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High-Temperature Superconducting Generators for Direct Drive Applications OZAN KEYSAN o.keysan@ed.ac.uk Institute for Energy Systems The University of Edinburgh May 2011 Slide 2 Ozan KEYSAN o.keysan@ed.ac.uk 2 Power Applications Courtesy AMSC, InnoPower Superconductor Transmission Lines Fault Current Limiter Slide 3 Ozan KEYSAN o.keysan@ed.ac.uk 3 Power Applications : Electrical Machines Courtesy of Siemens, Converteam (ALSTOM) Siemens: 400 kW Converteam (ALSTOM): 5 MW HTS Slide 4 Ozan KEYSAN o.keysan@ed.ac.uk 4 Power Applications : Electrical Machines 36.5 MW, 120 rpm (U.S. Navy, AMSC) Courtesy of AMSC Slide 5 Ozan KEYSAN o.keysan@ed.ac.uk 5 Wind Turbine Applications? M. Lesser, J. Mller, Superconductor Technology Generating the Future of Offshore Wind Power, BARD 5MW Slide 6 Ozan KEYSAN o.keysan@ed.ac.uk 6 Direct-Drive Solutions Slide 7 Ozan KEYSAN o.keysan@ed.ac.uk 7 Cost Comparison (HTSG vs. PMG) Lesser2009 Slide 8 Ozan KEYSAN o.keysan@ed.ac.uk 8 Types of HTS Machines Rotating DC Superconducting Field Most Common Type Transient Torques on HTS wire Cryocooler Coupler + Brushes Low Reliability Cooling Times Magnetized Bulk HTS Very Difficult to Handle Demagnetization All Superconducting Machines AC Losses on HTS wire Slide 9 Ozan KEYSAN o.keysan@ed.ac.uk 9 Reliability? Stationary SC Coil No Cryogenic Coupler No Brushes No Transient Torque on SC Simplified Cooling, Isolation DC Field No AC losses Maximized Current Slide 10 Ozan KEYSAN o.keysan@ed.ac.uk 10 Homopolar HTSG Slide 11 Ozan KEYSAN o.keysan@ed.ac.uk 11 Homopolar HTSG Slide 12 Ozan KEYSAN o.keysan@ed.ac.uk 12 Axial Bipolar HTS Machine Slide 13 Ozan KEYSAN o.keysan@ed.ac.uk 13 Bonus: Bipolar Linear HTSG Suitable for WECs Slide 14 Ozan KEYSAN o.keysan@ed.ac.uk 14 Transversal Flux HTSG Slide 15 Ozan KEYSAN o.keysan@ed.ac.uk 15 Prototype < 1m Diameter 250 rpm 5 kW Slide 16 Ozan KEYSAN o.keysan@ed.ac.uk 16 SC Winding Cryocooler Inner Diameter:300mm Outer Diameter:400mm 125m YBCO Wire (0.1x12 mm) Excited with DC Source Liquid Nitrogen Cooled (maybe Neon) Similar cooling system to homopolar HTS motors. T. Zhang, K.Haran, E.T. Laskaris,J.W. Bray, Design and Test of a Simplified and Reliable Cooling System for High Speed Superconducting Generator Applications,