hidden but now revealed by g.k beale and benjamin l. gladd - excerpt

8112019 Hidden But Now Revealed by GK Beale and Benjamin L Gladd - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullhidden-but-now-revealed-by-gk-beale-and-benjamin-l-gladd-excerpt 134

A Biblical Teology of Mystery

G K B

B L G

But Now





H I D D E N

But NowR E V E A L E D A Biblical Theology of Mystery

G K B

B L G

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions



InterVarsity Press

PO Box 9830891048628983088983088 Downers Grove IL 983094983088983093983089983093-9830891048628983090983094

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Email emailivpresscom

copy9830909830889830891048628 by G K Beale and Benjamin L Gladd All rights reserved No part of this book may be reproduced in any form without written permission from InterVarsity

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and a member movement of the International Fellowship of Evangelical Students For information about local and

regional activities write Public Relations Dept InterVarsity Christian FellowshipUSA 9830941048628983088983088 Schroeder Rd PO Box

983095983096983097983093 Madison WI 983093983091983095983088983095-983095983096983097983093 or visit the IVCF website at wwwintervarsityorg

All Scripture quotations unless otherwise indicated are taken from the New American Standard Biblereg copyright

983089983097983094983088 983089983097983094983090 983089983097983094983091 983089983097983094983096 983089983097983095983089 983089983097983095983090 983089983097983095983091 983089983097983095983093 983089983097983095983095 983089983097983097983093 by Te Lockman Foundation Used by permission

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Interior design Beth McGill

Images angel copywynnteriStockphoto

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ISBN 983097983095983096-983088-983096983091983088983096-983090983095983089983096-983091 (print)

ISBN 983097983095983096-983088-983096983091983088983096-983097983094983096983091-983095 (digital)

Printed in the United States of America

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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Beale G K (Gregory K) 9830899830971048628983097-

Hidden but now revealed a biblical theology of mystery G K

Beale and Benjamin L Gladd

pages cm

Includes bibliographical references and index

ISBN 983097983095983096-983088-983096983091983088983096-983090983095983089983096-983091 (pbk alk paper)

983089 MysterymdashBiblical teaching 983090 Bible New estamentmdashTeology

I Gladd Benjamin L II itle

BS9830909830931048628983093M983096983095B1048628983091 9830909830889830891048628

983090983091983088rsquo9830881048628983089mdashdc983090983091

P 9830901048628 983090983091 983090983090 983090983089 983090983088 983089983097 983089983096 983089983095 983089983094 983089983093 9830891048628 983089983091 983089983090 983089983089 983089983088 983097 983096 983095 983094 983093 1048628 983091 983090 983089

Y 983091983093 9830911048628 983091983091 983091983090 983091983089 983091983088 983090983097 983090983096 983090983095 983090983094 983090983093 9830901048628 983090983091 983090983090 983090983089 983090983088 983089983097 983089983096 983089983095 983089983094 983089983093 9830891048628




C

Preace 983095

Abbreviations 983089983089

Introduction 983089983095

983089 he Use o Mystery in Daniel 983090983097

983090 he Use o Mystery in Early Judaism 983092983095

983091 he Use o Mystery in Matthew 983093983094

983092 he Use o Mystery in Romans 983096983092

983093 he Use o Mystery in 983089 Corinthians 983089983088983097

983094 he Use o Mystery in Ephesians 983089983092983095

983095 he Use o Mystery in Colossians 983089983097983096

983096 he Use o Mystery in 983090 hessalonians 983090983089983093

983097 he Use o Mystery in 983089 imothy 983090983091983095

983089983088 he Use o Mystery in Revelation 983090983094983088

983089983089 Mystery Without Mystery in the New estament 983090983096983096

983089983090 he Christian Mystery and the Pagan Mystery Religions 983091983088983093

983089983091 Conclusion 983091983090983088

Appendix he Cognitive Peripheral Vision of Biblical Authors 983091983092983088

Bibliography 983091983094983093

Modern Authors Index 983091983096983089

Scripture Index 983091983096983091

Ancient exts Index 983091983097983089




I

W983144983141983150 983154983141983137983140983145983150983143 983156983144983154983151983157983143983144 983156983144983141 983142983151983157983154 G983151983155983152983141983148983155 one is immediately con-

ronted with a difficult problem Why are Israel and its leaders unable to grasp

ully Jesusrsquo identity and mission Jesus himsel claims that he is the climax o

Israelrsquos history and that the entire Old estament anticipates his arrival yet why

is he not welcomed with open arms Are not the Jewish leaders the Old es-

tament scholars o their day steeled in their resolve to quell Jesusrsquo mission to

restore Israel One o Jesusrsquo core teachings concerns the establishment o Godrsquos

eternal kingdom on the earth which will take place through his ministry but

Israel by and large rejects Jesusrsquo kingdom message

When Jesus hangs on the cross the disciples flee or their lives When the

women report to the disciples that Jesus has been raised rom the dead the

disciples are reticent to believe Yet how can the apostle Paul state in 1048625 Corin-

thians 104862510486291048627-1048628 that ldquoChrist died or our sins according to the Scriptures and that

he was buried and that he was raised on the third day according to the Scrip-turesrdquo I the crucifixion and the resurrection were predicted in the Old es-

tament then why were the disciples slow to believe Jesus himsel predicted his

death and resurrection on several occasions It appears then that even though

the Old estament anticipates Jesus and his ministry there is some aspect o

unexpectedness or newness to Jesusrsquo identity and mission which some would

say cannot be ound at all in the Old estament

Another poignant example is Jesusrsquo interaction with the two men on the way

to Emmaus Jesus castigates them or being ldquoslow o heart to believe in all that

the prophets have spokenrdquo (Lk 1048626104862810486261048629) Surprisingly Jesus then goes on to dem-

onstrate to them that the whole Old estament ultimately points to him A

similar event occurs in Johnrsquos Gospel in the midst o Jesusrsquo interactions with




10486251048632 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140

the Jewish leaders ldquoYou search the Scriptures because you think that in them

you have eternal lie it is these that testiy about Me and you are unwilling to

come to Me so that you may have lierdquo (Jn 104862910486271048633-10486281048624) Jesusrsquo words cut deeply asthey expose his method o interpreting the Old estamentmdashthe person o Jesus

unlocks the ultimate meaning o the entire Old estament Simply put the

Jewish leaders ailed to interpret the Old estament correctly but we must ask

why Were they not the biblical scholars o their day

Te same can be said or how the Old estament is used in the New es-

tament On a number o occasions New estament authors cite the Old es-

tament in creative ways ways that seemingly have little to do with the original

intent o the Old estament authors An ofen-cited example o this is ound in

Ephesians 104862910486271048625-10486271048626 where the writer cites Genesis 104862610486261048628 and applies it to Christ

and the church ldquolsquoFor this reason a man will leave his ather and mother and be

united to his wie and the two will become one fleshrsquo Tis is a proound

mysterymdashbut I am talking about Christ and the churchrdquo (983150983145983158) By all appear-

ances the union between Adam and Eve is viewed as ultimately pointing to

Christ and the church Christ the author believes is really ldquothererdquo in the

original context in Genesis 104862610486261048628 Is there not a ldquonewrdquo layer o meaning in theGenesis text that was not in the mind o the Old estament author but was in

the mind o the New estament author Do New estament writers ldquoread inrdquo

new ideas to the Old estament texts that they cite And i so how can we

consider there to be a consistent unity to the whole Bible

Israelrsquos unbelie in Jesus Jesusrsquo hermeneutical method and Paulrsquos use o

Genesis 104862610486261048628 share a common thread some believe that the New estament

while resuming Israelrsquos story does not stand in continuity with the Old es-

tament Accordingly an element o discontinuity or ldquonewnessrdquo runs through

the entire New estament Depending on the topic some elements tend to

stand more in continuity with the Old estament and others seem to be in

discontinuity Te New estament writers on occasion tip their hat to this

notion o continuitydiscontinuity by employing the term mystery Tey tether

this term to important topics such as the nature o the latter-day kingdom (Mt

10486251048627 and par) Jesusrsquo messiahship (1048625 Cor 10486261048631) the resurrection (1048625 Cor 10486251048629) the re-

lationship between Jews and Gentiles (Eph 1048627) and the timing o Israelrsquos resto-ration (Rom 10486251048625) By using the term mystery a term rom the book o Daniel that

embodies both continuity and discontinuity the New estament writers expect

their audiences to understand that the topic under discussion contains both o





these elements In other words the term mystery alerts the reader that the topic

at hand stands both in continuity and discontinuity to the Old estament

Te purpose o this book is to unpack the relationship between the Old andNew estaments We will explore all the occurrences o the term mystery in

the New estament and listen careully to how the New estament writers

understand the issue o continuity and discontinuity Troughout the book we

will unpack how continuity and discontinuity relate Studying the notion o

mystery ought to sharpen our understanding o how the Old estament relates

to the New

When modern-day readers o the New estament happen upon the word

mystery images such as Sherlock Holmes pop into their heads Te first entry

or mystery in Te American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language de-

fines it as something ldquothat is not ully understood or that baffles or eludes the

understanding an enigmardquo983089 Tis modern definition o mystery is unortu-

nately imported into the New estamentrsquos use o the word without any thought

o what the word meant to the original target audience Terein lies the

problem aced by Westerners in the twenty-first century when we read our

Biblemdashunless we properly and patiently study biblical words and concepts wewill inevitably import our own preconceptions into Scripture A brie example

o this is the ubiquity o crosses in the Western culture Crosses are affixed to

cars dangle rom celebritiesrsquo necks and are tattooed on proessional athletes

In the first century no one would have dared do such a thing it would have

been the equivalent o adorning a gold-plated electric chair or a noose around

the neck In the first century Romans and Jews viewed crucifixion not as a sign

o religious devotion but as a symbol o treachery and moral bankruptcy

When we approach the New estament we must resist the temptation to

read Scripture anachronistically By perorming word studies in their context

evaluating the Jewish background and studying the Old and New estaments

in their contexts we are on more solid hermeneutical ground So when we

attempt to study the biblical conception o mystery in the New estament we

must pay attention to how mystery unctions in the Old estament and in

Jewish writings o ignore the Old estament and Jewish background o the

term is to cut off much o its meaning rom the New estament leaving us witha greatly impoverished portrait o it

1 AHD p 10486251048625983094983091




10486261048624 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140

We will define mystery generally as the revelation of Godrsquos partially hidden

wisdom particularly as it concerns events occurring in the ldquolatter daysrdquo As we

will see scholars are on the right track when they define mystery as divinewisdom that was previously ldquohiddenrdquo but has now been ldquorevealedrdquo We will at-

tempt to sharpen this definition but generally speaking this widely held un-

derstanding o the biblical mystery is correct Augmenting this definition

mystery ofen means something close to our modern-day denotationmdash

knowledge that is somewhat baffling In general accordance with the contem-

porary understanding several Old estament and New estament texts de-

scribe individuals not understanding or grasping the mystery What makes the

term mystery so dynamic even complex is that the biblical writers sometimes

use two definitions simultaneously (1048625) Godrsquos wisdom has finally been disclosed

but nevertheless (1048626) his wisdom remains generally incomprehensible to non-

believers Te biblical conception o mystery envelops both o these notions

Te problem with word-ocused projects such as the one we undertake here

is that an interpreter can easily import too much meaning into a word Tat is

the term can become overloaded with meaning too much theology gets packed

into a single word James Barr launches this critique at the multivolume Teo-logical Dictionary of the New estament Barr criticized DN by asserting that

it ailed to take into account that a single word is unable to grasp the totality o

a theological concept983090 Indeed different words can express the same theo-

logical concept

Since scholars have long noted that mystery is a technical term in the New

estament1048627 Barrrsquos protestations generally do not apply to the study o this word

With technical terms the same theological concepts even complex ones can

be attached wherever they occur though o course the immediate context gives

more specific meaning to how the terms are used Moiseacutes Silva notes ldquoech-

nical or semitechnical terms refer to or stand for defined concepts or ideas

these concepts are true reerents Insoar as a word can be brought into a

2James Barr Te Semantics of Biblical Language (New York Oxford University Press 10486259830979830941048625) pp 1048626983088983094-

98309410486263Eg Douglas J Moo Epistle to the Romans NICN (Grand Rapids Eerdmans 1048625983097983097983094) p 9830951048625983092 David

Aune Prophecy in Early Christianity and the Ancient Mediterranean World (Grand Rapids Eerd-mans 1048625983097983096983091) p 1048626983093983088 Gerd Luedemann Paul Apostle to the Gentiles Studies in Chronology trans F

Stanley Jones (Philadelphia Fortress 1048625983097983096983088) p 1048626983092983088 Frederick David Mazzaferri Te Genre of the

Book of Revelation from a Source-Critical Perspective (Berlin Walter de Gruyter 1048625983097983096983097) p 10486261048625983091

George Eldon Ladd A Teology of the New estament rev ed (Grand Rapids Eerdmans 1048625983097983097983091) p

98309210486261048625





one-to-one correspondence with an extralinguistic object or entity to that

extent the word may be subjected to the concordance-based word-and-thing

historico-conceptual method typified by DN rdquo (italics original)1048628

Neverthelesseven with a technical term it is possible to have a particular concept in mind

without using the specific word For example at a number o places in the New

estament the concept o mystery exists whereas the explicit term is lacking

Although mystery is a technical term and carries the same general concept

wherever it is used we must be cautious about committing the allacy o ldquoil-

legitimate totality transerrdquo where a word is assumed to retain all o its possible

semantic meanings in a given context1048629 In other words we must be careul not

to overload a word with too much meaning o avoid such pitalls we must

cautiously and careully investigate the immediate context o each use o the

term mystery and examine its connection with other words and phrases

One might question the legitimacy o this project Why write an entire book

about one word that occurs just twenty-eight times in the New estament and

only a ew times in the Old estament Te answer lies not so much with the

word itsel though that is important but with those concepts that are tethered

to it Te Synoptic Gospels or example tie the notion o Godrsquos end-timekingdom with mystery (Mt 1048625104862710486251048625 and par) Paul even weds the term with the

crucifixion in 1048625 Corinthians 10486261048625 1048631 Once we have grasped the meaning and

significance o mystery we can then turn to topics such as the establishment o

Godrsquos latter-day kingdom and the crucifixion and explore how this word affects

our understanding o such topics In sum we have two primary goals

1 Define the Old and New estament conception o mystery and grasp its

significance2 Articulate as precisely as possible those topics that are ound in conjunction

with the term mystery in its various uses throughout the New estament

Te net result o our investigation ought to sharpen our understanding o

various topics such as kingdom crucifixion the relationship between Jews and

Gentiles and so on It may not be a coincidence that most o the occurrences

o mystery are linked to Old estament quotations and allusions Te New

estament authors at times have been given a new ldquorevelationrdquo about pre-

4Moiseacutes Silva Biblical Words and Teir Meaning An Introduction to Lexical Semantics (Grand Rapids

Zondervan 1048625983097983096983091) p 10486259830889830955Barr Semantics p 10486261048625983096 cf D A Carson Exegetical Fallacies 1048626nd ed (Grand Rapids Baker 1048625983097983097983094)

p 983092983093 who warns that even technical words can become ldquooverloadedrdquo with meaning




10486261048626 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140

viously revealed Scripture A revelation about revelation An additional benefit

o this study is a more accurate view o the relationship between the two esta-

ments As we will attempt to show our study o the use o mystery will shedsignificant light on how other Old estament texts are used to indicate ul-

fillment in the New where the word mystery is not ound

Beore venturing into this project it is important to discuss the presupposi-

tions and hermeneutical approach that underlie the way we will interpret

Scripture in this book1048630 Te first important presupposition underlying this

study is the divine inspiration o the entire Bible both Old and New esta-

ments Tis oundational perspective means that there is unity to the Bible

because it is all Godrsquos Word While there is certainly significant theological

diversity it is not ultimately irreconcilable diversity Tereore tracing common

themes between the estaments becomes a legitimate and healthy pursuit

Tough interpreters differ about what are the most significant uniying themes

those who affirm the ultimate divine authorship o Scripture have a common

database with which to discuss and debate

Another important presupposition is that the divine authorial intentions

communicated through human authors are accessible to contemporary readersTough no one can exhaustively comprehend these intentions they can be su-

ficiently understood especially or the purposes o salvation sanctification and

the glorification o God

Intertextuality will receive much attention in this work though it is better

to reer to inner-biblical allusion than to the addish word intertextuality A

number o concerns must be kept in mind when working in this area First the

interpreter must demonstrate that a later text is literarily connected to an earlier

text (whether eg by unique wording or a unique concept or both) We will

draw some connections where other interpreters might not Tis field contains

minimalists and maximalists Minimalists are leery o seeing allusive literary

connections so even i they do acknowledge them they remain apprehensive

about teasing out the interpretative implications Indeed many New estament

scholars would not even see that the original meanings o some Old estament

texts have anything to do with the New estament use o them even when

ormal quotations o such texts exist On the opposite end o the spectrum weare willing to explore the possibility o more legitimate allusions than others

6Tis section on intertextuality is adapted from G K Beale We Become What We Worship A Biblical

Teology of Idolatry (Downers Grove IL IVP Academic 1048626983088983088983096) pp 10486261048625-1048626983093





might We certainly try to avoid reading into the text meaning that does not

exist instead we will attempt to give what we think is a reasonable explanation

or each literary connection and its significance in the immediate context Allsuch proposed connections have degrees o possibility and probability We will

only propose ldquoprobablerdquo connections though not all will agree with the prob-

ability o our connections or our interpretations o them

Some commentators speak o ldquoechoesrdquo in distinction to ldquoallusionsrdquo Tis dis-

tinction ultimately may not be that helpul or a number o reasons First some

scholars use the two terms almost synonymously1048631 Second those who clearly

make a qualitative distinction between the terms view an echo as containing less

volume or verbal coherence rom the Old estament than an allusion Tus the

echo is merely a reerence to the Old estament that is not as clear a reerence

as is an allusion Another way to say this is that an echo is an allusion that is

possibly dependent on an Old estament text in distinction to a reerence that

is clearly or probably dependent Tereore we will not pose criteria or dis-

cerning allusions in distinction to criteria or recognizing echoes1048632 It is fine to

propose specific criteria or allusions and echoes so readers can know how an

interpreter is making judgments However the act that scholars differ overspecifically what criteria are best has led us to posit more general and basic

criteria or allusions and echoes At the end o the day it is difficult to come up

with hard and ast criteria that can be applicable to every Old estament allusion

or echo in the New estament A case-by-case study must be made

Probably the most reerred-to criteria or validating allusions is that offered

by Richard Hays1048633 He discusses several criteria which has the cumulative effect

o pointing to the presence o an allusion

7Eg see Richard B Hays Echoes of Scripture in the Letters of Paul (New Haven C Yale University

Press 1048625983097983096983097) pp 1048625983096-10486261048625 983091983088-9830911048625 10486251048625983097 yet on the other hand Hays at other times clearly distinguishes

between quotation allusion and echo representing Old estament references on a descending scale

(respectively) of certain probable and possible (pp 1048626983088 1048626983091-1048626983092 1048626983097)8Echoes may also include an authorrsquos unconscious reference to the Old estament though such refer-

ences are more subtle and more difficult to validate See eg G K Beale ldquoRevelationrdquo in G K Beale

and D A Carson Commentary on the New estament Use of the Old estament (Grand Rapids Baker

Academic 1048626983088983088983095) pp 9830911048625983097-10486261048625 and Christopher A Beetham Echoes of Scripture in the Letter of Paul

to the Colossians (Boston Brill 1048626983088983088983097) pp 1048626983088-1048626983092 983091983092-983091983093 for discussion of the possibility of distin-

guishing conscious from unconscious allusions and echoes though Beetham sees a clear distinctionbetween ldquoallusionrdquo and ldquoechordquo His argument for such a distinction is the best that we have seen

9Hays Echoes of Scripture pp 1048626983097-9830911048626 further elaborated in his Te Conversion of the Imagination

(Grand Rapids Eerdmans 1048626983088983088983093) pp 983091983092-983092983092 We have added a few of our own explanatory comments

to Haysrsquos criteria and have revised some See also Beetham Echoes of Scripture in Colossians pp

1048626983096-983091983092 who also follows and expands somewhat on Haysrsquos criteria




10486261048628 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140

1 Te source text (the Greek or Hebrew Old estament) must be available to

the writer Te writer would have expected his audience on a first or sub-

sequent readings to recognize the intended allusion2 Tere is a significant degree o verbatim repetition o words or syntactical

patterns

3 Tere are reerences in the immediate context (or elsewhere by the same

author) to the same Old estament context rom which the purported al-

lusion derives

4 Te alleged Old estament allusion is suitable and satisying in that its meaning

in the Old estament not only thematically fits into the New estament writerrsquos

argument but also illuminates it and enhances the rhetorical punch

5 Tere is plausibility that the New estament writer could have intended such

an allusion and that the audience could have understood it to varying de-

grees especially on subsequent readings o his letters Nevertheless it is

always possible that readers may not pick up an allusion intended by an

author (this part o the criterion has some overlap with the first) Also i it

can be demonstrated that the New estament writerrsquos use o the Old es-tament has parallels and analogies to other contemporary Jewish uses o the

same Old estament passages then this enhances the validity o the allusion

6 It is important to survey the history o the interpretation o the New es-

tament passage in order to see whether others have observed the allusion

Tis is however one o the least reliable criteria in recognizing allusions

Tough a study o past interpretation may reveal the possible allusions

proposed by others it can also lead to a narrowing o the possibilities sincecommentators can tend to ollow earlier commentators and since com-

mentary tradition always has the possibility o distorting or misinterpreting

and losing the resh and creative approach o the New estament writersrsquo

inner-biblical collocations

Haysrsquos approach is one o the best ways o discerning and discussing the nature

and validity o allusions (though he likes the term ldquoechoesrdquo) despite the act

as we have seen that some scholars have been critical o his methodology9830891048624

10For a sampling of scholars favorable to Haysrsquos approach see Benjamin L Gladd Revealing the

Mysterion Te Use of Mystery in Daniel and Second emple Judaism with Its Bearing on First Cor-

inthians BZNW 1048625983094983088 (Berlin Walter de Gruyter 1048626983088983088983096) pp 983091-983092nn983093 983097 See likewise G K Beale A

Handbook on the New estament Use of the Old estament Exegesis and Interpretation (Grand Rap-





Ultimately what matters most is the uniqueness o a word word combination

word order or even a theme (i the latter is especially unique)

Nevertheless it needs to be remembered that weighing the evidence orrecognizing allusions is not an exact science but a literary art Readers will

make different judgments on the basis o the same evidence some categorizing

a reerence as probable and others viewing the same reerence as only possible

or even so aint as to not merit analysis Some may still wonder however

whether an author has intended to make a particular allusion Tey may

wonder i the author really intended to convey all the meaning rom an Old

estament text should the author not have made the connection with that text

more explicit In some o these cases it is possible that later authors (like Paul)

may have merely presupposed the Old estament connection in their mind

since they were deeply entrenched in the Old estament Scriptures Tis would

not mean that there is no semantic link with the Old estament text under

discussion but rather that the author was either not conscious o making the

reerence or was not necessarily intending his audience to pick up on the al-

lusion or echo In either case identification o the reerence and enhancement

o meaning that comes rom the context o the source text may well disclosethe authorrsquos underlying or implicit presuppositions which orm the basis or

his explicit statements in the text

With this intertextual discussion in mind we can now proceed to our ap-

proach in evaluating mystery in the Old estament early Judaism and the New

estament Occurring only nine times in the canonical Old estament the

technical term mystery (Aramaic rāz ) is ound in the book o Daniel whereas

mystērion (Greek) occurs twenty-eight times in the New estament For the

most part early Judaism is deeply indebted to Danielrsquos conception o mystery

employing both the Aramaic and Greek terms or ldquomysteryrdquo a ew hundred

times Our project will begin with an analysis o mystery in Daniel ollowed by

a brie survey o the term in early Judaism Once we have established the ap-

ids Baker Academic 104862698308810486251048626) pp 9830911048626-983091983093 on which this section on echoes allusions and Haysrsquos meth-

odology has been based (and which also discusses scholars unfavorable to Haysrsquos approach) Help-

ful works that discuss similar criteria as Hays for identifying allusions made by latter Old estament

writers of earlier Old estament passages are among others Richard L Schultz Te Search for Quotation Verbal Parallels in the Prophets JSOSup 1048625983096983088 (Sheffield Sheffield Academic Press 1048625983097983097983097)

pp 104862610486261048626-983091983097 B D Sommer ldquoExegesis Allusion and Intertextuality in the Hebrew Bible A Response

to Lyle Eslingerrdquo V 983092983094 (1048625983097983097983094) 983092983095983097-983096983097 who also cite sources in this respect for further consultation

For a case-by-case analysis of significant inner-biblical allusions see eg Michael Fishbane Bibli-

cal Interpretation in Ancient Israel (Oxford Clarendon 1048625983097983096983093)




10486261048630 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140

propriate background o mystery we will then proceed to investigate each oc-

currence in the New estament

One may ask why we have decided to write on the topic o mystery sincethere exist other surveys on this topic Our desire to write this project stems

rom the lack o an exegetical and biblical-theological analysis o mystery and

especially o how the word inorms the relationship between the Old estament

and the New estament Some o the older surveys o mystery do evaluate each

occurrence o mystery in the Bible but are notoriously brie and largely void o

detailed interaction with the immediate contexts On the other hand several

monographs have been written on mystery as it pertains to a certain book or

theme and these works tend to be much more exegetically driven Our project

attempts to fill this gap by analyzing each occurrence o the word and paying

special attention to the immediate context We intend to unpack each occur-

rence o mystery by ocusing on the surrounding Old estament allusions and

quotations that occur in association with most o the uses o mystery In other

words examining Old estament quotations and allusions helps unlock the

content o the revealed mystery Part o the upshot o our work will be to

confirm that indeed the older approach o understanding the New estamentrsquos view o mystery against the background o pagan religions is not the best

approach983089983089 but rather in line with more relatively recent studies that the New

estament concept should be mainly understood in light o the Old estament

(and to a lesser degree Jewish developments o the Old estament)

Tis project is intended or students scholars pastors and laypeople who

seriously engage the Scriptures Tis project is particularly complex as it en-

gages several extraordinarily difficult texts Much ink has been spilled debating

these texts and scholars continue to dispute many o these passages We have

attempted to make this project more accessible by limiting our interaction with

secondary sources (commentaries journals etc) and ocusing on the primary

sources (the Old estament and Jewish sources) We have also placed many

discussions o relevant Old estament and Jewish texts at the end o each

chapter in excursuses allowing the reader to grasp more easily the flow o the

argument in the main body o the chapter We intend the excursuses to provide

urther substantiation o the arguments in the main bodyOur hope is that scholars and students will benefit rom the broad nature

11See chap 10486251048625 below for a discussion of this ldquohistory of religionsrdquo approach





o the investigation especially the ways in which the term mystery is linked to

Old estament reerences (and the relevant bibliography) We hope that

pastors and students will benefit rom this project because o its emphasis onhow the two estaments relate Te New estament ofen incorporates Old

estament quotations and themes but expresses them in new ways though

still retaining some continuity with the Old estament It may be helpul or

lay readers to ignore some o the detailed discussions contained in the oot-

notes and ocus on the body We have attempted to keep the work at a level

or both seriously interested laypeople as well as students and scholars For

those looking or more detailed exploration o Old estament and Jewish

themes or texts as noted we have placed many o these discussions in excur-

suses at the ends o the chapters

Each use o mystery that we will study in the New estament will be con-

ducted in the same general methodological manner we will first examine the

immediate New estament context o each occurrence We will then explore

the Old estament and Jewish background in each case Some usages simply

will not require as much Old estament or Jewish background investigation At

the end o each study o mystery in the New estament we will attempt to showhow it stands in both continuity and discontinuity with the Old estament and

Judaism Te New estament employs the term mystery in a variety o ways and

applies it to a number o doctrines and ideas Since the scope o this project is

airly broad we are orced to keep our surveys relatively brie and to the point

Chapter one though serves as the backbone to the project so we ofen reer

back to that chapter and the concepts contained therein




983089

T U M D

A983155 983159983141 983159983145983148983148 983155983141983141 983159983144983141983150 983159983141 983139983151983149983141 983156983151 983156983144983141 983157983155983141 983151983142 mystery in the New

estament983089 the use o the term sometimes i not ofen has its background in

its use in Daniel 1048626 and Daniel 1048628 Tereore we begin the first substantive chapter

o our book with a study o mystery in Daniel

Te word mystery plays a pivotal role in the book o Daniel Te term encap-

sulates both the symbolic orm o revelation and the interpretation In addition

mystery is associated with an end-time element that accompanies the content

o the revelation In order or us to grasp the nature and significance o mystery

we must pay close attention to the book o Danielrsquos narrative

Understanding the Old estament and the early Jewish background o the

New estament is crucial to grasping its meaning and application983090 Ignoring

this background material is a little like watching a sequel to a movie but never

the original the audience would be unamiliar with the characters and plotline

Similarly studying only the New estamentrsquos use o mystery (mystērion) withoutany knowledge o its use in Daniel or Jewish literature will inevitably lead to a

skewed understanding

As scholars have argued in recent years the New estamentrsquos use o mystery

remains tethered to the book o Daniel But the list o those who have de-

veloped significantly the concept o mystery in the book o Daniel is surpris-

ingly brie Te discussions are generally restricted to side comments and brie

remarks rom other studies Even seminal works on the Jewish nature o the

1Eg see the following chapters on Mt 1048625983091 1048625 Cor 1048626 Eph 983091 1048626 Tess 1048626 and Revelation2Used with permission this chapter is adapted from Benjamin L Gladd Revealing the Mysterion Te

Use of Mystery in Daniel and Second emple Judaism with Its Bearing on First Corinthians BZNW

1048625983094983088 (Berlin Walter de Gruyter 1048626983088983088983096) pp 1048625983095-983093983088




10486271048624 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140

term dedicate only a paragraph or so to this topic1048627 We though will work

through both Danielrsquos and the Jewish conception o mystery in some detail

since this chapter will lay a proper oundation or the remainder o this project1048628

Te book o Daniel and early Judaism present mystery as a revelation con-

cerning end-time events that were previously hidden but have been subse-

quently revealed Critical to understanding the biblical mystery is the nature

o hiddenness We will argue that the revelation of mystery is not a totally new

revelation but the full disclosure of something that was to a significant extent

hidden It is this tension between mystery being a revelation o something not

completely hidden yet hidden to a significant extent that we hope to tease out

in this chapter and indeed in the book We will unpack the book o Danielrsquos

conception o mystery by relating it to the hymn in Daniel 104862610486261048624-10486261048627 observing

the twoold orm o mystery and noting its relationship to latter-day events

Afer we examine Danielrsquos understanding o mystery we will then briefly sif

through a ew prominent occurrences in early Judaism

M983161983155983156983141983154983161 983145983150 D983137983150983145983141983148

It is no wonder that a book in which a king constructs a huge statue a personis tossed into a pit o lions our ghastly beasts arise out o the water only to be

judged by a figure riding on the clouds and hostile opponents wage war against

Israel and blaspheme God continues to pique the interest o many Te book o

Daniel also displays a somewhat unique view o the disclosure o Godrsquos wisdom

as the revelation o a mystery Further developing the Old estament under-

standing o wisdom Daniel presents Godrsquos wisdom as maniesting itsel in the

orm o symbolic communication that is indeed mysterious communication

that must be interpreted by an angel or a divinely gifed individual While

previous expressions o wisdom in the Old estament contain such eatures

(eg Joseph interprets Pharaohrsquos symbolic dreams in Gen 10486281048625) the book o

Daniel urther develops these expressions the primary manner in which God

communicates within the book o Daniel is through symbolism (dreams

3Raymond Brown Te Semitic Background of the erm ldquoMysteryrdquo in the New estament BS 10486261048625 (Phil-

adelphia Fortress 1048625983097983094983096) pp 983095-983096 Guumlnther Bornkamm ldquoμυστήριον μυέωrdquo in DN 9830929830961048625983092-1048625983093

Markus Bockmuehl Revelation and Mystery in Ancient Judaism and Pauline Christianity WUN 983091983094(uumlbingen Mohr Siebeck 1048625983097983097983088 repr Grand Rapids Eerdmans 1048625983097983097983095) pp 1048625983093-1048625983094 983092983096 10486259830881048625-1048626

4G K Beale Te Use of Daniel in Jewish Apocalyptic Literature and in the Revelation of St John

(Lanham MD University Press of America 1048625983097983096983092) pp 10486251048626-10486261048626 G K Beale Johnrsquos Use of the Old

estament in Revelation JSNSup 1048625983094983094 (Sheffield Sheffield Academic Press 1048625983097983097983096) pp 10486261048625983093-1048625983094 Gladd

Revealing the Mysterion pp 1048625983095-983093983088




The Use of Mystery in Daniel 10486271048625

writing on the wall etc) But not only is the mode o the communication de-

veloped the content is as well Nestled within the symbolic communication are

highly charged end-time events Te book o Daniel has much to say aboutwhat will transpire in the ldquolatter daysrdquo A great persecution and rampant alse

teaching will beall the Israelites in the end time but eventually the enemy will

be put down God will raise the righteous Israelites rom the dead judge the

ungodly and establish his eternal kingdom

Te English word mystery in Daniel is a translation o an Aramaic noun (rāz )

that appears a total o nine times in the book (Dan 104862610486251048632 10486251048633 10486261048631-10486271048624 10486281048631 10486281048633 [10486281048630

983149983156]) Each time the word is used the Greek translations o Daniel consistently

render it mystērion (ldquomysteryrdquo) Understanding the term mystery requires us

to connect it with Danielrsquos conception o wisdom We will now proceed to

analyze mystery and its companion word and concept wisdom throughout the

book o Daniel

Te first two uses o mystery prominently occur in Daniel 1048626 which narrate

that Nebuchadnezzar ldquodreamed dreamsrdquo but with great consternation or his

ldquospirit was troubledrdquo (Dan 10486261048625) Nebuchadnezzar envisions a magnificent co-

lossus that possessed a head o gold chest and arms o silver belly and thighso bronze legs o iron and eet mixed with clay and iron (Dan 104862610486271048626-10486271048627) Despite

its seemingly impregnable stature a rock that was ldquocut out without handsrdquo (Dan

104862610486271048628) smashes the statuersquos eet resulting in a total decimation o the colossus

Te ldquorockrdquo then grows into a mountain filling the entire earth (Dan 104862610486271048629) Daniel

then interprets the enigmatic dream and relates to Nebuchadnezzar that the

our parts o the statue symbolize our kingdoms (which are ofen interpreted

as Babylon Medo-Persia Greece and Rome) Te ourth and final kingdom

the iron and clay eet is eclipsed by Godrsquos eternal kingdom that ldquoput an end to

all these kingdomsrdquo (Dan 104862610486281048628) Te rock plays a central role in the estab-

lishment o this latter-day kingdom as it could symbolize a divinely appointed

individual (Judaism interpreted the rock as messianic) or simply the eternal

kingdom itsel (Dan 104862610486281048629)

Beore Daniel interprets the dream the king summons the Babylonian di-

viners and commands them to relate the dream because his ldquospirit is anxious

to understand the dreamrdquo (Dan 10486261048627) But because the Babylonian wise men areunable to relate to the king either the dream or the interpretation (Dan 10486261048628 1048631

10486251048624-10486251048625) Nebuchadnezzar decrees that all the wise men in Babylon are to be de-

stroyed (Dan 104862610486251048626-10486251048627) Afer catching wind o this drastic measure rom Arioch




10486271048626 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140

(Dan 104862610486251048628-10486251048629) Daniel approaches the king and begs or time so that he may

ldquodeclare the interpretationrdquo to Nebuchadnezzar (Dan 104862610486251048630)

Following his plea Daniel and his riends ldquorequest compassion rom theGod o heavenrdquo concerning ldquothis mysteryrdquo (Dan 104862610486251048631-10486251048632) and God subsequently

answers their request in Danielrsquos night vision (Dan 104862610486251048633) Immediately ol-

lowing the reception o the mystery Daniel blesses God through a hymn At

this juncture in the narrative the reader is presented with a key text or under-

standing the entire book o Daniel In this respect Daniel 104862610486251048631-10486251048633 which has

two uses o mystery says

Ten Daniel went to his house and inormed his riends Hananiah Mishael andAzariah about the matter so that they might request compassion rom the God

o heaven concerning this mystery so that Daniel and his riends would not be

destroyed with the rest o the wise men o Babylon Ten the mystery was re-

vealed to Daniel in a night vision

In Daniel 104862610486251048632 mystery appears with the demonstrative pronoun this reerring

to the preceding discussion Nebuchadnezzar demands to know the dream he

had and its interpretation (Dan 10486261048628-1048630 1048633 10486251048630) Daniel labels the kingrsquos dream and

its meaning a ldquomysteryrdquo Since Nebuchadnezzarrsquos request included both the

dream and its interpretation mystery encompasses both o these components

However it is likely that Nebuchadnezzar himsel knew the content o the

dream but did not know the interpretation1048629

Te analogy with Nebuchadnezzarrsquos dream in Daniel 1048628 points urther to the

king having knowledge o the content o the dream Te reason the king asks his

diviners in Daniel 1048626 or not only the dreamrsquos interpretation but also its content is

to validate that whoever gave the interpretation had also received supernaturallythe content o the dream thus also validating the interpretation Nebuchadnezzar

had two symbolic dreams and he knew both dreams were symbolic (Dan 10486261048625-1048627

10486281048629-1048630) Since both dreams were symbolic Nebuchadnezzar summoned the Baby-

lonian wise men and afer they ailed to interpret the dreams he summoned

5According to Dan 10486261048625983094 Daniel requests additional time so that he may disclose ldquothe interpretation

to the kingrdquo It is possible that mystery here only includes the dreamrsquos interpretation and not the

dream itself Tis however does not do justice to the surrounding context Te dream and its inter-pretation are mentioned together in Dan 1048626983092 983093 983094 983095 983097 1048626983094 Nebuchadnezzar desires to know the

content of the dream but it must be interpreted When Daniel requested time to declare the inter-

pretation to the king he assumed that the dream would be part of this disclosure Terefore both

the dream and its interpretation are a mystery (see Brown Semitic Background p 983095 Beale Use of

Daniel p 1048625983091)





Daniel Te point is that King Nebuchadnezzar was aware that his dreams re-

quired an additional revelation o the symbolism the interpretation o which

remained a mystery to him We will address below whether or not he was completely unaware o the interpretation o the symbolic dreams

Tus ar the term mystery includes the dream and its interpretation (rom

Danielrsquos viewpoint) but the psalm in Daniel 104862610486261048624-10486261048627 lends urther insight into

the relationship between mystery and wisdom Te impetus or this psalm is

the disclosure o the mystery to Daniel ldquoTen the mystery was revealed to

Daniel in a night vision Ten Daniel blessed the God o heavenrdquo Tereore

the contents o Daniel 104862610486261048624-10486261048627 should directly relate to the nature o mystery

Since these verses significantly affect Daniel 1048626 and the nature o mystery we

will analyze the passage and then relate it to the immediate and broader context

T983144983141 H983161983149983150 983151983142 D983137983150983145983141983148 983090983090983088-983090983091

Daniel 104862610486261048624-10486261048626 uniquely describe the character o God and his relationship to

the mystery

10486261048624a Let the name o God be blessed orever and ever

10486261048624b For wisdom and power belong to Him

10486261048625a It is He who changes the times and the epochs

10486261048625b He removes kings and establishes kings

10486261048625c He gives wisdom to wise men

10486261048625d And knowledge to men o understanding

10486261048626a It is He who reveals the proound and hidden things

10486261048626b He knows what is in the darkness and the light dwells with Him

Line 10486261048624b states the reason or the blessing in 10486261048624a ldquoLet the name o God beblessed or wisdom and power belong to himrdquo Moreover 10486261048624b is defined in

the ollowing lines (10486261048625a-10486261048626b) and appears to be central wisdom and power

originate rom God alone Lines 10486261048625a-10486261048625b describe Godrsquos powermdashhe ldquochanges

the timesrdquo by ldquoremoving kingsrdquomdashwhereas lines 10486261048625c-10486261048626a concern God disclosing

his wisdommdashldquohe gives wisdom and knowledge It is he who reveals the

proound and hidden thingsrdquo Line 10486261048626b grounds 10486261048625c-10486261048626a stating the basis or

that disclosure ldquoHe who reveals the proound and hidden things [because]

he knows what is in the darkness and the light dwells with himrdquo In sum Daniel

exalts and blesses God because he is truly powerul and wise He exercises his

power by removing and establishing kings and discloses his wisdom because

he is all knowing




10486271048628 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140

Te second section Daniel 104862610486261048627 shifs rom the third person to second high-

lighting Godrsquos actions but with reerence to Daniel1048630

10486261048627a o You O God o my athers I give thanks and praise

10486261048627b For You have given me wisdom and power

10486261048627c Even now You have made known to me what we requested o You

10486261048627d For You have made known to us the kingrsquos matter

Danielrsquos praise to God is clearly exhibited in line 10486261048627a (ldquoo You I give thanks

and praiserdquo) and grounded by lines 10486261048627b-d We again detect notions o wisdom

power and revelation in 10486261048627b Godrsquos deliverance o Daniel rom distress can be

seen in line 10486261048627b ldquoYou have given me wisdomrdquo Lines 10486261048627c-d urther unpack Godgiving Daniel wisdom ldquoYou have made known to me what we requested o you

or you have made known to us the kingrsquos matterrdquo Te first section lines 10486261048624b-10486261048626b

is thereore rehearsed in the second section yet narrowly reerring to Daniel

Keeping this psalm in mind we are able to draw a ew important conclu-

sions Te first section (Dan 104862610486261048624-10486261048626) articulates God ldquoremovingrdquo and ldquoestab-

lishingrdquo kings and giving wisdom to ldquowise menrdquo In the second section (Dan

104862610486261048627) God gives Daniel wisdom concerning the rise and all o kings (ie Ne-

buchadnezzar) o take this one step urther Daniel has already labeled this

disclosure a ldquomysteryrdquo in Daniel 104862610486251048632-10486251048633 Tereore according to Daniel 104862610486261048627

(which assumes Dan 104862610486261048624-10486261048626) mystery may be initially and generally defined as

the complete unveiling of hidden end-time events

At its most basic level the term mystery concerns God revealing his

wisdom Tis accounts or the high appropriation o revealing or disclosing

vocabulary throughout the book o Daniel Te verb ldquoto revealrdquo (Aramaic

gālacirc) appears eight times reerring to God ldquodisclosingrdquo either ldquomysteriesrdquo(Dan 104862610486251048633 10486261048632-10486271048624) ldquoproound and hidden thingsrdquo (Dan 104862610486261048626) or a visionary

ldquomessagerdquo (Dan 104862510486241048625) Te disclosure o Godrsquos wisdom is the common de-

nominator o each o these passages

Tereore although revelatory language is lacking in Daniel 1048628 it is still valid

to call Nebuchadnezzarrsquos dream in this chapter a ldquorevelationrdquo Te same char-

acterization can also be applied to Danielrsquos visions in Daniel 1048631ndash10486251048626 Furthermore

in Daniel 10486311048625 Daniel ldquosaw a dream and visionsrdquo that are likely analogous to

Nebuchadnezzarrsquos dreams in Daniel 1048626 and Daniel 1048628 Just as God delivers his

6G M Prinsloo ldquowo Poems in a Sea of Prose Te Content and Context of Daniel 10486261048626983088-1048626983091 and

9830941048626983095-1048626983096rdquo JSO 983093983097 (1048625983097983097983091) 983097983095





wisdom to Daniel to know and interpret the dreams o Nebuchadnezzar in

Daniel 1048626ndash1048628 God directly discloses his wisdom to Daniel in Daniel 1048631ndash10486251048626 and

urnishes Daniel with wisdom to understand them

F983151983154983149 983151983142 983156983144983141 M983161983155983156983141983154983161

A distinctive characteristic o Daniel is the nature o twoold revelation in con-

trast to other places in the Old estament where the prophets directly receive

Godrsquos revelation Our aim in this section is to outline the basic structure o

wisdom in the book o Daniel Tis analysis will encompass its two major ea-

tures initial and partial revelation ollowed by a subsequent and uller inter-

pretation

In Daniel 1048626 Nebuchadnezzar dreams and desires to know the interpretation

(Dan 10486261048625-10486251048627) God reveals both the dream and the interpretationmdashthe mysterymdash

to Daniel in a ldquonight visionrdquo (Dan 104862610486251048633) outlined in Daniel 104862610486271048625-10486281048629 Tis dis-

closure o Godrsquos wisdom is marked by the term interpretation (Aramaic pešer )

which is used thirty-our times in Daniel Te term pešer has been extensively

discussed especially in Near Eastern1048631 and Qumran studies1048632 but or our

present purposes we will only discuss how it relates to mystery in DanielTe term interpretation may harken back to Genesis 10486281048624ndash10486281048625 where the cup-

bearer and baker had dreams and Joseph delivered their ldquointerpretationsrdquo (Gen

104862810486241048629-10486251048633) Likewise Pharaohrsquos dream cannot be interpreted by anyone except

Joseph (Gen 1048628104862510486251048628-10486271048626) Just as Joseph delivers the interpretation to the baker

the cupbearer and Pharaoh so Daniel interprets or Nebuchadnezzar

We will now evaluate Nebuchadnezzarrsquos dream in Daniel 1048628 and direct our

attention to a subtle yet important eature o the mystery since the word ap-

pears there also (Dan 10486281048633 ldquono mystery baffles you [Daniel]rdquo) It appears that

Nebuchadnezzar has some insight into the symbolic meaning o his dream

before Daniel discloses the dreamrsquos interpretation Tis observation affects our

general understanding o mystery at a undamental level On this basis we will

argue that mystery is not a radically new revelation but a disclosure o some-

thing that was largely (but not entirely) hidden

Following the model set in Daniel 1048626 king Nebuchadnezzar has another re-

velatory dream in Daniel 1048628 motivating him once again to summon the Baby-

7Michael Fishbane Biblical Interpretation in Ancient Israel (Oxford Clarendon 1048625983097983096983093) pp 983092983093983092-9830939830948Eg W H Brownlee ldquoBiblical Interpretation Among the Sectaries of the Dead Sea Scrollsrdquo BA 1048625983092

(10486259830979830931048625) 983093983092-983095983094




10486271048630 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140

lonian diviners In contrast to Daniel 1048626 where the king does not reveal the

dream this time Nebuchadnezzar reveals to them the content o his dream ldquoI

related the dream to them but they could not make its interpretation knownto merdquo (Dan 10486281048631) Nebuchadnezzar not only demonstrates knowledge o his

dream to Daniel but also a partial understanding o its interpretation Te

dream describes the story o a huge cosmic tree that provided ood or all the

animals (Dan 104862810486251048624-10486251048626) But in Daniel 104862810486251048627 the dream progresses (note the in-

troductory ormula in Dan 104862810486251048627a introducing an angelic interpreter) and an

angelic messenger supplements the dream and gives a partial interpretation

When the angel communicates the destruction o the tree he interprets the tree

as a person

He shouted out and spoke as ollows

ldquoChop down the tree and cut off its branches

Strip off its oliage and scatter its ruit

Let the beasts flee rom under it

And the birds rom its branches

Yet leave the stump with its roots in the ground

But with a band o iron and bronze around it In the new grass o the field

And let him be drenched with the dew o heaven

And let him share with the beasts in the grass o the earth

Let his mind be changed rom that of a man

And let a beastrsquos mind be given to him

And let seven periods o time pass over himrdquo (Dan 104862810486251048628-10486251048630)

Tough the Aramaic third person pronoun remains the same throughout this

passage (masculine singular) reerring to the tree and then to a person repre-

sented by the tree the angel clearly interprets the tree as a prominent figure in

Daniel 104862810486251048629-10486251048630 Within the dream report that Nebuchadnezzar receives an

angel interprets the tree as a royal figure1048633 One Greek translation (Old Greek)

o Daniel 1048628 is particularly relevant in that the translation explicitly attributes

partial understanding o the dream to Nebuchadnezzar (see excursus 10486251048625 below)

In Daniel 104862810486251048624-10486251048629 Nebuchadnezzar envisions a cosmic tree Not coinciden-

tally cosmic trees elsewhere in the Old estament symbolize prominent na-tions or individual kings Ezekiel 1048625104863110486261048627 (Israel) Ezekiel 104862710486251048625-1048626 10486251048632 (the king o

9Te mention of an angel in the Greek translation of Dan 104862610486251048625 (OG) who gives an interpretation

points further to the similar nature of the Daniel 1048626 and Daniel 983092 vision narratives





Egypt) and Ezekiel 104862710486251048627-10486251048631 (Assyria) all contain language very similar to Daniel

104862810486251048626 In Daniel 10486281048629 Nebuchadnezzar states ldquoI saw a dream and it made me

earul and these antasies as I lay on my bed and the visions in my mind keptalarming merdquo It is possible to understand the kingrsquos earul reaction to the

dream strictly as an effect o the bizarre dream On the other hand it is also

very possible that the kingrsquos behavior stems rom his suspicion that the dream

may apply to him Nebuchadnezzarrsquos dream in Daniel 1048628 ollows his dream in

Daniel 1048626 whereby the eventual destruction o the Babylonian Empire is sym-

bolically portrayed in the annihilation o the golden head (Dan 104862610486271048626-10486271048629) which

urther suggests that the king senses that this second dream was also about his

demise Moreover that the king had some sense o the dreamrsquos interpretation

o the interpretative portion o the mystery (Dan 104862610486271048630-10486281048629) may be suggested

rom observing that Daniel describes king Nebuchadnezzarrsquos rule much in the

same way that the angel describes the cosmic tree in Daniel 104862810486251048625-10486251048626

You O king are the king o kings to whom the God o heaven has given the

kingdom the power the strength and the glory and wherever the sons o men

dwell or the beasts o the field or the birds o the sky He has given them into

your hand and has caused you to rule over them all You are the head o gold(Dan 104862610486271048631-10486271048632)

Te tree grew large and became strong

And its height reached to the sky

And it was visible to the end o the whole earth

Its oliage was beautiul and its ruit abundant

And in it was ood or all

Te beasts o the field ound shade under it

And the birds o the sky dwelt in its branches

And all living creatures ed themselves rom it (Dan 104862810486251048625-10486251048626)

Te tight connection between Daniel 1048626 and Daniel 1048628 is well documented and

i the connection between the two chapters is valid then the king most likely

believed that his vision o the cosmic tree somehow involved himsel even

beore Daniel interpreted it or him Whether or not this is the case Danielrsquos

interpretation o Nebuchadnezzarrsquos dream in Daniel 104862810486251048633-10486261048631 is a urther un-

packing or ull interpretation o a partially existing interpretation which was

already known by the king himsel Te king already knew that the symbolic

tree that was elled represented some leader or king somewhere and i he had

a sense that the dream was about his own demise then he knew even more




10486271048632 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140

about the interpretation o the symbolic dream In other words Daniel more

ully interprets the kingrsquos dream and a partial (perhaps very partial) interpre-

tation o it that the king already possessedIt may be the case that Nebuchadnezzarrsquos dream in Daniel 1048626 ollows suit

According to Daniel 104862610486271048624b Daniel claims to interpret ldquoor the purpose o

making the interpretation known to the king and that you may understand the

thoughts o your mindrdquo (ldquothoughtsrdquo already in his mind which may have been

more than the mere recollection o the symbolic dream c Dan 10486311048625) Tis verse

may very well reveal that Nebuchadnezzar had some insight into the interpre-

tation o his dream in Daniel 1048626

Similar to Daniel 1048628 the king was ldquowas troubled and his sleep lef himrdquo and

he was ldquoanxious to understand the dreamrdquo (Dan 10486261048625-1048627) Tough Nebuchad-

nezzar withholds the symbolic dream rom the Babylonian wise men he may

very well have told Daniel a portion o his dream and perhaps even told Daniel

part o what he thought the dream meant It is difficult to say either way as the

text is silent Nevertheless i Daniel 1048626 and Daniel 1048628 involve similar content

identical characters (the king Nebuchadnezzar the Babylonian diviners and

Daniel) and the same revelatory ramework (both are labeled a ldquomysteryrdquo Dan104862610486251048632-10486251048633 10486281048633) then what is true o the dream report in Daniel 1048628 may well also be

true o dream report o Daniel 1048626 Tus because o the close connections be-

tween Daniel 1048626 and Daniel 1048628 Nebuchadnezzar may also have already had some

degree o insight into the symbolic meaning o his dream in Daniel 1048626 beore it

was ully interpreted by Daniel

Te remainder o Daniel generally ollows the established pattern o initial

partial revelation and a subsequent interpretation In Daniel 1048629 a twoold pattern

o cryptic revelation and interpretation suraces (Dan 10486291048631-1048632 10486251048629-10486251048631 10486261048628-10486261048632) Te

cryptic revelation (like the dreams) is the inscription on the wall (Dan 10486291048629-1048633)

Only Daniel has the ability to give an accurate interpretation As in Daniel 1048625ndash1048630

the disclosing o wisdom in Daniel 1048631ndash10486251048626 is couched in the typical two-part

structure Daniel 1048631 has long been considered to be linked with Daniel 1048626 since

the our beasts are likened to our kingdoms In addition to this thematic tie

cryptic revelation and its interpretation closely resembles Daniel 1048626 1048628 1048629 Like

Nebuchadnezzar and Belshazzar Daniel seeks an interpretation in Daniel 104863110486251048630(ldquoSo he told me and made known to me the interpretation o these thingsrdquo) and

Daniel 104863110486251048633 (ldquoTen I desired to know the exact meaning o the ourth beastrdquo)

As in Daniel 1048631 Daniel desires to receive an interpretation in Daniel 104863210486251048629-10486251048631





ldquoWhen I Daniel had seen the vision I sought to understand it I heard the

voice o a man between the banks of Ulai and he called out and said lsquoGabriel

give this man an understanding o the visionrsquordquo (c Dan 104863210486251048632-10486251048633) Like the pre-ceding episodes this cryptic revelation is interpreted through an angelic mes-

senger (Dan 104863210486251048633-10486261048630)

Daniel 1048633 differs rom Daniel 1048631ndash1048632 since Daniel does not receive an initial

vision (Dan 104863310486261048626-10486261048627) instead Daniel reads rom Jeremiahrsquos prophecy con-

cerning the ldquoseventy yearsrdquo (Jer 1048626104862910486251048625-10486251048626 1048626104863310486251048624) But it is worth noting that Jer-

emiah received the seventy-years prophecy ldquoas the word o the L983151983154983140rdquo (Dan

10486331048626) Tus Daniel is reading what God revealed to Jeremiah Daniel ldquoobservesrdquo

what God revealed to Jeremiah and understands that the interpretation o Jer-

emiahrsquos prediction included seventy literal years o captivity or Israel (Dan 10486331048626)

In addition God delivers a urther interpretation to Daniel in a vision (Dan

104863310486261048626-10486261048627) concerning ldquoJeremiahrsquos revelationrdquo and again through an angel (Dan

104863310486261048626-10486261048627 10486261048628-10486261048631) It is likely that the angelrsquos interpretation was a figurative (or

perhaps typological) understanding o Jeremiahrsquos prophecy9830891048624 Te point is that

Daniel understood the initial meaning o Godrsquos revelation to Jeremiah but then

the angel gives a urther interpretation which is based on an understanding othe initial revelation Again an idea o ldquopartial hiddennessmdashuller revelationrdquo

is expressed here Likely Daniel had little understanding o the angelrsquos urther

interpretation o Jeremiah except that this interpretation was based on and

arose rom his literal understanding o the original prophecy

Daniel 10486251048624ndash10486251048626 constitutes the final vision o the book Tis visionary expe-

rience urther develops the themes ound in Daniel 1048631ndash1048632983089983089 as well as Daniel 1048626

Unlike the previous visions this one does not explicitly use the two-tiered

approach (cryptic then revealed revelation) It may however imply this dis-

tinction or in Daniel 1048625104862410486261048625 the angel is not delivering direct revelation ldquoI will

tell you what is inscribed in the writing o truthrdquo Te notion o ldquoinscribingrdquo and

10On which see eg Meredith G Kline ldquoTe Covenant of the Seventieth Weekrdquo in Te Law and the

Prophets Old estament Studies Prepared in Honor of Oswald Tompson Allis ed John H Skilton

(Phillipsburg NJ P amp R 1048625983097983095983092) pp 9830929830931048626-983094983097 Tough Kline denies that Dan 9830971048626983092-1048626983095 is an ldquointerpre-

tationrdquo or ldquoreinterpretationrdquo of Jeremiahrsquos prophecy we believe it is allowable within Klinersquos frame-

work to see Dan 9830971048626983092-1048626983095 as drawing out typological implications of the historical fulfillment of

Jeremiahrsquos prophecy of Israelrsquos seventy years of captivity (see pp 983092983093983092 983092983094983088-983094983092 which may point to atypological interpretation) In this respect see the close verbal parallel in the 983148983160983160 between 1048626 Chron

98309198309410486261048625-10486261048626 Lev 1048626983094983091983092 and Jer 104862698309310486251048626 all of which prophesy Israelrsquos seventy-year captivity and show an

intertextual connection On the verbal parallels linking these three texts see further G K Beale

Te Erosion of Inerrancy in Evangelicalism (Wheaton Crossway 1048626983088983088983096) pp 1048625983091983097-983092104862611remper Longman Daniel NIVAC (Grand Rapids Zondervan 1048625983097983097983097) p 1048626983092983093




10486281048624 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140

ldquowritingrdquo strongly allude to Daniel 1048629 with the writing on the wall (Dan 104862910486261048628-10486261048629)

and may suggest that the angel is unctioning in an interpretative role983089983090

Significantly Daniel understands the interpretation o the dream revealedto him in Daniel 1048626 as well as the later elaboration o end-time visions and

declarations o it in Daniel 10486251048624ndash10486251048626 (see Dan 104862510486241048625 10486251048625-10486251048628) where Daniel is said to

have understood the ldquowordrdquo and vision o Daniel 10486251048624ndash10486251048626 Nevertheless he still

does not understand the vast majority o this later revelatory elaboration as

Daniel 104862510486261048628 1048632-1048633 makes clear (eg note Dan 104862510486261048632 ldquoI heard but could not under-

standrdquo) Tat the elaborated prophecy is to be ldquoconcealed and sealedrdquo (Dan 104862510486261048628

1048633) reers both to the time during which it remains unulfilled and the time

during which it is not understood Fulfillment thus brings with it greater un-

derstanding In this respect we have Daniel initially having no understanding

o the revelatory dream in Daniel 1048626 then having a significantly greater under-

standing o the dream later in Daniel 1048626 and then the subsequent elaboration

o the Daniel 1048626 and Daniel 1048631 eschatological vision in Daniel 10486251048624ndash10486251048626 reaffirms

Danielrsquos basic understanding o the end-time events Finally however in Daniel

104862510486261048628 1048632-1048633 it is evident that even Daniel still only has a partial understanding o

these events since a much greater apprehension o what he has seen and heardin Daniel 104862510486251048625ndash104862510486261048627 can only come with the ulfillment o the visionary prophecy

Tereore in our analysis we can determine that wisdom in Daniel is charac-

terized by a twoold structure symbolic and interpretative revelation Revelation

has taken the orm o dreams writing previous prophecy and visions It would

thereore be a mistake to biurcate any o these orms o revelation since each

o these modes is an expression o Godrsquos revealed wisdom Revelation albeit in

several mediums such as dreams writing and Old estament Scripture remains

largely hidden until the uller interpretation has been provided Note however

that a partial interpretation o a dream report can be embedded within the

initial revelation o the dream Te full interpretation remains unknown to in-

dividuals even to the seer (ie Nebuchadnezzar Daniel) It is not until the uller

interpretation has been given that the initial hidden revelation as a mystery is

understood And even then it is only when the end-time events prophesied in

the vision are ulfilled that even uller understanding comes (eg note the em-

phasis on the ldquowise onesrdquo who enjoy significant insight during the unolding othe end-time events Dan 1048625104862510486271048627-10486271048629 104862510486261048627 10486251048624)

12Cf David W Gooding ldquoTe Literary Structure of the Book of Daniel and Its Implicationsrdquo ynBul

9830911048626 (10486259830979830961048625) 983094983096





Tough our study affirms the general maxim that mystery constitutes a rev-

elation that was previously hidden but now has been revealed we refine this

definition by adding that the initial symbolic revelation was not entirelyhidden though most o it was unknown Te idea o ldquopartial hiddennessmdash

uller revelationrdquo is apparent in Daniel 1048626 and Daniel 1048628 the only places in Daniel

where the word mystery actually occurs Tus subsequent revelation discloses

the uller meaning o end-time events We have endeavored to show that this

idea o ldquopartial hiddennessmdashuller revelationrdquo is apparent not only in Daniel 1048626

and Daniel 1048628 but also in Daniel 1048633 Tere is not sufficient space within the scope

o this book to analyze in any depth Daniel 1048629 Daniel 1048631ndash1048632 and Daniel 10486251048624ndash10486251048626 to

see i the same notion is expressed there It is possible that such an idea is not

apparent in these other passages though one might expect that the subsequent

revelations in Daniel would ollow the pattern o the earlier ones especially

since they recapitulate one another (especially Dan 1048626 is recapitulated to a great

extent in Dan 1048631 and to varying degrees in Dan 1048632 Dan 1048633 and Dan 10486251048624ndash10486251048626) In this

respect we briefly discussed Daniel 10486251048624ndash10486251048626 and saw there that the ulfillment o

the end-time visions and prophecies indeed do bring with them even uller

understanding o these prophecies hitherto partially understood by DanielTus there is in Daniel actually a threeold pattern (1048625) little understanding o

a prophetic vision (possibly by Nebuchadnezzar in Dan 1048626 and by Nebuchad-

nezzar and Daniel in Dan 1048628) (1048626) ollowed by an interpretation that reveals

greater understanding o the prophecy which (1048627) is then ollowed by ulfillment

o the prophecy bringing with it an even greater understanding than beore

T983144983141 E983150983140-T983145983149983141 C983151983149983152983151983150983141983150983156 983151983142 983156983144983141 M983161983155983156983141983154983161

Wisdom according to the book o Daniel is related to knowledge about escha-

tological events By eschatological we mean those events that are to take place

in the ldquolatter daysrdquo Te phrase ldquolatter daysrdquo and synonymous expressions reer

to the end time and are used throughout the Old estament In the Old es-

tament these expressions pertain among other things to a time o distress

(Deut 104862810486271048624 104863210486251048630 Ezek 104862710486321048632 10486251048630) the restoration o Israel (Is 10486261048626 Jer 1048626104862710486261048624 1048627104862410486261048628

Hos 10486271048629 Mic 10486281048625) and a ruler who ushers in peace and prosperity to Israel (Gen

104862810486331048625 Num 1048626104862810486251048628) In Daniel 104862610486261048632 Daniel expresses one o the most insightulcharacteristics o the mystery ldquoTere is a God in heaven who reveals mysteries

and He has made known to King Nebuchadnezzar what will take place in the

latter daysrdquo Daniel closely conveys to Nebuchadnezzar two concepts his God




10486281048626 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140

is a ldquorevealer o mysteriesrdquo and this mystery in Daniel 1048626 specifically pertains to

the ldquolatter daysrdquo In Daniel 104862610486261048633 Daniel urther develops this notion ldquoO king

while on your bed your thoughts turned to what would take place in the uture[OG ldquoin the latter daysrdquo] and He who reveals mysteries has made known to

you what will take placerdquo

Te end-time terminology in Daniel 104862610486261048632-10486261048633 is very appropriate given the

content o the dream Te colossus represents our kingdoms that are even-

tually crushed by a ldquostonerdquo (Dan 104862610486271048629 10486281048628-10486281048629) and eclipsed by a ldquokingdom which

will never be destroyed but it will itsel endure oreverrdquo (Dan 104862610486281048628) In Daniel

104862610486281048629 Daniel summarizes the climax o the dream using latter-day terminology

ldquoInasmuch as you saw that a stone was cut out o the mountain without hands

and that it crushed the iron the bronze the great God has made known to

the king what will take place in the uture [OG ldquoin the latter daysrdquo]rdquo Te re-

mainder o Daniel touches on this main thememdashGodrsquos kingdom ultimately will

overthrow all others including Nebuchadnezzarrsquos

Some commentators in their analysis o the term mystery tend to view

Daniel 1048628 as noneschatological and disparate rom Daniel 1048626 but this position

does not take into account Daniel 1048628rsquos relationship with Daniel 1048626 According toDaniel 104862610486261048625 God

changes the times and the epochs

He removes kings and establishes kings

In an almost striking ashion Daniel 104862810486261048632-10486271048627 is an exampleulfillment o God

ldquoremovingrdquo a king (Dan 104862610486261048625 104862810486271048625) and an immediate ulfillment o the mystery

in Daniel 104862810486251048624-104862610486309830891048627 In act part o the vision o Daniel 1048626 concerns Babylon as

the first kingdom (the head o gold) and Daniel 1048628 ocuses on a beginning

judgment o this kingdomrsquos king which is partly prophesied in Daniel 1048626 (though

the judgment in Dan 1048628 is not consummate as in Dan 1048626 but within the context

o the book o Daniel it could be seen as leading up to such a decisive judgment)

Daniel 1048631ndash10486251048626 describes in more detail the end-time events that are outlined

in Daniel 1048626 As in Daniel 1048626 our kingdoms are eclipsed by Godrsquos eternal

kingdom (Dan 104863110486251048625-10486251048628) Te idea o mystery in Daniel 1048631 represents our beasts

being identified as our kingdoms that are eclipsed by Godrsquos reign Te concepto mystery in Daniel 1048632 is markedly eschatological (Dan 104863210486251048631-10486261048630)

Danielrsquos final vision in Daniel 10486251048624ndash10486251048626 likewise contains end-time language In

13Beale Use of Daniel p 1048625983093





Daniel 1048625104862410486251048628 an angelic messenger preaces the upcoming visionary content

ldquoNow I have come to give you an understanding o what will happen to your

people in the latter days or the vision pertains to the days yet futurerdquo9830891048628

Te es-chatological events in Daniel 10486251048625ndash10486251048626 comprise the rise and all o kings and the

antagonism o Antiochus IV and an end-time opponent(s) A remnant will

remain despite this affliction and will eventually be vindicated at the resurrection

In sum the content o the unveiled mystery pertains to events that take place

in the latter days Tese eschatological events primarily include a final tribu-

lation the rise and all o Israelrsquos antagonists the establishment o Godrsquos end-

time kingdom and finally the vindication o Israelrsquos righteous

C983151983150983139983148983157983155983145983151983150

Revelation o a mystery can be defined roughly as God ully disclosing wisdom

about end-time events that were mostly hitherto unknown (Dan 104862610486261048624-10486261048627) He

primarily communicates his wisdom through dreams and visions mediated by

either an individual or angel In the first hal o the book God gives his wisdom

to both Nebuchadnezzar and Daniel while in Daniel 1048631ndash10486251048626 only Daniel receives

Godrsquos wisdom (via the interpreting angel)Te structure o the mystery in Daniel 1048626 and Daniel 1048628 entails a twoold char-

acteristicmdashan individual receives a symbolic dream ollowed by a ull interpre-

tation Elsewhere in the book this structure is also ound in visions (Dan 1048631 1048632

10486251048624ndash10486251048626) writing (Dan 1048629) and previous prophecy (Dan 1048633) Te two-tiered com-

ponent o the mystery signals the hidden nature o the revelation and its sub-

sequent interpretationmdashlargely hidden but now more ully revealed Te initial

revelation was not entirely hidden but only partially and the subsequent rev-

elation discloses the uller meaning o end-time events

E983160983139983157983154983155983157983155 983089983089 T983144983141 G983154983141983141983147 O983148983140 T983141983155983156983137983149983141983150983156rsquo983155 I983150983156983141983154983152983154983141983156983137983156983145983151983150

983151983142 D983137983150983145983141983148 983092

Te Old Greek translation o Daniel 1048628 one o the earliest commentaries on the

book o Daniel attests to the angelrsquos initial interpretation o the dream (see

table 10486251048625 the underlined wording represents the Greek expansion o the Ar-

amaic text) Te Teodotion Greek rendering is much more in line with theMasoretic ext (983149983156) whereas the Old Greek greatly expands the angelrsquos initial

14Synonymous eschatological language is also found in Dan 104862510486251048626983088 1048626983095 983091983093 10486251048626983092 983095 983097 1048625983091 (cf 104862510486251048625983091)

Tough these verses do not use the phrase ldquolatter daysrdquo they use terms such as end and appointed time




10486281048628 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140

interpretation Te most notable difference occurs in the last verse where the

Old Greek reads ldquoI [Nebuchadnezzar] described the dream or him and he

[Daniel] showed me its entire interpretation [ pasan tēn synkrisin]rdquo (Dan 104862810486251048629[Dan 104862810486251048632 Eng]) Both the 983149983156 and Teodotion read simply ldquointerpretationrdquo

(Aramaic pišrā Greek to synkrima) Te Old Greek at this point may suggest

that the king did indeed have a partial understanding or interpretation o his

dream beore the uller interpretation was granted Te addition o the Old

Greek in Daniel 104862810486251048628a which is part o the dream revealed to the king is inter-

esting in this respect ldquoand he was delivered into prison and was bound by them

with shackles and bronze manacles I marveled exceedingly at all these things

and my sleep escaped rom my eyesrdquo It is clear here that a very significant

person and not a tree is in mind which was part o the cause o the kingrsquos

ldquomarvelingrdquo and his loss o sleep Tis points urther to the king realizing part

o the interpretation o the symbolism o the tree in the dream itsel beore its

subsequent interpretation by Daniel the king realized that the tree symbolized

a significant person who was being depicted as being judged and he may well

have suspected that this person was himsel Danielrsquos subsequent interpretation

clarified and more ully revealed this picture to the king

Table 11

Masoretic Text (NASB) Old Greek Theodotion

Dan 410 Now these were thevisions in my mind as I lay on mybed I was looking and beholdthere was a tree in the midst of theearth and its height was great

Dan 47 (10) I was sleepingand lo a tall tree was growing onthe earth Its appearance was hugeand there was no other like it

Dan 47 (10) Upon my bed Iwas looking and lo a tree was atthe center of the earth and itsheight was great

Dan 411 The tree grew largeand became strong And its heightreached to the sky And it was visible to the end of the wholeearth

Dan 48 (11) And itsappearance was great Its crowncame close to heaven and its spanto the clouds filling the area underheaven The sun and the moondwelled in it and illuminated thewhole earth

Dan 48 (11) The tree grewgreat and strong and its topreached as far as heaven and itsspan to the ends of the whole earth

Dan 412 Its foliage was beautiful and its fruit abundantAnd in it was food for all The beasts

of the field found shade under itAnd the birds of the sky dwelt in itsbranches And all living creaturesfed themselves from it

Dan 49 (12) Its branches wereabout thirty stadia long and all theanimals of the earth found shade

under it and the birds of the airhatched their brood in it Its fruitwas abundant and good and itsustained all living creatures

Dan 49 (12) Its foliage wasbeautiful and its fruit abundant andfood for all was on it And the wild

animals dwelled under it and thebirds of the air lived in its branchesand from it all flesh was fed






Dan 413 I was looking in the

visions in my mind as I lay on mybed and behold an angelic watcher a holy one descendedfrom heaven

Dan 410 (13) I continued

looking in my sleep lo an angelwas sent in power out of heaven


looking in the vision of the nightwhile on my bed and lo there wasan Ir and a holy one descendedfrom heaven

Dan 414 He shouted out andspoke as follows ldquoChop down thetree and cut off its branches Stripoff its foliage and scatter its fruitLet the beasts flee from under itAnd the birds from its branches

Dan 411 (14) And he calledand said ldquoCut it down and destroyit for it has been decreed by theMost High to uproot and render ituselessrdquo

Dan 411 (14) And he calledmightily and thus he said ldquoCutdown the tree and pluck out itsbranches and strip off its foliageand scatter its fruit Let the animalsbe shaken beneath it and the birdsfrom its branches

Dan 415 ldquoYet leave the stumpwith its roots in the ground Butwith a band of iron and bronzearound it In the new grass of thefield And let him be drenched withthe dew of heaven And let himshare with the beasts in the grass ofthe earth

Dan 412 (15) And thus hesaid ldquoSpare one of its roots in theground so that he may feed ongrass like an ox with the animals ofthe earth in the mountains

Dan 412 (15) ldquoNeverthelessleave the growth of its roots in theground and with a band of iron andbronze and he will lie in the tendergrass of the outdoors and in thedew of heaven And his lot will bewith the animals in the grass of theearth

Dan 416 ldquoLet his mind be

changed from that of a man And leta beastrsquos mind be given to him Andlet seven periods of time pass overhim

Dan 413 (16) ldquoand his body

may be changed from the dew ofheaven and he may graze withthem for seven years

Dan 413 (16) ldquoHis heart will

be changed from that of humansand the heart of an animal will begiven to him and seven seasonswill be altered over him

Dan 417 ldquoThis sentence is bythe decree of the angelic watchersAnd the decision is a command ofthe holy ones In order that theliving may know That the MostHigh is ruler over the realm of

mankind And bestows it on whomHe wishes And sets over it thelowliest of menrdquo

Dan 414 (17) ldquountil heacknowledges that the Lord ofheaven has authority overeverything which is in heaven andwhich is on the earth and does withthem whatever he wishesrdquo [14a] It

was cut down before me in one dayand its destruction was in one hourof the day And its branches weregiven to every wind and it wasdragged and thrown away He ategrass with the animals of the earthAnd he was delivered into prisonand was bound by them withshackles and bronze manacles Imarveled exceedingly at all thesethings and my sleep escaped frommy eyes

Dan 414 (17) ldquoThe sentence isby meaning of Ir and the demandis the word of holy ones in orderthat those alive may know that theMost High is Lord of the kingdom ofhumans and he will give it to

whom he will and he will set overit what is contemned of humansrdquo




10486281048630 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140


Dan 418 ldquoThis is the dream

which I King Nebuchadnezzar haveseen Now you Belteshazzar tellme its interpretation inasmuch asnone of the wise men of mykingdom is able to make known tome the interpretation [ pišrāʾ ] butyou are able for a spirit of the holygods is in you

Dan 415 (18) And when I

arose in the morning from my bed Icalled Daniel the ruler of thesavants and the leader of thosewho decide dreams and I describedthe dream for him and he showedme its entire interpretation [ pasantēn synkrisin]

Dan 415 (18) This is the

dream that I KingNabouchodonosor saw And youBaltasar tell the meaning since allthe sages of my kingdom areunable to explain to me themeaning [to synkrima] But youDaniel are able because a holydivine spirit is in you

I this is a correct understanding o the Old Greek it shows what the Greek

translator thought was the meaning o the Aramaic text o Daniel 1048628 and it is

in line with our earlier definition o mystery in this chaptermdashan initial partially

hidden revelation that is subsequently more ully revealed





H I D D E N


G K B

B L G




InterVarsity Press





Press














ISBN 983097983095983096-983088-983096983091983088983096-983090983095983089983096-983091 (print)

ISBN 983097983095983096-983088-983096983091983088983096-983097983094983096983091-983095 (digital)







pages cm





BS9830909830931048628983093M983096983095B1048628983091 9830909830889830891048628

983090983091983088rsquo9830881048628983089mdashdc983090983091

P 9830901048628 983090983091 983090983090 983090983089 983090983088 983089983097 983089983096 983089983095 983089983094 983089983093 9830891048628 983089983091 983089983090 983089983089 983089983088 983097 983096 983095 983094 983093 1048628 983091 983090 983089

Y 983091983093 9830911048628 983091983091 983091983090 983091983089 983091983088 983090983097 983090983096 983090983095 983090983094 983090983093 9830901048628 983090983091 983090983090 983090983089 983090983088 983089983097 983089983096 983089983095 983089983094 983089983093 9830891048628




C

Preace 983095















983089983091 Conclusion 983091983090983088


Bibliography 983091983094983093







I




























10486251048632 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140













































to the New
























1 AHD p 10486251048625983094983091




10486261048624 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140




















logical concept














98309210486261048625









































10486261048626 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140













































































10486261048628 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140




patterns



lusion derives




































































10486261048630 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140






























































983089

T U M D



























10486271048624 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140
















M983161983155983156983141983154983161 983145983150 D983137983150983145983141983148




































book o Daniel
























10486271048626 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140

































Daniel p 1048625983091)
















T983144983141 H983161983149983150 983151983142 D983137983150983145983141983148 983090983090983088-983090983091


the mystery



















he is all knowing




10486271048628 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140

































9830941048626983095-1048626983096rdquo JSO 983093983097 (1048625983097983097983091) 983097983095








F983151983154983149 983151983142 983156983144983141 M983161983155983156983141983154983161






pretation























(10486259830979830931048625) 983093983092-983095983094




10486271048630 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140










as a person

































































10486271048632 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140









































senger (Dan 104863210486251048633-10486261048630)



































10486281048624 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140

































9830911048626 (10486259830979830961048625) 983094983096


























T983144983141 E983150983140-T983145983149983141 C983151983149983152983151983150983141983150983156 983151983142 983156983144983141 M983161983155983156983141983154983161














10486281048626 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140















































C983151983150983139983148983157983155983145983151983150














E983160983139983157983154983155983157983155 983089983089 T983144983141 G983154983141983141983147 O983148983140 T983141983155983156983137983149983141983150983156rsquo983155 I983150983156983141983154983152983154983141983156983137983156983145983151983150

983151983142 D983137983150983145983141983148 983092










10486281048628 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140


















Table 11














































10486281048630 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140














InterVarsity Press





Press














ISBN 983097983095983096-983088-983096983091983088983096-983090983095983089983096-983091 (print)

ISBN 983097983095983096-983088-983096983091983088983096-983097983094983096983091-983095 (digital)







pages cm





BS9830909830931048628983093M983096983095B1048628983091 9830909830889830891048628

983090983091983088rsquo9830881048628983089mdashdc983090983091

P 9830901048628 983090983091 983090983090 983090983089 983090983088 983089983097 983089983096 983089983095 983089983094 983089983093 9830891048628 983089983091 983089983090 983089983089 983089983088 983097 983096 983095 983094 983093 1048628 983091 983090 983089

Y 983091983093 9830911048628 983091983091 983091983090 983091983089 983091983088 983090983097 983090983096 983090983095 983090983094 983090983093 9830901048628 983090983091 983090983090 983090983089 983090983088 983089983097 983089983096 983089983095 983089983094 983089983093 9830891048628




C

Preace 983095















983089983091 Conclusion 983091983090983088


Bibliography 983091983094983093







I




























10486251048632 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140













































to the New
























1 AHD p 10486251048625983094983091




10486261048624 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140




















logical concept














98309210486261048625









































10486261048626 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140













































































10486261048628 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140




patterns



lusion derives




































































10486261048630 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140






























































983089

T U M D



























10486271048624 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140
















M983161983155983156983141983154983161 983145983150 D983137983150983145983141983148




































book o Daniel
























10486271048626 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140

































Daniel p 1048625983091)
















T983144983141 H983161983149983150 983151983142 D983137983150983145983141983148 983090983090983088-983090983091


the mystery



















he is all knowing




10486271048628 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140

































9830941048626983095-1048626983096rdquo JSO 983093983097 (1048625983097983097983091) 983097983095








F983151983154983149 983151983142 983156983144983141 M983161983155983156983141983154983161






pretation























(10486259830979830931048625) 983093983092-983095983094




10486271048630 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140










as a person

































































10486271048632 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140









































senger (Dan 104863210486251048633-10486261048630)



































10486281048624 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140

































9830911048626 (10486259830979830961048625) 983094983096


























T983144983141 E983150983140-T983145983149983141 C983151983149983152983151983150983141983150983156 983151983142 983156983144983141 M983161983155983156983141983154983161














10486281048626 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140















































C983151983150983139983148983157983155983145983151983150














E983160983139983157983154983155983157983155 983089983089 T983144983141 G983154983141983141983147 O983148983140 T983141983155983156983137983149983141983150983156rsquo983155 I983150983156983141983154983152983154983141983156983137983156983145983151983150

983151983142 D983137983150983145983141983148 983092










10486281048628 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140


















Table 11














































10486281048630 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140














C

Preace 983095















983089983091 Conclusion 983091983090983088


Bibliography 983091983094983093







I




























10486251048632 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140













































to the New
























1 AHD p 10486251048625983094983091




10486261048624 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140




















logical concept














98309210486261048625









































10486261048626 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140













































































10486261048628 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140




patterns



lusion derives




































































10486261048630 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140






























































983089

T U M D



























10486271048624 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140
















M983161983155983156983141983154983161 983145983150 D983137983150983145983141983148




































book o Daniel
























10486271048626 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140

































Daniel p 1048625983091)
















T983144983141 H983161983149983150 983151983142 D983137983150983145983141983148 983090983090983088-983090983091


the mystery



















he is all knowing




10486271048628 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140

































9830941048626983095-1048626983096rdquo JSO 983093983097 (1048625983097983097983091) 983097983095








F983151983154983149 983151983142 983156983144983141 M983161983155983156983141983154983161






pretation























(10486259830979830931048625) 983093983092-983095983094




10486271048630 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140










as a person

































































10486271048632 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140









































senger (Dan 104863210486251048633-10486261048630)



































10486281048624 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140

































9830911048626 (10486259830979830961048625) 983094983096


























T983144983141 E983150983140-T983145983149983141 C983151983149983152983151983150983141983150983156 983151983142 983156983144983141 M983161983155983156983141983154983161














10486281048626 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140















































C983151983150983139983148983157983155983145983151983150














E983160983139983157983154983155983157983155 983089983089 T983144983141 G983154983141983141983147 O983148983140 T983141983155983156983137983149983141983150983156rsquo983155 I983150983156983141983154983152983154983141983156983137983156983145983151983150

983151983142 D983137983150983145983141983148 983092










10486281048628 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140


















Table 11














































10486281048630 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140














I




























10486251048632 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140













































to the New
























1 AHD p 10486251048625983094983091




10486261048624 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140




















logical concept














98309210486261048625









































10486261048626 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140













































































10486261048628 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140




patterns



lusion derives




































































10486261048630 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140






























































983089

T U M D



























10486271048624 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140
















M983161983155983156983141983154983161 983145983150 D983137983150983145983141983148




































book o Daniel
























10486271048626 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140

































Daniel p 1048625983091)
















T983144983141 H983161983149983150 983151983142 D983137983150983145983141983148 983090983090983088-983090983091


the mystery



















he is all knowing




10486271048628 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140

































9830941048626983095-1048626983096rdquo JSO 983093983097 (1048625983097983097983091) 983097983095








F983151983154983149 983151983142 983156983144983141 M983161983155983156983141983154983161






pretation























(10486259830979830931048625) 983093983092-983095983094




10486271048630 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140










as a person

































































10486271048632 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140









































senger (Dan 104863210486251048633-10486261048630)



































10486281048624 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140

































9830911048626 (10486259830979830961048625) 983094983096


























T983144983141 E983150983140-T983145983149983141 C983151983149983152983151983150983141983150983156 983151983142 983156983144983141 M983161983155983156983141983154983161














10486281048626 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140















































C983151983150983139983148983157983155983145983151983150














E983160983139983157983154983155983157983155 983089983089 T983144983141 G983154983141983141983147 O983148983140 T983141983155983156983137983149983141983150983156rsquo983155 I983150983156983141983154983152983154983141983156983137983156983145983151983150

983151983142 D983137983150983145983141983148 983092










10486281048628 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140


















Table 11














































10486281048630 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140














10486251048632 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140













































to the New
























1 AHD p 10486251048625983094983091




10486261048624 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140




















logical concept














98309210486261048625









































10486261048626 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140













































































10486261048628 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140




patterns



lusion derives




































































10486261048630 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140






























































983089

T U M D



























10486271048624 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140
















M983161983155983156983141983154983161 983145983150 D983137983150983145983141983148




































book o Daniel
























10486271048626 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140

































Daniel p 1048625983091)
















T983144983141 H983161983149983150 983151983142 D983137983150983145983141983148 983090983090983088-983090983091


the mystery



















he is all knowing




10486271048628 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140

































9830941048626983095-1048626983096rdquo JSO 983093983097 (1048625983097983097983091) 983097983095








F983151983154983149 983151983142 983156983144983141 M983161983155983156983141983154983161






pretation























(10486259830979830931048625) 983093983092-983095983094




10486271048630 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140










as a person

































































10486271048632 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140









































senger (Dan 104863210486251048633-10486261048630)



































10486281048624 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140

































9830911048626 (10486259830979830961048625) 983094983096


























T983144983141 E983150983140-T983145983149983141 C983151983149983152983151983150983141983150983156 983151983142 983156983144983141 M983161983155983156983141983154983161














10486281048626 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140















































C983151983150983139983148983157983155983145983151983150














E983160983139983157983154983155983157983155 983089983089 T983144983141 G983154983141983141983147 O983148983140 T983141983155983156983137983149983141983150983156rsquo983155 I983150983156983141983154983152983154983141983156983137983156983145983151983150

983151983142 D983137983150983145983141983148 983092










10486281048628 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140


















Table 11














































10486281048630 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140






















to the New
























1 AHD p 10486251048625983094983091




10486261048624 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140




















logical concept














98309210486261048625









































10486261048626 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140













































































10486261048628 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140




patterns



lusion derives




































































10486261048630 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140






























































983089

T U M D



























10486271048624 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140
















M983161983155983156983141983154983161 983145983150 D983137983150983145983141983148




































book o Daniel
























10486271048626 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140

































Daniel p 1048625983091)
















T983144983141 H983161983149983150 983151983142 D983137983150983145983141983148 983090983090983088-983090983091


the mystery



















he is all knowing




10486271048628 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140

































9830941048626983095-1048626983096rdquo JSO 983093983097 (1048625983097983097983091) 983097983095








F983151983154983149 983151983142 983156983144983141 M983161983155983156983141983154983161






pretation























(10486259830979830931048625) 983093983092-983095983094




10486271048630 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140










as a person

































































10486271048632 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140









































senger (Dan 104863210486251048633-10486261048630)



































10486281048624 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140

































9830911048626 (10486259830979830961048625) 983094983096


























T983144983141 E983150983140-T983145983149983141 C983151983149983152983151983150983141983150983156 983151983142 983156983144983141 M983161983155983156983141983154983161














10486281048626 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140















































C983151983150983139983148983157983155983145983151983150














E983160983139983157983154983155983157983155 983089983089 T983144983141 G983154983141983141983147 O983148983140 T983141983155983156983137983149983141983150983156rsquo983155 I983150983156983141983154983152983154983141983156983137983156983145983151983150

983151983142 D983137983150983145983141983148 983092










10486281048628 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140


















Table 11














































10486281048630 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140














10486261048624 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140




















logical concept














98309210486261048625









































10486261048626 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140













































































10486261048628 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140




patterns



lusion derives




































































10486261048630 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140






























































983089

T U M D



























10486271048624 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140
















M983161983155983156983141983154983161 983145983150 D983137983150983145983141983148




































book o Daniel
























10486271048626 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140

































Daniel p 1048625983091)
















T983144983141 H983161983149983150 983151983142 D983137983150983145983141983148 983090983090983088-983090983091


the mystery



















he is all knowing




10486271048628 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140

































9830941048626983095-1048626983096rdquo JSO 983093983097 (1048625983097983097983091) 983097983095








F983151983154983149 983151983142 983156983144983141 M983161983155983156983141983154983161






pretation























(10486259830979830931048625) 983093983092-983095983094




10486271048630 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140










as a person

































































10486271048632 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140









































senger (Dan 104863210486251048633-10486261048630)



































10486281048624 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140

































9830911048626 (10486259830979830961048625) 983094983096


























T983144983141 E983150983140-T983145983149983141 C983151983149983152983151983150983141983150983156 983151983142 983156983144983141 M983161983155983156983141983154983161














10486281048626 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140















































C983151983150983139983148983157983155983145983151983150














E983160983139983157983154983155983157983155 983089983089 T983144983141 G983154983141983141983147 O983148983140 T983141983155983156983137983149983141983150983156rsquo983155 I983150983156983141983154983152983154983141983156983137983156983145983151983150

983151983142 D983137983150983145983141983148 983092










10486281048628 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140


















Table 11














































10486281048630 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140



















































10486261048626 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140













































































10486261048628 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140




patterns



lusion derives




































































10486261048630 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140






























































983089

T U M D



























10486271048624 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140
















M983161983155983156983141983154983161 983145983150 D983137983150983145983141983148




































book o Daniel
























10486271048626 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140

































Daniel p 1048625983091)
















T983144983141 H983161983149983150 983151983142 D983137983150983145983141983148 983090983090983088-983090983091


the mystery



















he is all knowing




10486271048628 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140

































9830941048626983095-1048626983096rdquo JSO 983093983097 (1048625983097983097983091) 983097983095








F983151983154983149 983151983142 983156983144983141 M983161983155983156983141983154983161






pretation























(10486259830979830931048625) 983093983092-983095983094




10486271048630 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140










as a person

































































10486271048632 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140









































senger (Dan 104863210486251048633-10486261048630)



































10486281048624 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140

































9830911048626 (10486259830979830961048625) 983094983096


























T983144983141 E983150983140-T983145983149983141 C983151983149983152983151983150983141983150983156 983151983142 983156983144983141 M983161983155983156983141983154983161














10486281048626 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140















































C983151983150983139983148983157983155983145983151983150














E983160983139983157983154983155983157983155 983089983089 T983144983141 G983154983141983141983147 O983148983140 T983141983155983156983137983149983141983150983156rsquo983155 I983150983156983141983154983152983154983141983156983137983156983145983151983150

983151983142 D983137983150983145983141983148 983092










10486281048628 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140


















Table 11














































10486281048630 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140






















































10486261048628 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140




patterns



lusion derives




































































10486261048630 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140






























































983089

T U M D



























10486271048624 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140
















M983161983155983156983141983154983161 983145983150 D983137983150983145983141983148




































book o Daniel
























10486271048626 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140

































Daniel p 1048625983091)
















T983144983141 H983161983149983150 983151983142 D983137983150983145983141983148 983090983090983088-983090983091


the mystery



















he is all knowing




10486271048628 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140

































9830941048626983095-1048626983096rdquo JSO 983093983097 (1048625983097983097983091) 983097983095








F983151983154983149 983151983142 983156983144983141 M983161983155983156983141983154983161






pretation























(10486259830979830931048625) 983093983092-983095983094




10486271048630 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140










as a person

































































10486271048632 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140









































senger (Dan 104863210486251048633-10486261048630)



































10486281048624 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140

































9830911048626 (10486259830979830961048625) 983094983096


























T983144983141 E983150983140-T983145983149983141 C983151983149983152983151983150983141983150983156 983151983142 983156983144983141 M983161983155983156983141983154983161














10486281048626 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140















































C983151983150983139983148983157983155983145983151983150














E983160983139983157983154983155983157983155 983089983089 T983144983141 G983154983141983141983147 O983148983140 T983141983155983156983137983149983141983150983156rsquo983155 I983150983156983141983154983152983154983141983156983137983156983145983151983150

983151983142 D983137983150983145983141983148 983092










10486281048628 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140


















Table 11














































10486281048630 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140





















































10486261048630 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140






























































983089

T U M D



























10486271048624 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140
















M983161983155983156983141983154983161 983145983150 D983137983150983145983141983148




































book o Daniel
























10486271048626 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140

































Daniel p 1048625983091)
















T983144983141 H983161983149983150 983151983142 D983137983150983145983141983148 983090983090983088-983090983091


the mystery



















he is all knowing




10486271048628 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140

































9830941048626983095-1048626983096rdquo JSO 983093983097 (1048625983097983097983091) 983097983095








F983151983154983149 983151983142 983156983144983141 M983161983155983156983141983154983161






pretation























(10486259830979830931048625) 983093983092-983095983094




10486271048630 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140










as a person

































































10486271048632 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140









































senger (Dan 104863210486251048633-10486261048630)



































10486281048624 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140

































9830911048626 (10486259830979830961048625) 983094983096


























T983144983141 E983150983140-T983145983149983141 C983151983149983152983151983150983141983150983156 983151983142 983156983144983141 M983161983155983156983141983154983161














10486281048626 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140















































C983151983150983139983148983157983155983145983151983150














E983160983139983157983154983155983157983155 983089983089 T983144983141 G983154983141983141983147 O983148983140 T983141983155983156983137983149983141983150983156rsquo983155 I983150983156983141983154983152983154983141983156983137983156983145983151983150

983151983142 D983137983150983145983141983148 983092










10486281048628 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140


















Table 11














































10486281048630 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140








































983089

T U M D



























10486271048624 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140
















M983161983155983156983141983154983161 983145983150 D983137983150983145983141983148




































book o Daniel
























10486271048626 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140

































Daniel p 1048625983091)
















T983144983141 H983161983149983150 983151983142 D983137983150983145983141983148 983090983090983088-983090983091


the mystery



















he is all knowing




10486271048628 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140

































9830941048626983095-1048626983096rdquo JSO 983093983097 (1048625983097983097983091) 983097983095








F983151983154983149 983151983142 983156983144983141 M983161983155983156983141983154983161






pretation























(10486259830979830931048625) 983093983092-983095983094




10486271048630 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140










as a person

































































10486271048632 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140









































senger (Dan 104863210486251048633-10486261048630)



































10486281048624 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140

































9830911048626 (10486259830979830961048625) 983094983096


























T983144983141 E983150983140-T983145983149983141 C983151983149983152983151983150983141983150983156 983151983142 983156983144983141 M983161983155983156983141983154983161














10486281048626 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140















































C983151983150983139983148983157983155983145983151983150














E983160983139983157983154983155983157983155 983089983089 T983144983141 G983154983141983141983147 O983148983140 T983141983155983156983137983149983141983150983156rsquo983155 I983150983156983141983154983152983154983141983156983137983156983145983151983150

983151983142 D983137983150983145983141983148 983092










10486281048628 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140


















Table 11














































10486281048630 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140














10486271048624 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140
















M983161983155983156983141983154983161 983145983150 D983137983150983145983141983148




































book o Daniel
























10486271048626 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140

































Daniel p 1048625983091)
















T983144983141 H983161983149983150 983151983142 D983137983150983145983141983148 983090983090983088-983090983091


the mystery



















he is all knowing




10486271048628 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140

































9830941048626983095-1048626983096rdquo JSO 983093983097 (1048625983097983097983091) 983097983095








F983151983154983149 983151983142 983156983144983141 M983161983155983156983141983154983161






pretation























(10486259830979830931048625) 983093983092-983095983094




10486271048630 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140










as a person

































































10486271048632 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140









































senger (Dan 104863210486251048633-10486261048630)



































10486281048624 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140

































9830911048626 (10486259830979830961048625) 983094983096


























T983144983141 E983150983140-T983145983149983141 C983151983149983152983151983150983141983150983156 983151983142 983156983144983141 M983161983155983156983141983154983161














10486281048626 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140















































C983151983150983139983148983157983155983145983151983150














E983160983139983157983154983155983157983155 983089983089 T983144983141 G983154983141983141983147 O983148983140 T983141983155983156983137983149983141983150983156rsquo983155 I983150983156983141983154983152983154983141983156983137983156983145983151983150

983151983142 D983137983150983145983141983148 983092










10486281048628 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140


















Table 11














































10486281048630 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140



























book o Daniel
























10486271048626 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140

































Daniel p 1048625983091)
















T983144983141 H983161983149983150 983151983142 D983137983150983145983141983148 983090983090983088-983090983091


the mystery



















he is all knowing




10486271048628 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140

































9830941048626983095-1048626983096rdquo JSO 983093983097 (1048625983097983097983091) 983097983095








F983151983154983149 983151983142 983156983144983141 M983161983155983156983141983154983161






pretation























(10486259830979830931048625) 983093983092-983095983094




10486271048630 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140










as a person

































































10486271048632 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140









































senger (Dan 104863210486251048633-10486261048630)



































10486281048624 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140

































9830911048626 (10486259830979830961048625) 983094983096


























T983144983141 E983150983140-T983145983149983141 C983151983149983152983151983150983141983150983156 983151983142 983156983144983141 M983161983155983156983141983154983161














10486281048626 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140















































C983151983150983139983148983157983155983145983151983150














E983160983139983157983154983155983157983155 983089983089 T983144983141 G983154983141983141983147 O983148983140 T983141983155983156983137983149983141983150983156rsquo983155 I983150983156983141983154983152983154983141983156983137983156983145983151983150

983151983142 D983137983150983145983141983148 983092










10486281048628 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140


















Table 11














































10486281048630 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140














10486271048626 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140

































Daniel p 1048625983091)
















T983144983141 H983161983149983150 983151983142 D983137983150983145983141983148 983090983090983088-983090983091


the mystery



















he is all knowing




10486271048628 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140

































9830941048626983095-1048626983096rdquo JSO 983093983097 (1048625983097983097983091) 983097983095








F983151983154983149 983151983142 983156983144983141 M983161983155983156983141983154983161






pretation























(10486259830979830931048625) 983093983092-983095983094




10486271048630 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140










as a person

































































10486271048632 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140









































senger (Dan 104863210486251048633-10486261048630)



































10486281048624 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140

































9830911048626 (10486259830979830961048625) 983094983096


























T983144983141 E983150983140-T983145983149983141 C983151983149983152983151983150983141983150983156 983151983142 983156983144983141 M983161983155983156983141983154983161














10486281048626 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140















































C983151983150983139983148983157983155983145983151983150














E983160983139983157983154983155983157983155 983089983089 T983144983141 G983154983141983141983147 O983148983140 T983141983155983156983137983149983141983150983156rsquo983155 I983150983156983141983154983152983154983141983156983137983156983145983151983150

983151983142 D983137983150983145983141983148 983092










10486281048628 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140


















Table 11














































10486281048630 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140


























T983144983141 H983161983149983150 983151983142 D983137983150983145983141983148 983090983090983088-983090983091


the mystery



















he is all knowing




10486271048628 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140

































9830941048626983095-1048626983096rdquo JSO 983093983097 (1048625983097983097983091) 983097983095








F983151983154983149 983151983142 983156983144983141 M983161983155983156983141983154983161






pretation























(10486259830979830931048625) 983093983092-983095983094




10486271048630 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140










as a person

































































10486271048632 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140









































senger (Dan 104863210486251048633-10486261048630)



































10486281048624 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140

































9830911048626 (10486259830979830961048625) 983094983096


























T983144983141 E983150983140-T983145983149983141 C983151983149983152983151983150983141983150983156 983151983142 983156983144983141 M983161983155983156983141983154983161














10486281048626 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140















































C983151983150983139983148983157983155983145983151983150














E983160983139983157983154983155983157983155 983089983089 T983144983141 G983154983141983141983147 O983148983140 T983141983155983156983137983149983141983150983156rsquo983155 I983150983156983141983154983152983154983141983156983137983156983145983151983150

983151983142 D983137983150983145983141983148 983092










10486281048628 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140


















Table 11














































10486281048630 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140














10486271048628 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140

































9830941048626983095-1048626983096rdquo JSO 983093983097 (1048625983097983097983091) 983097983095








F983151983154983149 983151983142 983156983144983141 M983161983155983156983141983154983161






pretation























(10486259830979830931048625) 983093983092-983095983094




10486271048630 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140










as a person

































































10486271048632 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140









































senger (Dan 104863210486251048633-10486261048630)



































10486281048624 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140

































9830911048626 (10486259830979830961048625) 983094983096


























T983144983141 E983150983140-T983145983149983141 C983151983149983152983151983150983141983150983156 983151983142 983156983144983141 M983161983155983156983141983154983161














10486281048626 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140















































C983151983150983139983148983157983155983145983151983150














E983160983139983157983154983155983157983155 983089983089 T983144983141 G983154983141983141983147 O983148983140 T983141983155983156983137983149983141983150983156rsquo983155 I983150983156983141983154983152983154983141983156983137983156983145983151983150

983151983142 D983137983150983145983141983148 983092










10486281048628 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140


















Table 11














































10486281048630 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140


















F983151983154983149 983151983142 983156983144983141 M983161983155983156983141983154983161






pretation























(10486259830979830931048625) 983093983092-983095983094




10486271048630 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140










as a person

































































10486271048632 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140









































senger (Dan 104863210486251048633-10486261048630)



































10486281048624 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140

































9830911048626 (10486259830979830961048625) 983094983096


























T983144983141 E983150983140-T983145983149983141 C983151983149983152983151983150983141983150983156 983151983142 983156983144983141 M983161983155983156983141983154983161














10486281048626 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140















































C983151983150983139983148983157983155983145983151983150














E983160983139983157983154983155983157983155 983089983089 T983144983141 G983154983141983141983147 O983148983140 T983141983155983156983137983149983141983150983156rsquo983155 I983150983156983141983154983152983154983141983156983137983156983145983151983150

983151983142 D983137983150983145983141983148 983092










10486281048628 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140


















Table 11














































10486281048630 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140














10486271048630 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140










as a person

































































10486271048632 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140









































senger (Dan 104863210486251048633-10486261048630)



































10486281048624 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140

































9830911048626 (10486259830979830961048625) 983094983096


























T983144983141 E983150983140-T983145983149983141 C983151983149983152983151983150983141983150983156 983151983142 983156983144983141 M983161983155983156983141983154983161














10486281048626 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140















































C983151983150983139983148983157983155983145983151983150














E983160983139983157983154983155983157983155 983089983089 T983144983141 G983154983141983141983147 O983148983140 T983141983155983156983137983149983141983150983156rsquo983155 I983150983156983141983154983152983154983141983156983137983156983145983151983150

983151983142 D983137983150983145983141983148 983092










10486281048628 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140


















Table 11














































10486281048630 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140




















































10486271048632 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140









































senger (Dan 104863210486251048633-10486261048630)



































10486281048624 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140

































9830911048626 (10486259830979830961048625) 983094983096


























T983144983141 E983150983140-T983145983149983141 C983151983149983152983151983150983141983150983156 983151983142 983156983144983141 M983161983155983156983141983154983161














10486281048626 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140















































C983151983150983139983148983157983155983145983151983150














E983160983139983157983154983155983157983155 983089983089 T983144983141 G983154983141983141983147 O983148983140 T983141983155983156983137983149983141983150983156rsquo983155 I983150983156983141983154983152983154983141983156983137983156983145983151983150

983151983142 D983137983150983145983141983148 983092










10486281048628 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140


















Table 11














































10486281048630 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140


















senger (Dan 104863210486251048633-10486261048630)



































10486281048624 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140

































9830911048626 (10486259830979830961048625) 983094983096


























T983144983141 E983150983140-T983145983149983141 C983151983149983152983151983150983141983150983156 983151983142 983156983144983141 M983161983155983156983141983154983161














10486281048626 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140















































C983151983150983139983148983157983155983145983151983150














E983160983139983157983154983155983157983155 983089983089 T983144983141 G983154983141983141983147 O983148983140 T983141983155983156983137983149983141983150983156rsquo983155 I983150983156983141983154983152983154983141983156983137983156983145983151983150

983151983142 D983137983150983145983141983148 983092










10486281048628 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140


















Table 11














































10486281048630 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140














10486281048624 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140

































9830911048626 (10486259830979830961048625) 983094983096


























T983144983141 E983150983140-T983145983149983141 C983151983149983152983151983150983141983150983156 983151983142 983156983144983141 M983161983155983156983141983154983161














10486281048626 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140















































C983151983150983139983148983157983155983145983151983150














E983160983139983157983154983155983157983155 983089983089 T983144983141 G983154983141983141983147 O983148983140 T983141983155983156983137983149983141983150983156rsquo983155 I983150983156983141983154983152983154983141983156983137983156983145983151983150

983151983142 D983137983150983145983141983148 983092










10486281048628 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140


















Table 11














































10486281048630 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140




































T983144983141 E983150983140-T983145983149983141 C983151983149983152983151983150983141983150983156 983151983142 983156983144983141 M983161983155983156983141983154983161














10486281048626 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140















































C983151983150983139983148983157983155983145983151983150














E983160983139983157983154983155983157983155 983089983089 T983144983141 G983154983141983141983147 O983148983140 T983141983155983156983137983149983141983150983156rsquo983155 I983150983156983141983154983152983154983141983156983137983156983145983151983150

983151983142 D983137983150983145983141983148 983092










10486281048628 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140


















Table 11














































10486281048630 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140














10486281048626 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140















































C983151983150983139983148983157983155983145983151983150














E983160983139983157983154983155983157983155 983089983089 T983144983141 G983154983141983141983147 O983148983140 T983141983155983156983137983149983141983150983156rsquo983155 I983150983156983141983154983152983154983141983156983137983156983145983151983150

983151983142 D983137983150983145983141983148 983092










10486281048628 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140


















Table 11














































10486281048630 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140

























C983151983150983139983148983157983155983145983151983150














E983160983139983157983154983155983157983155 983089983089 T983144983141 G983154983141983141983147 O983148983140 T983141983155983156983137983149983141983150983156rsquo983155 I983150983156983141983154983152983154983141983156983137983156983145983151983150

983151983142 D983137983150983145983141983148 983092










10486281048628 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140


















Table 11














































10486281048630 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140














10486281048628 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140


















Table 11














































10486281048630 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140











































10486281048630 H983145983140983140983141983150 B983157983156 N983151983159 R983141983158983141983137983148983141983140












hidden but now revealed by g.k beale and benjamin l. gladd - excerpt

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