • Students will show increased skills in ways to "manipulate" their photographic

image. • Students will broaden their understanding of the historical and cultural significance of

the photographic image. • Students will pursue artistic ideas to a more advanced level of completion. • Students will demonstrate advanced photographic technical skills. • Students will make decisions about the art that they produce, therefore gaining


possible career direction.

• Students will begin to develop a portfolio of art. Learning

Materials or Resources that may be used: Art history and multicultural media may be used when applicable to assignments. Instructors are encouraged to use "visiting artists" as resources.

13

BVSD Visual Arts K-12 Curriculum

Approved by Board of Education December 12, 2000



Course #: A61 Course Name: Pottery/Sculpture 1 Course Length: one semester Designated Grade Level: 9-12


Course Description: This introductory course deals with three-dimensional art forms constructed from clay and other materials. Students may explore both functional and nonfunctional forms using the potter's wheel, hand-building, and various other sculptural techniques. Essential Learning Results:

• Students will demonstrate the use of the elements and principles of art in a three dimensional form.

• Students will demonstrate an introductory skill level of hand-building techniques. • Students will demonstrate an introductory skill level in the use of the potter's wheel. • Students will demonstrate an introductory skill level in the area of surface design

and glazing techniques. • Students will begin to understand the historical and cultural significance of

nonfunctional and functional sculptural forms. • Students will communicate expression of art through verbal, written and visual

means. • Students will understand the process of critiquing art.





Course #: A62 Course Name: Pottery/Sculpture 2

Course Length: one semester Designated Grade Levels: 9-12

Prerequisites: Pottery/Sculpture 1 Number of Credits: 5

Course Description:

This course will center upon a more intensive approach to the creation of three-dimensional art forms. Students may choose to work on the potter's wheel as their main form of expression. Advanced hand-building techniques will also be introduced.

Essential Learning Results:

• Students will demonstrate the use of the elements and principles of art in a three-dimensional form.

• Students will demonstrate an intermediate skill level of hand-building techniques. • Students will demonstrate an intermediate skill level in the use of the potter's

wheel. • Students will demonstrate an intermediate skill level in the area of surface design

and glazing techniques. • Students will broaden their understanding of the historical and cultural significance of

nonfunctional and functional sculptural forms. • Students will communicate expression of art through verbal, written and visual

means. • Students will understand the process of critiquing art.






Course #: A63 Course Name: Pottery/Sculpture 3


Prerequisites: Pottery/Sculpture 1&2 Number of Credits: 5

Course Description:

In this course students are encouraged to work in depth to initiate and carry out artistic ideas on a more independent basis. The process of loading kilns, testing glazing and setting up pottery displays may be introduced.

Essential Learning Results:

• Students will demonstrate the use of the elements and principles in a three-dimensional form.

• Students will demonstrate an increasing skill level of hand-building techniques. • Students will demonstrate an increasing skill level in the use of the potter's wheel. • Students will demonstrate an increasing skill level in the area of surface design

and glazing techniques. • Students will demonstrate advanced level technical skills in a variety of media. • Students will make decisions about the art that they produce, therefore gaining


possible career direction. • Students will begin to develop a portfolio of art. • Students will further their understanding of art history and culture. • Students will broaden their understanding of the historical and cultural significance of

nonfunctional and functional sculpture forms. • Students will communicate expression of art through verbal, written and visual

means.



HIGH SCHOOL VISUAL ARTS COURSE Course #: A64 Course Name: Pottery/Sculpture 4 Course Length: one semester Designated Grade Level: 10-12

Prerequisites: Potter/Sculpture 1, 2 & 3 Number of Credits: 5

Course Description: In this advanced level course, students will refine techniques and increase skill levels in Pottery and Sculpture. Students will continue to explore the process of firing and the development of glazes. Essential Learning Results:

• Students will work with Raku clay. • Students will participate in Raku firings. • Students will work with porcelain and porcelain slips. • Students will visit galleries and examine professional potters' work. • Students will attend Open Studios and critique. • Students will attend Boulder Potters Guild sales and critique, analyze and evaluate

various pottery types. • Students will work with a triaxial blend of glazes. • Students will continue to perfect wheel and hand-building techniques. • Students will demonstrate techniques to other students.





Course #: A55 Course Name: Studio Art 1 Course Length: one semester Designated Grade Level: 10-12

Prerequisites: Number of Credits: 5

Course Description: This is a basic course designed to give students a variety of basic teaching techniques in one or more of the following areas: textiles, fiber design, printmaking, graphic design, jewelry design, animation, lettering, commercial design, or other two and three-dimensional art experiences. Basic design will be stressed with a variety of materials utilized to produce finished works of art. Students may be instructed on drawing, lettering, painting, airbrushing and mixed media. Essential Learning Results:

• Students will demonstrate knowledge of the elements and principles of art. • Students will work in a variety of drawing material. • Students will communicate expression of art through verbal, written and visual

means. • Students will understand the process of critiquing art. • Students will increase technical skills in the area of drawing, painting and mixing

media. • Students will understand both basic color theory and how to mix color. • Students will demonstrate knowledge of color relationships. • Students will control paint and paintbrushes to create desired effects. • Students will understand some aspects of art history and culture. Learning Materials or Resources that may be used: Art history and multicultural media may be used when applicable to assignments. Instructors are encouraged to use "visiting artists" as resources.





Prerequisites: Studio Art 1 Number of Credits: 5

Course Description: This is a second level course designed to give students expanded skills and increased confidence in their ability to produce a variety of advanced techniques in one or more of the following areas: textiles, fiber design, printmaking, graphic design, jewelry design, animation, lettering, commercial design, or other two and three-dimensional art experiences. Proficiency in basic skills will be expected. More advanced, complex assignments will be given. Essential Learning Results:

• Students will pursue an artistic idea to a more advanced level of completion. • Students will demonstrate knowledge about "stylizing" their art. • Students will communicate expression of art through verbal, written and visual

means. • Students will critique art in an educated and articulate manner. • Students will demonstrate intermediate level technical skills in the area of painting

and mixing media. • Students will increase understanding of color theory. • Students will make more decisions about the art that they produce, therefore

gaining confidence in their choices. • Students will produce art that is more personal and that reflects their possible

career direction.

• Students will develop the beginnings of a portfolio of art.

Learning Materials or Resources that may be used: Art history and multicultural media may be used when applicable to assignments. Instructors are encouraged to use "visiting artists" as resources. BVSD Visual Arts K-12 Curriculum 20 Approved by Board of Education

December 12, 2000




Prerequisites: Studio Art 1 & 2 Number of Credits: 5

Course Description: This is an advanced level course designed to give students expanded skills and increased confidence in their ability to produce a variety of advanced techniques in one or more of the following areas: textiles, fiber design, printmaking, graphic design, jewelry design, animation, lettering, commercial design, or other two and three-dimensional art experiences. Proficiency in basic skills will be expected. Students may be expected to make decisions about the subject matter of their own artwork. Instruction may be given on an individual basis with the student's particular art or career goals in mind. Students may be expected to set their own goals and deadlines. Essential Learning Results:

• Students will pursue artistic ideas to a more advanced level of completion. • Students will organize all class and home time to produce the optimum amount of

artwork. • Students will critique art in an educated and articulate manner. • Students will demonstrate advanced level technical skills in a variety of media. • Students will draw more competently from direct observation. • Students will make decisions about the art that they produce, therefore gaining


possible career direction. • Students will begin to develop a portfolio of art. • Students will further their understanding of art history and culture. Learning Materials or Resources that may be used: Art history and multicultural media may be used when applicable to assignments. Instructors are encouraged to use "visiting artists" as resources.


Glossary Aesthetics — A discipline in the visual arts and a branch of philosophy focused on the nature and value of art; pertaining to how we see things and what they mean. Aesthetic theories generally include mimetic, formalist, expressive, instrumental, institutional and postmodern. Abstraction — Work in which the artist uses a recognizable subject but portrays it in an unrealistic manner. Aesthetic Inquiry - Asking questions about works of art, describing and evaluating the media, processes, and meanings of works of art and making comparative judgments. Analogous — A color scheme which uses colors that are side by side on the color wheel and share a hue. Architecture and Environmental Arts — Urban, interior and landscape design. Ar t i fact — Any simple object showing human workmanship and aesthetic modification. Balance — A principal of art concerned with arranging the elements so that no one part of a work overpowers or seems heavier than any other part. Collage — The use of various materials (e.g., cardboard, metal, plastic, paper) adhered to a surface to create an image. Color - An element of art that refers to what the eyes see when light is reflected off an object. Color Scheme — A plan for selecting or arranging colors. Color Wheel — A circular chart of colors of the visible spectrum. It is commonly used to remember color relationships when working with pigments. Complementary — Colors that are directly opposite each other on the color wheel. When mixed together they make a neutral brown or gray. When they are used next to each other in a work of art they create strong contrasts. Composition — The way the art principals are used to organize the art elements of color, line, shape, form, space and texture.

Contrast — A large difference between two things, for example, rough and smooth, light and shadow or complementary colors. Contrasts usually add excitement, drama and interest to artworks. BVSD Visual Arts K-12 Curriculum 1 Approved by Board of Education December 12, 2000

Cool Colors — Blue, green and violet colors which make us think of cool items such as ice or glass. Critical Analysis — A higher level thinking strategy, such as Feldman's model for description, analysis, interpretation and judgment. Critique - The process and the result of thinking carefully about art, involving the description, an analysis and interpretation of art. Culture/Cultural — A style of social and artistic expression unique to a particular community of people. (The ideas, beliefs and living customs of a people). Design and Communication Arts — Film, television, graphics, illustration, photography, product design and electronic imagery. Dominance — Part of the artwork that is most important, powerful or has the most influence on the viewer. Elements of Art — The components of visual arts, such as line, shape, value, texture, color, form, space and time. Expressive Features — Components of works of art which effect the emotions, such as anger, sadness, and joy. Fine Arts — Traditional art forms, such as drawing, painting, printmaking, sculpture, ceramics, fibers, jewelry and photography. This term is often used to refer collectively, to dance, music, theater and the visual arts. Folk Arts — Art that expresses a cultural connection between ethnic forms and traditions and contemporary life experiences.

Form — An element of art that refers to an object with three dimensions. Fundamental Skills — The principle of design and the elements of art in a compositional format using appropriate materials and techniques. Harmony — A principal of art concerned with blending elements to create a more calm, restful appearance. Historical — Refers to what is concerned with history; having importance or influence on history.

Intermediate Color — A color made by mixing a secondary color with a primary color.

Interpretation — To find meaning and understanding in a particular way.


Judgment – Evaluate work using the following criteria: Craftsmanship, design quality, expressiveness, personal response, originality and/or comparison.

Language of Art – The aesthetic components of any art object which defines the object as an integrated site of visual, emotional, cultural and transcendental meaning.

Line – An element of art that refers to the path of a moving point through space.

Materials – Resources used in the creation and study of visual art, such as paint, clay, paper, canvas, film, videotape, watercolors, wood and plastic.

Media – Broad categories for grouping works of visual art according to the art materials used, for example, the painting media are watercolor, oil, tempera, acrylic, etc.

Mixed Media - Description of any work of art employing more that one median.

Monochromatic – Color scheme using different values of a single hue.

Movement – A principal of art used to create the look and feeling of action and to guide a viewer's eye throughout the work.

Multi Media – Using or encompassing several media, including photography, television, video and film.

Multiple Solutions for Visual Arts Problems – Such as designing three different kinds of containers using paper, clay and/or cardboard.

Principles of Design – Characteristics in the visual arts, such as repetition, balance, emphasis, harmony, rhythm, contrast, unity and proportion.

Printmaking – A technique in which an inked image from a prepared surface is transferred onto another surface.

Process – A sequential operation involving a number of methods or techniques, such as the carving process in sculpture, the etching process in printmaking, or the casting process in making jewelry.

Proportion – A principal of art concerned with the relationship of one part to another and to the whole.

Realism – A style of art in which everyday scenes and events are painted as they actually look.

Repetition – Using parts of a design over and over again in a regular or planned way, usually to create a visual rhythm or harmony.


Rhythm — A principal of art concerned with repeating an element to make a work seem active or to suggest vibration.

Secondary Color — A color made by mixing equal amounts of two primary colors.

Sensory Features — Components of works of art that affect the five physical senses. Shape — An element of art that refers to an area clearly set off by one or more of the other elements of art. Space — An element of art that refers to the distance between, around, above, below and within things. Specific Criteria — A means by which judgments can be made, such as analyzing a work of art by assigning it an artistic style such as realism, abstraction, etc. Style — The artistic character of art movements during specific periods of history. Style also refers to an individual artist's use of media, which gives the work an individual character. Synthesis/Synthesizing — The combination of separate parts or elements to form something new. Techniques — Specific methods or processes used in making art, such as carving wood, developing film, or weaving yarn. Technologies — A term which includes not only electronic advancements, but any material, tool, or pedagogical practice which has been thoroughly reevaluated and redefined to address new conceptual problems. Texture — An element of art that refers to the way a thing feels, or looks as though it might feel if touched. Tools — Instruments and equipment used by students to create and learn about art, such as brushes, scissors, cameras, digital technology, etc. Unity — An arrangement of elements and principals with media to create a feeling of completeness or wholeness.

Value — An element of art that means the darkness or lightness of a surface.

Visual Art — Creation, expression, or communication based on visual form.

Visual Image — A representation of the form and features of someone or something.

Visual Literacy — The ability to perceive and respond to visual symbols and images, for example, recognizing and understanding the international signs for no smoking or highway rest stops. Warm Colors — Red, yellow and orange colors which remind us of the sun and warmth.


Art Room Safety

Prevention: • Signs to remind students of classroom hazards. • Dress code for safety and protection (hair, jewelry, loose clothing). • Protective equipment such as safety glasses, respirators, gloves and/or ear

protectors. • Materials requiring these devices should never be used in an elementary art

program. • Proper ventilation. Activities producing fumes or dust should be concentrated in a

small space easy to ventilate. Electric kilns should be ventilated with a canopy hood if it's located in the classroom.

• Solvents: Substitute water-based paints and inks for oil-based ones and eliminate the need for solvents.

• Storage of dangerous liquids. • Flammable liquids (Class I) including acetone, benzene, ethyl alcohol, toluol,

turpentine and gasoline should not be used or stored in an art room for any reason. Combustible liquids (Class II) including kerosene, mineral spirits or lithotine are not as hazardous, but should be stored in special containers and only used when absolutely necessary.

• Disposal: Talk to your principal and custodian about what your school's policy is as to disposal of waste solvents.

Adhesives:

• School paste, white glue and glue sticks; non-toxic brands are generally safe for classrooms.

• Rubber cement; highly flammable and contains solvents that are extremely hazardous when inhaled. Do not use in elementary art programs. In middle and high school programs, keep lids on when not in actual use and work only in well-

ventilated areas. • Spray adhesives; cause even more problems because they are air-born. • Wheat paste (wallpaper paste); many contain rodent poison and toxins. Use only if

marked non-toxic. Use Ross AD Paste. • Airplane glue (model cement); extremely flammable and toxic if inhaled. Do not

use in elementary art programs. In middle and high school strictly limit use and carefully monitor.


Drawing:

• Aerosol spray fixatives; should be used only with extremely good ventilation or outdoors (out in the hall doesn't cut it).

• Permanent felt markers; vapors are toxic. Repeated exposure can result in serious gastric and nervous system damage as well as liver damage.

Ceramics:

• Clay mixing; clay dust and powdered clay is extremely dangerous to your lungs over time. To reduce hazards: − keep the room as clean as possible;

mop the floor in the mixing area, don't sweep or dry mop; and − wear a dust mask when mixing clay or sanding greenware.

• Glazing: Do not have food where glazes are being used. Wash hands and clean up area really well after using glazes.

• NEVER USE LEAD GLAZES. • Firing: Gives off a variety of fumes, some of which may be highly toxic. Proper

ventilation is extremely important. Photography:

• See following charts about toxic chemicals and processes to be avoided in the photography studio.

• Ventilation is essential!! • When handling chemicals:

− Wear gloves − Wash gloves and hands − Use tongs

Keep chemicals covered when not in use. − Clean up spills before they dry.

Don't allow fixer to become old, it may decompose into sulfur dioxide. Do not heat it. Keep it covered. When mixing/diluting use goggles, especially with Stopbath.

Jewelry Making:

• Be aware of safety issues and wear eye protection. • Soldering or casting; good ventilation. • Pickling acids; wear gloves, keep covered, ventilate and do not pour down the

sink. • Use cadmium-free silver solders, fluoride-free fluxes and lead-free enamels.


Painting:

• Toxic pigments in paints: - Naples Yellow (antimony and lead)

Cobalt Violet (arsenic) All cadmium pigments

− Chromium Oxide Green, Veridian, Chrome Yellow, Zinc, Cobalt Violet (cobalt) − Flake White (lead)

Manganese Blue, Raw Umber, Burnt Umber, Mars Brown, Manganese Violet (manganese)

− Vermillion, Cadmium, Vermillion Red (mercury) • These pigments are corrosive to skin and cause irritation of respiratory tract and

mucous membranes. Precautions in the use of these pigments include: Keep food out of the area

− Keep studio clean Wash hands frequently

− Never put brushes in mouth • Oil painting should never be done in elementary or middle school and avoided in

high school. Printmaking:

• Monitor proper use of tools and be sure tools are age appropriate. • Use water-based inks. Fabrics:

• Wool: do not work with raw wool that has been brought into this country "informally." Bacterial contamination, although rare, can be very serious.

• Dyeing: some dyes have been found to be carcinogenic and others contain mordants (chrome, ammonia and oxalic acid) that can cause toxic reactions. Fiber-active (cold water) dyes seem to be the most hazardous causing respiratory problems. Dust masks and gloves are recommended. Thoroughly wash any part of the body on which dyes have accidentally spilled.

• Batik wax: vapors are flammable and can ignite in a hot plate. Always use a double boiler. Do not over heat.

Stained Glass:

• Be careful with tools and cut glass. • Soldering: requires good ventilation to blow the fumes away.

Source: Safety in the Artroom, Charles A. Qualley, 1986 BVSD Visual Arts K-12 Curriculum 3 Approved by Board of Education December 12, 2000

TEACHER RESOURCE MATERIALS

THE VALUE OF VISUAL ARTS IN EDUCATION

The art educators of BVSD believe art is a valuable and necessary part of a student's education. Art education: • provides an environment for creativity and self-expression;

• develops the aesthetic potential in each student;

• provides students with life-long appreciation of visual arts;

• encourages students to observe and analyze content to construct meaning across the curriculum;

• nurtures the development of cognitive, social, and personal competencies enhancing overall learning;

• improves the understanding of one's relationship with one's environment;

• passes global cultural appreciation to future generations;

• provides for individual differences by giving new challenges to those with strong artistic abilities; and

• provides for individual differences in artistic talent on a non-discriminatory basis regardless of socio-economic level.


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