high-gain vector multipliers - maxim integrated · parameter conditions min typ max units current...
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General DescriptionThe MAX2045/MAX2046/MAX2047 low-cost, fully inte-grated vector multipliers alter the magnitude and phaseof an RF signal. Each device is optimized for the UMTS(MAX2045), DCS/PCS (MAX2046), or cellular/GSM(MAX2047) frequency bands. These devices featuredifferential RF inputs and outputs.
The MAX2045/MAX2046/MAX2047 provide vectoradjustment through the differential I/Q amplifiers. TheI/Q amplifiers can interface with voltage and/or currentdigital-to-analog converters (DACs). The voltage inputsare designed to interface to a voltage-mode DAC, whilethe current inputs are designed to interface to a current-mode DAC. An internal 2.5V reference voltage is provid-ed for applications using single-ended voltage DACs.
The MAX2045/MAX2046/MAX2047 operate from a 4.75Vto 5.25V single supply. All devices are offered in a com-pact 5mm 5mm, 32-lead thin QFN exposed-paddlepackages.
The MAX2045/MAX2046/MAX2047 evaluation kits areavailable, contact factory for availability.
ApplicationsUMTS/PCS/DCS/Cellular/GSM Base StationFeed-Forward and Predistortion Power Amplifiers
RF Magnitude and Phase Adjustment
RF Cancellation Loops
Beam-Forming Applications
Features Multiple RF Frequency Bands of Operation
2040MHz to 2240MHz (MAX2045)1740MHz to 2060MHz (MAX2046)790MHz to 1005MHz (MAX2047)
±0.2dB Gain Flatness
±1° Phase Flatness
3dB Control Bandwidth: 260MHz
15dBm Input IP3
15dB Gain Control Range
Continuous 360° Phase Control Range
6.5dB Maximum Gain for Continuous Phase
On-Chip Reference for Single-EndedVoltage-Mode Operation
800mW Power Consumption
Space-Saving 5mm x 5mm Thin QFN Package
Single 5V supply
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________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products 1
Ordering Information
19-2728; Rev 0; 1/03
For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim/Dallas Direct! at 1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim’s website at www.maxim-ic.com.
PART TEMP RANGE PIN-PACKAGE
MAX2045ETJ-T -40°C to +85°C 32 Thin QFN-EP*
MAX2046ETJ-T -40°C to +85°C 32 Thin QFN-EP*
MAX2047ETJ-T -40°C to +85°C 32 Thin QFN-EP*
MAX2045MAX2046MAX2047
2
1
3
4
5
6
7
8
23
24
22
21
20
19
18
17
109 11 12 13 14 15 16
3132 30 29 28 27 26 25
VI1
VI2
VQ1
VQ2
II1
II2
IQ1
IQ2
REFO
UT
VCC
GND
RFOU
T1
RFOU
T2
GND
GND
GND
GND
VCC
GND
GND
GND
RBIAS
GND
GND
GND
GND
GND
GND
GND
GND
RFIN
1
RFIN
2
90°PHASE
SHIFTER
OUTPUTSTAGE
CONTROLAMPLIFIER I
CONTROLAMPLIFIER Q
VECTORMULTIPLIER
2.5VREFERENCE
QFN
Pin Configuration/Block Diagram
*EP = Exposed paddle.
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ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS(Typical Operating Circuit as shown in Figure 1; VCC = 4.75V to 5.25V, TA = -40°C to +85°C, RBIAS = 280Ω, no RF inputs applied, RFinput and output ports are terminated with 50Ω. Typical values are at VCC = 5V and TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functionaloperation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure toabsolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
VCC to GND .............................................................-0.3V to +6VVI1, V12, VQ1, VQ2, RFIN1, RFIN2,
RFOUT1, RFOUT2 ....................................-0.3V to VCC + 0.3VRFOUT1, RFOUT2 Sink Current..........................................35mAREFOUT Source Current.......................................................4mAII1, II2, IQ1, IQ2 ........................................................-0.3V to +1VII1, II2, IQ1, IQ2 Sink Current ...........................................+10mA
Continuous RF Input Power (CW)...................................+15dBmContinuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70°C)
32-Pin Thin QFN (derate 21.3mW/°C above +70°C) .......1.7WOperating Temperature Range ...........................-40°C to +85°CJunction Temperature ......................................................+150°CStorage Temperature Range .............................-40°C to +150°CLead Temperature (soldering, 10s) .................................+300°C
PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
Supply Voltage Range VCC 4.75 5 5.25 V
MAX2045 120 160 200
MAX2046 120 160 200Operating Supply Current ICC
MAX2047 120 160 200
mA
Differential Input Resistance,VI1 to VI2, VQ1 to VQ2
Input resistance between VI1 and VI2 orVQ1 and VQ2
6.5 9 11.5 kΩ
Common-Mode Input Voltage,VI1, VI2, VQ1, VQ2
VCM 2.5 V
Input Resistance, II1, II2, IQ1,IQ2
Single-ended resistance to ground 150 200 250 Ω
Reference Voltage VREFOUT REFOUT unloaded 2.3 2.45 2.6 V
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS(Typical Operating Circuit as shown in Figure 1; VCC = 4.75V to 5.25V, TA = -40°C to +85°C, RBIAS = 280Ω, fIN = 2.14GHz(MAX2045), fIN = 1.9GHz (MAX2046), fIN = 915MHz (MAX2047), input current range = 0 to 4mA (if using a current-mode DAC), anddifferential input voltage range = 0 to 0.707V (if using a voltage-mode DAC). If using a current-mode DAC, voltage mode I/Q inputsare left open. If using a voltage-mode DAC, all current-mode I/Q inputs are left open. Typical values are at VCC = 5V and TA =+25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Notes 1, 2, 3)
PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
RF Differential Input Impedance 50 ΩRF Differential Output Impedance 300 ΩRF Differential Load Impedance 200 ΩContinuous Phase Range 0 360 Degrees
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MAX2045 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS(Typical Operating Circuit as shown in Figure 1; VCC = 4.75V to 5.25V, TA = -40°C to +85°C, RBIAS = 280Ω, fIN = 2.14GHz, input cur-rent range = 0 to 4mA (if using a current-mode DAC), and differential input voltage range = 0 to 0.707V (if using a voltage-modeDAC). If using a current-mode DAC, voltage mode I/Q inputs are left open. If using a voltage-mode DAC, all current-mode I/Q inputsare left open. Typical values are at VCC = 5V and TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Notes 1, 2, 3)
PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
Frequency Range 2040 2240 MHz
RF Input Return Loss -14 dB
RF Output Return Loss -16.4 dB
VOLTAGE MODE
VI = VQ = 0.707V (radius = 1V) 7
VI = VQ = 0.5V (radius = 0.707V) 3.4
VI = VQ = 0.25V (radius = 0.35V) -3Power Gain
VI = VQ = 0.125V (radius = 0.175V) -8.7
dB
Power-Gain RangeDifference in gain between VI = VQ = 0.707V andVI = VQ = 0.125V
15.7 dB
Reverse Isolation Over entire control range -74 dB
Maximum Power Gain forContinuous Coverage of PhaseChange
0 to 360° (radius = 1V) 6.1 dB
Maximum Power Gain withReduced Phase Coverage
0 to 360° (radius = 1V) 7 dB
Group Delay VI = VQ = 0.707V (radius = 1V) 1.38 ns
Gain Drift Over Temperature VI = VQ = 0.707V (radius = 1V) -0.027 dB/°C
Gain Flatness Over FrequencyVI = VQ = 0.707V (radius = 1V); UMTS,fIN = 2140MHz ±100MHz
±0.21 dB
Phase Flatness Over FrequencyElectrical delay removed, VI = VQ = 0.707V(radius = 1V), UMTS, fIN = 2140MHz ±100MHz
±0.2 Degrees
VI = VQ = 0.707V (radius = 1V) -147.7
VI = VQ = 0.5V (radius = 0.707V) -148.3
VI = VQ = 0.25V (radius = 0.35V) -148.2Output Noise Power
VI = VQ = 0.125V (radius = 0.175V) -148.1
dBm/Hz
VI = VQ = 0.707V (radius = 1V) 6.7IP1dB
VI = VQ = 0.125V (radius = 0.175V) 9.3dBm
VI = VQ = 0.707V (radius = 1V) 15.2IIP3
VI = VQ = 0.125V (radius = 0.175V) 14.7dBm
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MAX2046 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS(Typical Operating Circuit as shown in Figure 1; VCC = 4.75V to 5.25V, TA = -40°C to +85°C, RBIAS = 280Ω, fIN = 1.9GHz, input cur-rent range = 0 to 4mA (if using a current-mode DAC), and differential input voltage range = 0 to 0.707V (if using a voltage-modeDAC). If using a current-mode DAC, voltage mode I/Q inputs are left open. If using a voltage-mode DAC, all current-mode I/Q inputsare left open. Typical values are at VCC = 5V and TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Notes 1, 2, 3)
PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
Frequency Range 1740 2060 MHz
RF Input Return Loss -21.1 dB
RF Output Return Loss -21.7 dB
VOLTAGE MODE
VI = VQ = 0.707V (radius = 1V) 7.4
VI = VQ = 0.5V (radius = 0.707V) 3.8
VI = VQ = 0.25V (radius = 0.35V) -2.5Power Gain
VI = VQ = 0.125V (radius = 0.175V) -8.2
dB
Power-Gain RangeDifference in gain between VI = VQ = 0.707V andVI = VQ = 0.125V
15.6 dB
Reverse Isolation Over entire control range -76 dB
Maximum Power Gain forContinuous Coverage of PhaseChange
0 to 360° (radius = 1V) 6.5 dB
Maximum Power Gain withReduced Phase Coverage
0 to 360° (radius = 1V) 7.4 dB
Group Delay VI = VQ = 0.707V (radius = 1V) 1.54 ns
Gain Drift Over Temperature VI = VQ = 0.707V (radius = 1V) -0.026 dB/°C
PCS, fIN = 1960MHz±100MHz
±0.14
Gain Flatness Over FrequencyVI = VQ = 0.707V(radius = 1V) DCS, fIN = 1842.5MHz
±100MHz±0.3
dB
MAX2045 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)(Typical Operating Circuit as shown in Figure 1; VCC = 4.75V to 5.25V, TA = -40°C to +85°C, RBIAS = 280Ω, fIN = 2.14GHz, input cur-rent range = 0 to 4mA (if using a current-mode DAC), and differential input voltage range = 0 to 0.707V (if using a voltage-modeDAC). If using a current-mode DAC, voltage mode I/Q inputs are left open. If using a voltage-mode DAC, all current-mode I/Q inputsare left open. Typical values are at VCC = 5V and TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Notes 1, 2, 3)
PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
CURRENT MODE
II1 = IQ1 = 4mA, II2 = IQ2 = 0mA 6.2Power Gain (Note 4)
II1 = IQ1 = 1mA, II2 = IQ2 = 0mA -8.7dB
Power-Gain RangeDifference in gain between II1 = IQ1 = 4mA, II2 = IQ2 =0mA and II1 = IQ1 = 1mA, II2 = IQ2 = 0mA
14.9 dB
Gain Flatness Over FrequencyII1 = IQ1 = 4mA, II2 = IQ2 = 0mA; UMTS,fIN = 2140MHz ±100MHz
±0.27 dB
Phase Flatness Over FrequencyElectrical delay removed, II1 = IQ1 = 4mA,II2 = IQ2 = 0mA
±0.8 Degrees
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MAX2046 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)(Typical Operating Circuit as shown in Figure 1; VCC = 4.75V to 5.25V, TA = -40°C to +85°C, RBIAS = 280Ω, fIN = 1.9GHz, input cur-rent range = 0 to 4mA (if using a current-mode DAC), and differential input voltage range = 0 to 0.707V (if using a voltage-modeDAC). If using a current-mode DAC, voltage mode I/Q inputs are left open. If using a voltage-mode DAC, all current-mode I/Q inputsare left open. Typical values are at VCC = 5V and TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Notes 1, 2, 3)
PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
PCS, fIN = 1960MHz±100MHz
±1.3
Phase Flatness Over FrequencyElectrical delay removed,VI = VQ = 0.707V (radius = 1V) DCS, fIN = 1842.5MHz
±100MHz±1.2
Degrees
VI = VQ = 0.707V (radius = 1V) -146.8
VI = VQ = 0.5V (radius = 0.707V) -147.4
VI = VQ = 0.25V (radius = 0.35V) -147.4Output Noise Power
VI = VQ = 0.125V (radius = 0.175V) -147.3
dBm/Hz
VI = VQ = 0.707V (radius = 1V) 6.5IP1dB
VI = VQ = 0.125V (radius = 0.175V) 9.1dBm
VI = VQ = 0.707V (radius = 1V) 15.2IIP3
VI = VQ = 0.125V (radius = 0.175V) 14.8dBm
CURRENT MODE
II1 = IQ1 = 4mA, II2 = IQ2 = 0mA 6.6Power Gain (Note 4)
II1 = IQ1 = 1mA, II2 = IQ2 = 0mA -8.2dB
Power-Gain RangeDifference in gain between II1 = IQ1 = 4mA, II2 = IQ2 =0mA and II1 = IQ1 = 1mA, II2 = IQ2 = 0mA
14.8 dB
PCS, fIN = 1960MHz±100MHz
±0.14
Gain Flatness Over FrequencyII1 = IQ1 = 4mA, II2 = IQ2 =0mA DCS, fIN = 1842.5MHz
±100MHz±0.33
dB
PCS, fIN = 1960MHz±100MHz
±0.8
Phase Flatness Over FrequencyElectrical delay removed,II1 = IQ1 = 4mA,II2 = IQ2 = 0mA DCS, fIN = 1842.5MHz
±100MHz±1.6
Degrees
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MAX2047 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS(Typical Operating Circuit as shown in Figure 1; VCC = 4.75V to 5.25V, TA = -40°C to +85°C, RBIAS = 280Ω, fIN = 915MHz, input cur-rent range = 0 to 4mA (if using a current-mode DAC), and differential input voltage range = 0 to 0.707V (if using a voltage-modeDAC). If using a current-mode DAC, voltage mode I/Q inputs are left open. If using a voltage-mode DAC, all current-mode I/Q inputsare left open. Typical values are at VCC = 5V and TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Notes 1, 2, 3)
PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
Frequency Range 790 1005 MHz
RF Input Return Loss -21.8 dB
RF Output Return Loss -11.7 dB
VOLTAGE MODE
VI = VQ = 0.707V (radius = 1V) 8.4
VI = VQ = 0.5V (radius = 0.707V) 5.1
VI = VQ = 0.25V (radius = 0.35V) -0.9Power Gain
VI = VQ = 0.125V (radius = 0.175V) -6.3
dB
Power-Gain RangeDifference in gain between VI = VQ = 0.707V andVI = VQ = 0.125V
14.7 dB
Reverse Isolation Over entire control range -75 dB
Maximum Power Gain forContinuous Coverage of PhaseChange
0 to 360° (radius = 1V) 7.1 dB
Maximum Power Gain withReduced Phase Coverage
0 to 360° (radius = 1V) 8.4 dB
Group Delay VI = VQ = 0.707V (radius = 1V) 2.02 ns
Gain Drift Over Temperature VI = VQ = 0.707V (radius = 1V) -0.024 dB/°C
GSM, fIN = 942.5MHz±62.5MHz
±0.25
US cell, fIN = 881.5MHz±62.5MHz
±0.13
JCDMA, fIN = 850MHz±60MHz
±0.1
Gain Flatness Over FrequencyVI = VQ = 0.707V(radius = 1V)
KDI/JDC/PDC, fIN = 820MHz±30MHz
±0.1
dB
GSM, fIN = 942.5MHz±62.5MHz
±0.9
US cell, fIN = 881.5MHz±62.5MHz
±1.1
JCDMA, fIN = 850MHz±60MHz
±1.2
Phase Flatness Over FrequencyE l ectr i cal d el ay r em oved ,V I = VQ = 0.707V (radius= 1V)
KDI/JDC/PDC, fIN = 820MHz±30MHz
±0.3
Degrees
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PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
VI = VQ = 0.707V (radius = 1V) -147.5
VI = VQ = 0.5V (radius = 0.707V) -148.4
VI = VQ = 0.25V (radius = 0.35V) -148.6Output Noise Power
VI = VQ = 0.125V (radius = 0.175V) -148.6
dBm/Hz
VI = VQ = 0.707V (radius = 1V) 6.1IP1dB
VI = VQ = 0.125V (radius = 0.175V) 6.9dBm
VI = VQ = 0.707V (radius = 1V) 15.6IIP3
VI = VQ = 0.125V (radius = 0.175V) 14.1dBm
CURRENT MODE
II1 = IQ1 = 4mA, II2 = IQ2 = 0mA 8.1Power Gain (Note 4)
II1 = IQ1 = 1mA, II2 = IQ2 = 0mA -6.2dB
Power-Gain RangeDifference in gain between II1 = IQ1 = 4mA, II2 = IQ2 =0mA and II1 = IQ1 = 1mA, II2 = IQ2 = 0mA
14.3 dB
GSM, fIN = 942.5MHz±62.5MHz
±0.25
US cell, fIN = 881.5MHz±62.5MHz
±0.12
JCDMA, fIN = 850MHz±60MHz
±0.1
Gain Flatness Over FrequencyII1 = IQ1 = 4mA,II2 = IQ2 = 0mA
KDI/JDC/PDC, fIN = 820MHz±30MHz
±0.1
dB
GSM, fIN = 942.5MHz±62.5MHz
±0.8
US cell, fIN = 881.5MHz±62.5MHz
±1.1
JCDMA, fIN = 850MHz±60MHz
±1.3
Phase Flatness Over FrequencyElectrical delay removed,II1 = IQ1 = 4mA,II2 = IQ2 = 0mA
KDI/JDC/PDC, fIN = 820MHz±30MHz
±0.4
Degrees
Note 1: Guaranteed by design and characterization.Note 2: All specifications reflect losses and delays of external components (matching components, baluns, and PC board traces).
Output measurements taken at the RF OUTPUT of the Typical Operating Circuit.Note 3: Radius is defined as (VI2 + VQ2)0.5. VI denotes the difference between VI1 and VI2. VQ denotes the difference between VQ1
and VQ2. For differential operation: VI1 = VREF + 0.5 VI, VI2 = VREF - 0.5 VI, VQ1 = VREF + 0.5 VQ, VQ2 = VREF - 0.5 VQ. For single-ended operation: VI1 = VREF + VI, VI2 = VREF, VQ1 = VREF + VQ, VQ2 = VREF.
Note 4: When using the I/Q current inputs, maximum gain occurs when one differential input current is zero and the other corre-sponding differential input is 5mA. Minimum gain occurs when both differential inputs are equal.
MAX2047 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)(Typical Operating Circuit as shown in Figure 1; VCC = 4.75V to 5.25V, TA = -40°C to +85°C, RBIAS = 280Ω, fIN = 915MHz, input cur-rent range = 0 to 4mA (if using a current-mode DAC), and differential input voltage range = 0 to 0.707V (if using a voltage-modeDAC). If using a current-mode DAC, voltage mode I/Q inputs are left open. If using a voltage-mode DAC, all current-mode I/Q inputsare left open. Typical values are at VCC = 5V and TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Notes 1, 2, 3)
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Typical Operating Characteristics (MAX2045)(VCC = 5V, fIN = 2140MHz, V_1 = VI1 and VQ1, V_2 = VI2 and VQ2, I_1 = II1 and IQ1, I_2 = II2 and IQ2, VI1 = VQ1 = 3.2V, VI2 =VQ2 = REFOUT, PIN = -15dBm per tone at 1MHz offset (IIP3), and TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
REFOUT AND SUPPLY CURRENTvs. TEMPERATURE AND SUPPLY VOLTAGE
MAX2045 toc01
TEMPERATURE (°C)
SUPP
LY C
URRE
NT (m
A)
603510-15
150
160
170
180
190
200
210
220
230
140
REFO
UT (V
)
2.46
2.45
2.44
2.47
2.48
2.49
2.50
2.51
2.52
2.43-40 85
REFOUT LOADED WITH V_2
VCC = 4.75VVCC = 5.0V
VCC = 5.25V
SUPPLY CURRENT
INPUT RETURN LOSS vs. FREQUENCY
MAX
2045
toc0
2
FREQUENCY (MHz)
INPU
T RE
TURN
LOS
S (d
B)
22502200215021002050
19
18
17
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
202000 2300
V_1 = 2.55V TO 3.5V
OUTPUT RETURN LOSS vs. FREQUENCY
MAX
2045
toc0
3
FREQUENCY (MHz)
OUTP
UT R
ETUR
N LO
SS (d
B)
22502200215021002050
19
18
17
16
15
14
13
12
20
21
222000 2300
V_1 = 2.55V TO 3.5V
GAIN vs. FREQUENCY
MAX
2045
toc0
4
FREQUENCY (MHz)
GAIN
(dB)
22502200215021002050
-15
-10
-5
0
5
10
15
20
-20
-25
-302000 2300
V_1 = 3.5VV_1 = 3.0V
V_1 = 2.75V
V_1 = 2.625V
V_1 = 2.55V
GAIN vs. FREQUENCY
MAX
2045
toc0
5
FREQUENCY (MHz)
GAIN
(dB)
22502200215021002050
-15
-10
-5
0
5
10
15
-20
-25
-302000 2300
I_1 = 3mA
I_1 = 2mA
I_1 = 4mAI_1 = 5mA
I_1 = 0I_1 = 1mA
GAIN vs. CONTROL VOLTAGE (VI1 = VQ1)
MAX
2045
toc0
6
CONTROL VOLTAGE VI1, VQ1 (V)
GAIN
(dB)
3.753.503.253.002.75
-25
-20
-15
-10
-5
0
5
10
15
-302.50 4.00
VCC = 4.75V TO 5.25V
GAIN vs. CONTROL VOLTAGE (VI1 = VQ1)
MAX
2045
toc0
7
CONTROL VOLTAGE VI1, VQ1 (V)
GAIN
(dB)
3.753.503.253.002.75
-45-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505
101520
-502.50 4.00
TA = +85°C
TA = +25°C
TA = -40°C
REVERSE ISOLATION vs. FREQUENCY
MAX
2045
toc0
8
FREQUENCY (MHz)
ISOL
ATIO
N (d
B)
22502200215021002050
110
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
1202000 2300
V_1 = 2.55V TO 3.5V
OUTPUT NOISE POWER vs. FREQUENCYM
AX20
45 to
c09
FREQUENCY (MHz)
OUTP
UT N
OISE
POW
ER (d
Bm/H
z)
22502200215021002050
-148.5
-148.0
-147.5
-147.0
-146.5
-146.0
-145.5
-145.0
-144.5
-144.0
-149.02000 2300
V_1 = 2.625V
V_1 = 3.5V
V_1 = 2.55V
V_1 = 3V V_1 = 2.75V
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OUTPUT NOISE POWERvs. CONTROL VOLTAGE (VI1 = VQ1)
MAX
2045
toc1
0
CONTROL VOLTAGE VI1, VQ1 (V)
OUTP
UT N
OISE
POW
ER (d
Bm/H
z)
3.753.503.253.002.75
-148.5
-148.0
-147.5
-147.0
-146.5
-146.0
-145.5
-145.0
-144.5
-144.0
-149.02.50 4.00
TA = +-40°C
TA = +85°C
TA = +25°C
OUTPUT NOISE POWERvs. CONTROL VOLTAGE (VI1 = VQ1)
MAX
2045
toc1
1
CONTROL VOLTAGE VI1, VQ1 (V)
OUTP
UT N
OISE
POW
ER (d
Bm/H
z)
3.753.503.253.002.75
-148.5
-148.0
-147.5
-147.0
-146.5
-146.0
-145.5
-145.0
-144.5
-144.0
-149.02.50 4.00
VCC = 4.75V
VCC = 5.0V
VCC = 5.25V
INPUT P1-dB COMPRESSIONvs. FREQUENCY
MAX
2045
toc1
2
FREQUENCY (MHz)
INPU
T P1
-dB
(dBm
)
225022002050 2100 2150
5.5
6.0
6.5
7.0
7.5
8.0
8.5
9.0
5.02000 2300
V_1 = 3.2V
VCC = 5.25V
VCC = 5.0V
VCC = 4.75V
INPUT P1-dB COMPRESSIONvs. FREQUENCY
MAX
2045
toc1
3
FREQUENCY (MHz)
INPU
T P1
-dB
(dBm
)
225022002050 2100 2150
5.5
6.0
6.5
7.0
7.5
8.0
8.5
9.0
5.02000 2300
V_1 = 3.2V
TA = +25°C
TA = +85°C
TA = -40°C
INPUT P1-dB COMPRESSIONvs. CONTROL VOLTAGE (VI1 = VQ1)
MAX
2045
toc1
4
CONTROL VOLTAGE VI1, VQ1 (V)
INPU
T P1
-dB
(dBm
)
3.753.503.253.002.75
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
52.50 4.00
VCC = 5.25V
VCC = 5.0V
VCC = 4.75V
INPUT P1-dB COMPRESSIONvs. CONTROL VOLTAGE (VI1 = VQ1)
MAX
2045
toc1
5
CONTROL VOLTAGE VI1, VQ1 (V)
INPU
T P1
-dB
(dBm
)
3.753.503.253.002.75
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
52.50 4.00
TA = +85°C
TA = +25°C
TA = -40°C
IIP3 vs. FREQUENCY
MAX
2045
toc1
6
FREQUENCY (MHz)
IIP3
(dBm
)
22502200215021002050
13.5
14.0
14.5
15.0
15.5
16.0
13.02000 2300
VCC = 5.25V
VCC = 5.0V
VCC = 4.75V
V_1 = 3.2V
IIP3 vs. FREQUENCY
MAX
2045
toc1
7
FREQUENCY (MHz)
IIP3
(dBm
)
22502200215021002050
13.5
14.0
14.5
15.0
15.5
16.0
13.02000 2300
TA = +85°C
TA = +25°CTA = -40°C
V_1 = 3.2V
IIP3 vs. CONTROL VOLTAGE (VI1 = VQ1)M
AX20
45 to
c18
CONTROL VOLTAGE VI1 , VQ1, (V)
IIP3
(dBm
)
3.753.503.253.002.75
6789
10111213141516171819
52.50 4.00
VCC = 4.75VVCC = 5.0V
VCC = 5.25V
Typical Operating Characteristics (MAX2045) (continued)(VCC = 5V, fIN = 2140MHz, V_1 = VI1 and VQ1, V_2 = VI2 and VQ2, I_1 = II1 and IQ1, I_2 = II2 and IQ2, VI1 = VQ1 = 3.2V, VI2 =VQ2 = REFOUT, PIN = -15dBm per tone at 1MHz offset (IIP3), and TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
MA
X2
04
5/M
AX
20
46
/MA
X2
04
7
High-Gain Vector Multipliers
10 ______________________________________________________________________________________
IIP3 vs. CONTROL VOLTAGE (VI1 = VQ1)M
AX20
45 to
c19
CONTROL VOLTAGE VI1 , VQ1, (V)
IIP3
(dBm
)
3.753.503.253.002.75
6789
10111213141516171819
52.50 4.00
TA = +85°C
TA = -40°CTA = +25°C
GAIN vs. PHASE
MAX
2045
toc2
0
PHASE (DEGREES)
GAIN
(dB)
315270180 22590 13545
-14-12-10-8-6-4-202468
10
-160 360
RADIUS = 0.875RADIUS = 1
RADIUS = 0.75
RADIUS = 0.625RADIUS = 0.5
RADIUS = 0.375
RADIUS = 0.25RADIUS = 0.125
S21 PHASE vs. FREQUENCY
MAX
2045
toc2
1
FREQUENCY (MHz)
PHAS
E (D
EGRE
ES)
22502200215021002050
80.581.081.582.082.583.083.584.084.585.085.586.0
80.02000 2300
VCC = 5.25V
VCC = 5.V
VCC = 4.75V
V_1 = 3.2VONE ELECTRICAL DELAYREMOVED AT 5V
S21 PHASE vs. FREQUENCY
MAX
2045
toc2
2
FREQUENCY (MHz)
PHAS
E (D
EGRE
ES)
22502200215021002050
74.575.075.576.076.577.077.578.078.579.079.580.0
74.02000 2300
VCC = 5.25V
VCC = 5V
VCC = 4.75V
V_1 = 2.65VONE ELECTRICAL DELAYREMOVED AT 5V
S21 PHASE vs. FREQUENCYM
AX20
45 to
c23
FREQUENCY (MHz)
PHAS
E (D
EGRE
ES)
22502200215021002050
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
652000 2300
TA = +25°C
TA = +85°C
TA = -40°CV_1 = 3.2VONE ELECTRICAL DELAYREMOVED AT +25°C
S21 PHASE vs. FREQUENCY
MAX
2045
toc2
4
FREQUENCY (MHz)
PHAS
E (D
EGRE
ES)
22502200215021002050
65
70
75
80
85
90
602000 2300
TA = +25°C
TA = +85°C
TA = -40°CV_1 = 2.65VONE ELECTRICAL DELAYREMOVED AT +25°C
GROUP DELAY vs. FREQUENCY
MAX
2045
toc2
5
FREQUENCY (MHz)
GROU
P DE
LAY
(ns)
22502200215021002050
1.101.05
1.151.201.251.301.351.40
1.501.45
1.551.601.65
1.751.70
1.801.851.90
1.002000 2300
V_1 = 2.55V TO 3.5V
SWITCHING SPEED
MAX
2045
toc2
6
SWITCHING SPEED (1ns/div)
DIFF
EREN
TIAL
CON
TROL
SI
GNAL
GAIN
SEE SWITCHING SPEED SECTION IN THEAPPLICATIONS INFORMATION
-0.7V +0.7V
MIN GAIN,ORIGIN
MAX GAIN, Q3 MAX GAIN, Q1
Typical Operating Characteristics (MAX2045) (continued)(VCC = 5V, fIN = 2140MHz, V_1 = VI1 and VQ1, V_2 = VI2 and VQ2, I_1 = II1 and IQ1, I_2 = II2 and IQ2, VI1 = VQ1 = 3.2V, VI2 =VQ2 = REFOUT, PIN = -15dBm per tone at 1MHz offset (IIP3), and TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
MA
X2
04
5/M
AX
20
46
/MA
X2
04
7
High-Gain Vector Multipliers
______________________________________________________________________________________ 11
REFOUT AND SUPPLY CURRENTvs. TEMPERATURE AND SUPPLY VOLTAGE
MAX2046 toc27
TEMPERATURE (°C)
SUPP
LY C
URRE
NT (m
A)
603510-15
150
160
170
180
190
200
210
220
140
REFO
UT (V
)
2.45
2.46
2.47
2.48
2.49
2.50
2.51
2.52
2.44-40 85
VCC = 4.75VVCC = 5.0V
VCC = 5.25V
SUPPLY CURRENT
REFOUT LOADED WITH V_2
INPUT RETURN LOSS vs. FREQUENCY
MAX
2046
toc2
8
FREQUENCY (MHz)
INPU
T RE
TURN
LOS
S (d
B)
2000 205019501850 190018001750
22
20
18
16
14
12
10
241700 2100
V_1 = 2.55V TO 3.5V
OUTPUT RETURN LOSS vs. FREQUENCY
MAX
2046
toc2
9
FREQUENCY (MHz)
OUTP
UT R
ETUR
N LO
SS (d
B)
2050200019501850 190018001750
19
18
17
16
15
14
13
12
20
21
221700 2100
V_1 = 2.55V TO 3.5V
GAIN vs. FREQUENCY
MAX
2046
toc3
0
FREQUENCY (MHz)
GAIN
(dB)
2050200019501900185018001750
-15
-10
-5
0
5
10
15
20
-20
-25
-301700 2100
V_1 = 3.5VV_1 = 3.0V
V_1 = 2.75V
V_1 = 2.625V
V_1 = 2.55V
GAIN vs. FREQUENCYM
AX20
46 to
c31
FREQUENCY (MHz)
GAIN
(dB)
2050200019501850 190018001750
-15
-10
-5
0
5
10
15
-20
-25
-301700 2100
I_1 = 3mA
I_1 = 2mA
I_1 = 4mAI_1 = 5mA
I_1 = 0
I_1 = 1mA
GAIN vs. CONTROL VOLTAGE (VI1 = VQ1)
MAX
2046
toc3
2
CONTROL VOLTAGE VI1, VQ1 (V)
GAIN
(dB)
3.753.503.253.002.75
-25
-20
-15
-10
-5
0
5
10
20
15
-302.50 4.00
VCC = 4.75V TO 5.25V
GAIN vs. CONTROL VOLTAGE (VI1 = VQ1)
MAX
2046
toc3
3
CONTROL VOLTAGE VI1, VQ1 (V)
GAIN
(dB)
3.753.503.253.002.75
-45-40-35-30-25-20-15-10-505
101520
-502.50 4.00
TA = +85°C
TA = +25°C
TA = -40°C
REVERSE ISOLATION vs. FREQUENCY
MAX
2046
toc3
4
FREQUENCY (MHz)
ISOL
ATIO
N (d
B)
2050200019501900185018001750
110
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
1201700 2100
V_1 = 2.55V TO 3.5V
OUTPUT NOISE POWER vs. FREQUENCYM
AX20
46 to
c35
FREQUENCY (MHz)
OUTP
UT N
OISE
POW
ER (d
Bm/H
z)
205020001950190018501750 1800
-148.5
-148.0
-147.5
-147.0
-146.5
-146.0
-145.5
-145.0
-144.5
-144.0
-149.01700 2100
V_1 = 3.5V
V_1 = 2.55V V_1 = 2.625V
V_1 = 3V V_1 = 2.75V
Typical Operating Characteristics (MAX2046)(VCC = 5V, fIN = 1900MHz, V_1 = VI1 and VQ1, V_2 = VI2 and VQ2, I_1 = II1 and IQ1, I_2 = II2 and IQ2, VI1 = VQ1 = 3.2V, VI2 =VQ2 = REFOUT, PIN = -15dBm per tone at 1MHz offset (IIP3), and TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
MA
X2
04
5/M
AX
20
46
/MA
X2
04
7
High-Gain Vector Multipliers
12 ______________________________________________________________________________________
OUTPUT NOISE POWERvs. CONTROL VOLTAGE (VI1 = VQ1)
MAX
2046
toc3
7
CONTROL VOLTAGE VI1, VQ1 (V)
OUTP
UT N
OISE
POW
ER (d
Bm/H
z)
3.753.503.253.002.75
-148.5
-148.0
-147.5
-147.0
-146.5
-146.0
-145.5
-145.0
-144.5
-144.0
-149.02.50 4.00
VCC = 5.25V
VCC = 5.0V
VCC = 4.75V
INPUT P1-dB COMPRESSIONvs. FREQUENCY
MAX
2046
toc3
8
FREQUENCY (MHz)
INPU
T P1
-dB
(dBm
)
2050200019501750 1800 19001850
5.5
6.0
6.5
7.0
7.5
8.0
8.5
9.0
5.01700 2100
V_1 = 3.2V
VCC = 5.25VVCC = 5.0V
VCC = 4.75V
INPUT P1-dB COMPRESSIONvs. FREQUENCY
MAX
2046
toc3
9
FREQUENCY (MHz)
INPU
T P1
-dB
(dBm
)
205020001750 1800 1900 19501850
5.5
6.0
6.5
7.0
7.5
8.0
8.5
9.0
5.01700 2100
V_1 = 3.2V
TA = +25°C TA = +85°C
TA = -40°C
INPUT P1-dB COMPRESSIONvs. CONTROL VOLTAGE (VI1 = VQ1)
MAX
2046
toc4
0
CONTROL VOLTAGE VI1, VQ1 (V)
INPU
T P1
-dB
(dBm
)
3.753.503.253.002.75
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
52.50 4.00
VCC = 5.25V
VCC = 5.0V
VCC = 4.75V
INPUT P1-dB COMPRESSIONvs. CONTROL VOLTAGE (VI1 = VQ1)
MAX
2046
toc4
1
CONTROL VOLTAGE VI1, VQ1 (V)
INPU
T P1
-dB
(dBm
)
3.753.503.253.002.75
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
52.50 4.00
TA = +85°C
TA = +25°C
TA = -40°C
IIP3 vs. FREQUENCY
MAX
2046
toc4
2
FREQUENCY (MHz)
IIP3
(dBm
)
20001900185018001750
13.5
14.0
14.5
15.0
16.0
15.5
17.0
16.5
13.01700 21001950 2050
VCC = 5.25V
VCC = 5.0VVCC = 4.75V
V_1 = 3.2V
IIP3 vs. FREQUENCY
MAX
2046
toc4
3
FREQUENCY (MHz)
IIP3
(dBm
)
20001900185018001750
13.5
14.0
14.5
15.0
15.5
17.0
16.5
16.0
13.01700 21001950 2050
TA = +85°C
TA = +25°CTA = -40°C
V_1 = 3.2V
IIP3 vs. CONTROL VOLTAGE (VI1 = VQ1)M
AX20
46 to
c44
CONTROL VOLTAGE VI1 , VQ1, (V)
IIP3
(dBm
)
3.753.503.253.002.75
6789
10111213141516171819
52.50 4.00
VCC = 4.75VVCC = 5.0V
VCC = 5.25V
Typical Operating Characteristics (MAX2046) (continued)(VCC = 5V, fIN = 1900MHz, V_1 = VI1 and VQ1, V_2 = VI2 and VQ2, I_1 = II1 and IQ1, I_2 = II2 and IQ2, VI1 = VQ1 = 3.2V, VI2 =VQ2 = REFOUT, PIN = -15dBm per tone at 1MHz offset (IIP3), and TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
OUTPUT NOISE POWERvs. CONTROL VOLTAGE (VI1 = VQ1)
MAX
2046
toc3
6
CONTROL VOLTAGE VI1, VQ1 (V)
OUTP
UT N
OISE
POW
ER (d
Bm/H
z)
3.753.503.253.002.75
-148.5
-148.0
-147.5
-147.0
-146.5
-146.0
-145.5
-145.0
-144.5
-144.0
-149.02.50 4.00
TA = -40°C
TA = +85°C
TA = +25°C
MA
X2
04
5/M
AX
20
46
/MA
X2
04
7
High-Gain Vector Multipliers
______________________________________________________________________________________ 13
IIP3 vs. CONTROL VOLTAGE (VI1 = VQ1)M
AX20
46 to
c45
CONTROL VOLTAGE VI1 , VQ1, (V)
IIP3
(dBm
)
3.753.503.253.002.75
6789
10111213141516171819
52.50 4.00
TA = +85°C
TA = -40°CTA = +25°C
GAIN vs. PHASE
MAX
2046
toc4
6
PHASE (DEGREES)
GAIN
(dB)
315270180 22590 13545
-14-12-10-8-6-4-202468
10
-160 360
RADIUS = 1
RADIUS = 0.75
RADIUS = 0.625RADIUS = 0.5
RADIUS = 0.375
RADIUS = 0.25
RADIUS = 0.125
RADIUS = 0.875
S21 PHASE vs. FREQUENCY
MAX
2046
toc4
7
FREQUENCY (MHz)
PHAS
E (D
EGRE
ES)
2050200019501900185018001750
-154-153-152-151-150-149-148-147-146-145-144-143-142-141-140
-1551700 2100
VCC = 5.25V
VCC = 5.V
VCC = 4.75V
V_1 = 3.2VONE ELECTRICAL DELAYREMOVED AT 5V
S21 PHASE vs. FREQUENCY
MAX
2046
toc4
8
FREQUENCY (MHz)
PHAS
E (D
EGRE
ES)
2050200019501900185018001750
-169-168-167-166-165-164-163-162-161-160-159-158-157-156-155
-1701700 2100
VCC = 5.25V
VCC = 5.V
VCC = 4.75V
V_1 = 2.65VONE ELECTRICAL DELAYREMOVED AT 5V
S21 PHASE vs. FREQUENCYM
AX20
46 to
c49
FREQUENCY (MHz)
PHAS
E (D
EGRE
ES)
200019501900185018001750
-180-185
-175-170-165-160-155-150-145-140-135-130
-1901700 21002050
TA = +25°C
TA = +85°C
TA = -40°C
V_1 = 3.2VONE ELECTRICAL DELAYREMOVED AT +25°C
S21 PHASE vs. FREQUENCY
MAX
2046
toc5
0
FREQUENCY (MHz)
PHAS
E (D
EGRE
ES)
20001900185018001750
-180-185
-170-175
-155-160-165
-150
-135-140-145
-130
-1901700 21001950 2050
TA = +25°C
TA = +85°C
TA = -40°C
V_1 = 2.65VONE ELECTRICAL DELAYREMOVED AT +25°C
GROUP DELAY vs. FREQUENCY
MAX
2046
toc5
1
FREQUENCY (MHz)
GROU
P DE
LAY
(ns)
20001900185018001750
1.351.401.451.501.551.601.651.701.751.801.851.90
1.301700 21001950 2050
V_1 = 2.55V TO 3.5V
SWITCHING SPEED
MAX
2045
toc5
2
SWITCHING SPEED (1ns/div)
DIFF
EREN
TIAL
CON
TROL
SI
GNAL
GAIN
SEE SWITCHING SPEED SECTION IN THEAPPLICATIONS INFORMATION
-0.7V +0.7V
MIN GAIN,ORIGIN
MAX GAIN, Q3 MAX GAIN, Q1
Typical Operating Characteristics (MAX2046) (continued)(VCC = 5V, fIN = 1900MHz, V_1 = VI1 and VQ1, V_2 = VI2 and VQ2, I_1 = II1 and IQ1, I_2 = II2 and IQ2, VI1 = VQ1 = 3.2V, VI2 =VQ2 = REFOUT, PIN = -15dBm per tone at 1MHz offset (IIP3), and TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
MA
X2
04
5/M
AX
20
46
/MA
X2
04
7
High-Gain Vector Multipliers
14 ______________________________________________________________________________________
OUTPUT RETURN LOSS vs. FREQUENCY
MAX
2047
toc5
5
FREQUENCY (MHz)
OUTP
UT R
ETUR
N LO
SS (d
B)
10501000950850 900800750
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
15
16700 1100
V_1 = 2.55V TO 3.5V
GAIN vs. FREQUENCY
MAX
2047
toc5
6
FREQUENCY (MHz)
GAIN
(dB)
10501000950900850800750
-15
-10
-5
0
5
10
15
20
-20700 1100
V_1 = 3.5VV_1 = 3.0V
V_1 = 2.75V
V_1 = 2.625VV_1 = 2.55V
GAIN vs. FREQUENCYM
AX20
47 to
c57
FREQUENCY (MHz)
GAIN
(dB)
10501000950850 900800750
-15
-10
-5
0
5
10
15
-20700 1100
I_1 = 3mAI_1 = 2mA
I_1 = 4mAI_1 = 5mA
I_1 = 0I_1 =1mA
GAIN vs. CONTROL VOLTAGE (VI1 = VQ1)
MAX
2047
toc5
8
CONTROL VOLTAGE VI1, VQ1 (V)
GAIN
(dB)
3.753.503.253.002.75
-25
-20
-15
-10
-5
0
5
10
20
15
-302.50 4.00
VCC = 4.75V TO 5.25V
GAIN vs. CONTROL VOLTAGE (VI1 = VQ1)
MAX
2047
toc5
9
CONTROL VOLTAGE VI1, VQ1 (V)
GAIN
(dB)
3.753.503.253.002.75-35
-30
-25
-20
-15
-10
-5
0
5
10
15
20
2.50 4.00
TA = +85°C
TA = +25°C
TA = -40°C
REVERSE ISOLATION vs. FREQUENCY
MAX
2047
toc6
0
FREQUENCY (MHz)
ISOL
ATIO
N (d
B)
10501000950900850800750
110
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
120700 1100
V_1 = 2.55V TO 3.5V
OUTPUT NOISE POWER vs. FREQUENCYM
AX20
47 to
c61
FREQUENCY (MHz)
OUTP
UT N
OISE
POW
ER (d
Bm/H
z)
1000900850800750
-150
-149
-148
-147
-146
-145
-144
-151700 1100950 1050
V_1 = 2.625V
V_1 = 3.5V
V_1 = 3V V_1 = 2.75V
V_1 = 2.55V
Typical Operating Characteristics (MAX2047)(VCC = 5V, fIN = 915MHz, V_1 = VI1 and VQ1, V_2 = VI2 and VQ2, I_1 = II1 and IQ1, I_2 = II2 and IQ2, VI1 = VQ1 = 3.2V, VI2 = VQ2= REFOUT, PIN = -15dBm per tone at 1MHz offset (IIP3), and TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
REFOUT AND SUPPLY CURRENTvs. TEMPERATURE AND SUPPLY VOLTAGE
MAX2047 toc53
TEMPERATURE (°C)
SUPP
LY C
URRE
NT (m
A)
603510-15
150
160
170
180
190
200
210
140
REFO
UT (V
)
2.46
2.47
2.48
2.49
2.50
2.51
2.52
2.45-40 85
VCC = 4.75VVCC = 5.0V
VCC = 5.25V
SUPPLY CURRENT
REFOUT LOADED WITH V_2
INPUT RETURN LOSS vs. FREQUENCY
MAX
2047
toc5
4
FREQUENCY (MHz)
INPU
T RE
TURN
LOS
S (d
B)
1000 1050950850 900800750
22
20
18
16
14
12
10
32
24
26
28
30
700 1100
V_1 = 2.55V TO 3.5V
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INPUT P1-dB COMPRESSIONvs. FREQUENCY
MAX
2047
toc6
4
FREQUENCY (MHz)
INPU
T P1
-dB
(dBm
)
10501000950750 800 900850
5.5
6.0
6.5
7.0
7.5
8.0
8.5
9.0
5.0700 1100
V_1 = 3.2V
VCC = 5.25VVCC = 5.0V
VCC = 4.75V
INPUT P1-dB COMPRESSIONvs. FREQUENCY
MAX
2047
toc6
5
FREQUENCY (MHz)
INPU
T P1
-dB
(dBm
)
10501000750 800 900 950850
5.5
6.0
6.5
7.0
7.5
8.0
8.5
9.0
5.0700 1100
V_1 = 3.2V
TA = +25°C TA = +85°C
TA = -40°C
INPUT P1-dB COMPRESSIONvs. CONTROL VOLTAGE (VI1 = VQ1)
MAX
2047
toc6
6
CONTROL VOLTAGE VI1, VQ1 (V)
INPU
T P1
-dB
(dBm
)
3.753.503.253.002.75
4.55.05.56.06.57.07.58.08.59.09.5
10.0
4.02.50 4.00
VCC = 5.25V
VCC = 5.0V
VCC = 4.75V
INPUT P1-dB COMPRESSIONvs. CONTROL VOLTAGE (VI1 = VQ1)
MAX
2047
toc6
7
CONTROL VOLTAGE VI1, VQ1 (V)
INPU
T P1
-dB
(dBm
)
3.753.503.253.002.754.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
6.0
6.5
7.0
7.5
8.0
8.5
9.0
2.50 4.00
TA = +85°C
TA = +25°C
TA = -40°C
IIP3 vs. FREQUENCY
MAX
2047
toc6
8
FREQUENCY (MHz)
IIP3
(dBm
)
1000900850800750
14.5
15.5
15.0
16.0
16.5
17.0
18.0
17.5
19.0
18.5
14.0700 1100950 1050
VCC = 5.25V
VCC = 5.0VVCC = 4.75V
V_1 = 3.2V
IIP3 vs. CONTROL VOLTAGE (VI1 = VQ1)M
AX20
47 to
c70
CONTROL VOLTAGE VI1 , VQ1 (V)
IIP3
(dBm
)
3.753.503.253.002.75789
10111213141516171819
2.50 4.00
VCC = 4.75VVCC = 5.0V
VCC = 5.25V
Typical Operating Characteristics (MAX2047) (continued)(VCC = 5V, fIN = 915MHz, V_1 = VI1 and VQ1, V_2 = VI2 and VQ2, I_1 = II1 and IQ1, I_2 = II2 and IQ2, VI1 = VQ1 = 3.2V, VI2 = VQ2= REFOUT, PIN = -15dBm per tone at 1MHz offset (IIP3), and TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
IIP3 vs. FREQUENCY
MAX
2047
toc6
9
FREQUENCY (MHz)
IIP3
(dBm
)
1000900850800750
15.0
15.5
16.0
16.5
17.0
18.5
18.0
17.5
14.5700 1100950 1050
TA = +85°C
TA = +25°C
TA = -40°C
V_1 = 3.2V
OUTPUT NOISE POWERvs. CONTROL VOLTAGE (VI1 = VQ1)
MAX
2047
toc6
2
CONTROL VOLTAGE VI1, VQ1 (V)
OUTP
UT N
OISE
POW
ER (d
Bm/H
z)
3.753.503.253.002.75
-148.5
-148.0
-147.5
-147.0
-146.5
-146.0
-145.5
-145.0
-149.0
-149.5
-150.02.50 4.00
TA = -40°C
TA = +85°C
TA = +25°C
OUTPUT NOISE POWERvs. CONTROL VOLTAGE (VI1 = VQ1)
MAX
2047
toc6
3
CONTROL VOLTAGE VI1, VQ1 (V)
OUTP
UT N
OISE
POW
ER (d
Bm/H
z)
3.753.503.253.002.75
-148.5
-148.0
-147.5
-147.0
-146.5
-146.0
-145.5
-145.0
-149.0
-149.5
-150.02.50 4.00
VCC = 5.25V
VCC = 5.0V
VCC = 4.75V
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16 ______________________________________________________________________________________
S21 PHASE vs. FREQUENCY
MAX
2047
toc7
3
FREQUENCY (MHz)
PHAS
E (D
EGRE
ES)
10501000950900850800750
115
120
125
130
135
140
145
150
110700 1100
VCC = 5.25V
VCC = 5.V
VCC = 4.75V
V_1 = 3.2VONE ELECTRICAL DELAYREMOVED AT 5V
S21 PHASE vs. FREQUENCY
MAX
2047
toc7
4
FREQUENCY (MHz)
PHAS
E (D
EGRE
ES)
10501000950900850800750
105
110
115
120
125
130
135
140
145
150
100700 1100
VCC = 5.25V
VCC = 5.V
VCC = 4.75V
V_1 = 2.65VONE ELECTRICAL DELAYREMOVED AT 5V
S21 PHASE vs. FREQUENCYM
AX20
47 to
c75
FREQUENCY (MHz)
PHAS
E (D
EGRE
ES)
1000950900850800750
110
120
130
140
150
160
100700 11001050
TA = +25°C
TA = +85°C
TA = -40°C
V_1 = 3.2VONE ELECTRICAL DELAYREMOVED AT +25°C
S21 PHASE vs. FREQUENCY
MAX
2047
toc7
6
FREQUENCY (MHz)
PHAS
E (D
EGRE
ES)
1000900850800750
110
100
120
150
140
130
160
90700 1100950 1050
TA = +25°C
TA = +85°C
TA = -40°C
V_1 = 2.65VONE ELECTRICAL DELAYREMOVED AT +25°C
GROUP DELAY vs. FREQUENCY
MAX
2047
toc7
7
FREQUENCY (MHz)
GROU
P DE
LAY
(ns)
10009008508007501.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
2.0
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
700 1100950 1050
V_1 = 2.55V TO 3.5V
SWITCHING SPEED
MAX
2045
toc7
8
SWITCHING SPEED (1ns/div)
DIFF
EREN
TIAL
CON
TROL
SI
GNAL
GAIN
SEE SWITCHING SPEED SECTION IN THEAPPLICATIONS INFORMATION
-0.7V+0.7V
MIN GAIN,ORIGIN
MAX GAIN, Q3MAX GAIN, Q1
Typical Operating Characteristics (MAX2047) (continued)(VCC = 5V, fIN = 915MHz, V_1 = VI1 and VQ1, V_2 = VI2 and VQ2, I_1 = II1 and IQ1, I_2 = II2 and IQ2, VI1 = VQ1 = 3.2V, VI2 = VQ2= REFOUT, PIN = -15dBm per tone at 1MHz offset (IIP3), and TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
IIP3 vs. CONTROL VOLTAGE (VI1 = VQ1)M
AX20
47 to
c71
CONTROL VOLTAGE VI1 , VQ1 (V)
IIP3
(dBm
)
3.753.503.253.002.75789
101112131415161718192021
2.50 4.00
TA = +85°C
TA = -40°C
TA = +25°C
GAIN vs. PHASE
MAX
2047
toc7
2
PHASE (DEGREES)
GAIN
(dB)
315270180 22590 13545
-13-11-9-7-5-3-113579
11
-150 360
RADIUS = 1
RADIUS = 0.75RADIUS = 0.625
RADIUS = 0.5
RADIUS = 0.375
RADIUS = 0.25RADIUS = 0.125
RADIUS = 0.875
Detailed DescriptionThe MAX2045/MAX2046/MAX2047 provide vectoradjustment through the differential I/Q amplifiers. Eachpart is optimized for separate frequency ranges:MAX2045 for fIN = 2040MHz to 2240MHz, MAX2046 forfIN = 1740MHz to 2060MHz, and MAX2047 for fIN =790MHz to 1005MHz. All three devices can be inter-faced using current- and/or voltage-mode DACs.
The MAX2045/MAX2046/MAX2047 accept differentialRF inputs, which are internally phase shifted 90degrees to produce differential I/Q signals. The phaseand magnitude of each signal can then be adjustedusing the voltage- and/or current-control inputs. Figure 1 shows a typical operating circuit when usingboth current- and voltage-mode DACs. When usingonly one of the two, leave the unused I/Q inputs open.
RF PortsThe RF input and output ports require external matchingfor optimal performance. See Figures 1 and 2 for appro-priate component values. The output ports requireexternal biasing. In Figures 1 and 2, the outputs arebiased through the balun (T2). The RF input ports canbe driven differentially or single ended (Figures 1, 2)using a balun. The matching values for the MAX2045/MAX2046 were set to be the same during characteriza-tion. An optimized set of values can be found in theMAX2045/MAX2046/MAX2047 Evaluation Kit datasheet.
I/Q InputsThe control amplifiers convert a voltage, current, orvoltage and current input to a predistorted voltage thatcontrols the multipliers. The I/Q voltage-mode inputscan be operated differentially (Figure 1) or singleended (Figure 2). A 2.5V reference is provided on-chipfor single-ended operation.
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Pin Description
PIN NAME FUNCTION
1 VI1 Noninverting in-phase voltage-control input. Requires common-mode input voltage (2.5V typ).
2 VI2 Inverting in-phase voltage-control input. Requires common-mode input voltage (2.5V typ).
3 VQ1 Noninverting quadrature voltage-control input. Requires common-mode input voltage (2.5V typ).
4 VQ2 Inverting quadrature voltage-control input. Requires common-mode input voltage (2.5V typ).
5 II1 Noninverting in-phase current-control input. This pin can only sink current. It cannot source current.
6 II2 Inverting in-phase current-control input. This pin can only sink current. It cannot source current.
7 IQ1 Noninverting quadrature current-control input. This pin can only sink current. It cannot source current.
8 IQ2 Inverting quadrature current-control input. This pin can only sink current. It cannot source current.
9 REFOUT2.5V Reference Output. Integrated reference voltage provides a 2.5V output for single-ended voltage-control applications. For single-ended operation, connect REFOUT to the inverting voltage inputs (VI2,VQ2).
10, 11, 14,15, 16, 19,
20, 21,23–27, 30,
31, 32
GND Ground
12 RFOUT1 Noninverting RF Output
13 RFOUT2 Inverting RF Output
17, 18 VCC Supply Voltage
22 RBIASBias Setting Resistor. Connect a 280Ω (±1%) resistor from this pin to ground to set the bias current forthe IC.
28 RFIN1 Noninverting RF Input
29 RFIN2 Inverting RF Input
ExposedPad
—Exposed Pad. Exposed pad on the bottom of the IC should be soldered to the ground plane for properheat dissipation and RF grounding.
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18 ______________________________________________________________________________________
MAX2045MAX2046MAX2047
2
1
3
4
5
6
7
8
23
24
22
21
20
19
18
17
109 11 12 13 14 15 16
3132 30 29 28 27 26 25
VI1
VI2
VQ1
VQ2
II1
II2
IQ1
IQ2
REFO
UT
VCC
VCC
GND
RFOU
T1
RFOU
T2
GND
GND
GND
GND
VCC
GND
GND
GND
RBIAS
GND
GND
GND
GND
GND
GND
GND
GND
RFIN
1
RFIN
2
90°PHASE
SHIFTER
OUTPUTSTAGE
CONTROLAMPLIFIER I
CONTROLAMPLIFIER Q
VECTORMULTIPLIER
2.5VREFERENCE
C4
C5
C6
C7
VOLTAGE-MODE DAC
C8
C9
C10
C11
CURRENT-MODE DAC
RF OUTPUT
*POPULATED WITH AN INDUCTOR OR CAPACITOR, DEPENDING ON THE VERSION.
C14
C13 T2
C15
C16 C17
L2
R1
C1
L1*
T1 C2 C3
RF INPUT
DESIGNATIONMAX2045 MAX2046
DESCRIPTIONMAX2047
3.3pFC1C2, C3
C4–C16C17L1*L2R1T1T2
3.3pF 47pF220pF 220pF 47pF22pF 47pF
0.01µF 0.01µF1.6pF CAP 15nH
10nH 39nH280Ω 280Ω
1:1 balun 1:1 balun4:1 balun
22pF0.01µF
1.6pF CAP10nH280Ω
1:1 balun4:1 balun 4:1 balun
Figure 1. Typical Operating Circuit Using Differential Current- and Voltage-Mode DACs
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High-Gain Vector Multipliers
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MAX2045MAX2046MAX2047
2
1
3
4
5
6
7
8
23
24
22
21
20
19
18
17
109 11 12 13 14 15 16
3132 30 29 28 27 26 25
VI1
VI2
VQ1
VQ2
II1
II2
IQ1
IQ2
REFO
UT
VCC
VCC
GND
RFOU
T1
RFOU
T2
GND
GND
GND
GND
VCC
GND
GND
GND
RBIAS
GND
GND
GND
GND
GND
GND
GND
GND
RFIN
1
RFIN
2
90°PHASE
SHIFTER
OUTPUTSTAGE
CONTROLAMPLIFIER I
CONTROLAMPLIFIER Q
VECTORMULTIPLIER
2.5VREFERENCE
VOLTAGE-MODE DAC
RF OUTPUT
C14
C13 T2
C15
C16 C17
L2
R1
C1
T1 C2 C3
RF INPUT
DESIGNATIONMAX2045 MAX2046
DESCRIPTIONMAX2047
3.3pFC1C2, C3
C4, C6, C12–C16
L1*L2R1T1T2
3.3pF 47pF220pF 220pF 47pF22pF 47pF
1.6pF CAP 15nH10nH 39nH280Ω 280Ω
1:1 balun 1:1 balun4:1 balun
22pFC17 0.01µF 0.01µF0.01µF
1.6pF CAP10nH280Ω
1:1 balun4:1 balun 4:1 balun
C6
C12
C4
L1*
*POPULATED WITH AN INDUCTOR OR CAPACITOR, DEPENDING ON THE VERSION.
Figure 2. Typical Operating Circuit Using Single-Ended Voltage Mode DACs
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7 On-Chip Reference VoltageAn on-chip, 2.5V reference voltage is provided for single-ended control mode. Connect REFOUT to VI2and VQ2 to provide a stable reference voltage. Theequivalent output resistance of the REFOUT pin isapproximately 80Ω. REFOUT is capable of sourcing1mA of current, with <10mV drop-in voltage.
Applications InformationRF Single-Ended Operation
The RF input impedance is 50Ω differential into the IC.An external low-loss 1:1 balun can be used for single-ended operation. The RF output impedance is 300Ωdifferential into the IC. An external low-loss 4:1 baluntransforms this impedance down to 50Ω single-endedoutput (Figures 1 and 2).
Bias Resistor The bias resistor value (280Ω) was optimized duringcharacterization at the factory. This value should not beadjusted. If the 280Ω (±1%) resistor is not readily avail-able, substitute a standard 280Ω (±5%) resistor, whichmay result in more current part-to-part variation.
Switching SpeedThe control inputs have a typical 3dB BW of 260MHz.This BW provides the device with the ability to adjustgain/phase at a very rapid rate. The Switching Speedgraphs in the Typical Operating Characteristics try tocapture the control ability of the vector multipliers.These measurements were done by first removingcapacitors C4–C7 to reduce driving capacitance.
The test for gathering the curves shown, uses aMAX9602 differential output comparator to drive VI1,VI2, VQ1, and VQ2. One output of the comparator isconnected to VI1/VQ1, while the other is connected toVI2/VQ2. The input to the vector multiplier is driven byan RF source and the output is connected to a crystaldetector. The switching signal produces a waveformthat results in a ±0.7V differential input signal to thevector multiplier.
This signal switches the signal from quadrant 3 (-0.7Vcase), through the origin (maximum attenuation), andinto quadrant 1 (+0.7V case). The before-and-afteramplitude (S21) stays about the same between the twoquadrants but the phase changes by 180°.
As the differential control signal approaches zero, thegain approaches its minimum value. This appears asthe null in the Typical Operating Characteristics. Themeasurement results include rise-time errors from thecrystal detector (specified by manufacturing to beapproximately 8ns to 12ns), the comparator (approxi-mately 500ps), and the 500MHz BW oscilloscope (usedto measure the control and detector signals).
Layout IssuesA properly designed PC board is an essential part ofany RF/microwave circuit. Keep RF signal lines as shortas possible to reduce losses, radiation, and inductance.For best performance, route the ground pin tracesdirectly to the exposed pad underneath the package.This pad should be connected to the ground plane ofthe board by using multiple vias under the device toprovide the best RF/thermal conduction path. Solder theexposed pad on the bottom of the device package to aPC board exposed pad.
The MAX2045/MAX2046/MAX2047 Evaluation Kit canbe used as a reference for board layout. Gerber filesare available upon request at www.maxim-ic.com.
Power-Supply BypassingProper voltage-supply bypassing is essential for high-frequency circuit stability. Bypass the VCC pins with10nF and 22pF (47pF for the MAX2047) capacitors.Connect the high-frequency capacitor as close to thedevice as possible.
Exposed Paddle RF ThermalConsiderations
The EP of the 32-lead thin QFN package provides a lowthermal-resistance path to the die. It is important that thePC board on which the IC is mounted be designed toconduct heat from this contact. In addition, the EP provides a low-inductance RF ground path for the device.
It is recommended that the EP be soldered to a groundplane on the PC board, either directly or through anarray of plated via holes.
Soldering the pad to ground is also critical for proper heatdissipation. Use a solid ground plane wherever possible.
Chip InformationTRANSISTOR COUNT: 599
High-Gain Vector Multipliers
20 ______________________________________________________________________________________
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High-Gain Vector Multipliers
Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses areimplied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time.
Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600 ____________________ 21
© 2003 Maxim Integrated Products Printed USA is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products.
Package Information(The package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. For the latest package outline information,go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages.)
QFN
TH
IN.E
PS
D2
(ND-1) X e
e
D
C
PIN # 1 I.D.
(NE-1) X e
E/2
E
0.08 C
0.10 C
A
A1 A3
DETAIL A
0.15 C B
0.15 C A
DOCUMENT CONTROL NO.
21-0140
PACKAGE OUTLINE16, 20, 28, 32L, QFN THIN, 5x5x0.8 mm
PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
APPROVAL
TITLE:
CREV.
21
E2/2
E2
0.10 M C A B
PIN # 1 I.D.
b
0.35x45
L
D/2D2/2
LC
LC
e e
LCCL
k
k
LL
22
21-0140REV.DOCUMENT CONTROL NO.APPROVAL
PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
TITLE:
COMMON DIMENSIONS EXPOSED PAD VARIATIONS
1. DIMENSIONING & TOLERANCING CONFORM TO ASME Y14.5M-1994.
2. ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETERS. ANGLES ARE IN DEGREES.
3. N IS THE TOTAL NUMBER OF TERMINALS.
4. THE TERMINAL #1 IDENTIFIER AND TERMINAL NUMBERING CONVENTION SHALL CONFORM TO JESD 95-1 SPP-012. DETAILS OF TERMINAL #1 IDENTIFIER ARE OPTIONAL, BUT MUST BE LOCATED WITHIN THE ZONE INDICATED. THE TERMINAL #1 IDENTIFIER MAY BE EITHER A MOLD OR MARKED FEATURE.
5. DIMENSION b APPLIES TO METALLIZED TERMINAL AND IS MEASURED BETWEEN 0.25 mm AND 0.30 mm FROM TERMINAL TIP.
6. ND AND NE REFER TO THE NUMBER OF TERMINALS ON EACH D AND E SIDE RESPECTIVELY.
7. DEPOPULATION IS POSSIBLE IN A SYMMETRICAL FASHION.
8. COPLANARITY APPLIES TO THE EXPOSED HEAT SINK SLUG AS WELL AS THE TERMINALS.
9. DRAWING CONFORMS TO JEDEC MO220.
NOTES:
10. WARPAGE SHALL NOT EXCEED 0.10 mm.
C
PACKAGE OUTLINE16, 20, 28, 32L, QFN THIN, 5x5x0.8 mm