hernandez.atlanta080107.mz
DESCRIPTION
Effect of protein and energy on broilersTRANSCRIPT
Dietary Protein and Energy Effects on Broiler Live Performance to 42 Days
F. I. L. Hernandez1, D. R. Korver2, R. A. Renema2, M. J. Zuidhof1
1Alberta Agriculture and Food, Agriculture Research Division, AB. Canada
2Agricultural Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, AB. Canada
The Problem
• Story of the fat chicken – Producers were paid for BW and this resulted in carcasses with high fat content
Objective
• Evaluate the effects of different protein and energy levels on performance of broilers
Materials and Methods
• 3,700 Chicks • 2 x 2 x 3 x 5 factorial experiment
– 2 sexes– 2 prestarter nutrient densities (High and Low)
• Prestarters were nested within Sex x ME x DBP– 3 levels of metabolizable energy (ME) - 94, 97 and 100
% of COBB recommendations for maximizing growth and FCR
– 5 levels of dietary balanced protein (DBP) – 85, 92.5, 100, 107.5 and 115 % of recommendations
• Parameters measured – Body weight – Feed intake– Carcass yield (breast, wings, legs)
• Statistical analysis– Data were analyzed as a four way factorial using the
MIXED procedure of SAS (2003)
Materials and Methods
Hypothesis
• High energy diets increase deposition as fat• High protein diets increase lean meat• Decrease dietary protein reduce yield• Decrease dietary protein increase feed intake
Results
Effect of Early Nutrition on BW
0.00.20.40.60.81.01.21.41.61.82.02.22.42.62.83.03.23.43.63.84.0
0 7 11 14 21 28 36 42 49 56Age (days)
BW
(kg
)
2.50
2.60
2.70
2.80
BW (k
g)
High Low
Prestarter
PS Level P<0.0001
2.3
2.5
2.7
94.0% 97.0% 100.0%
Energy (% of recommended)
BW
(kg
)
P=0.40
Effect of ME on 42 d BW
2.3
2.5
2.7
85.0% 92.5% 100.0% 107.5% 115.0%
Protein (% of recommended)
BW
(kg
)
P=0.0005
b
a a a
b
Effect of DBP on 42 d BW
2.3
2.5
2.7
2.9
Males Females
Sex
BW
(kg
)
P<0.0001
a
b
BW (42 d)
Body Weight (42 d)
2.3
2.5
2.7
2.9
3.1
BW
(kg
)
94%
97%
100%
85.0
%
92.5
%
100.
0%
107.
5%
115.
0%
DBP*ME*Sex P=0.003ME*Sex P=0.025
DBP*Sex P=0.0003
Males
Females
Protein (% of recommended)
En
erg
y (%
of
reco
mm
end
ed)
Feed Intake (0 - 42 d)
100.0
2100.0
4100.0
6100.0
85.0% 92.5% 100.0% 107.5% 115.0%
Protein (% of recommended)
Fee
d (
g)
bab a
bab
P=0.04
Effect of Energy on Feed Intake
100
2100
4100
6100
94.0% 97.0% 100.0%
Energy (% of recommended)
Fee
d (
g)
P=0.17
Effect of Sex on Feed Intake to 42 d
100.0
2100.0
4100.0
6100.0
Males Females
Sex
Fee
d (
g)
ab
P<0.0001
Feed Intake
100
2100
4100
6100
Fee
d (
g)
94%
97%
100%
85.0
%
92.5
%
100.
0%
107.
5%
115.
0%
Males
Females
DBP*ME*Sex P=0.027ME*Sex P=0.849DBP*Sex P=0.014Protein (% of recommended)
En
erg
y (%
of
reco
mm
end
ed)
Feed Conversion Ratio (11 to 42d)
2.061 a1.915 b
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
Females MalesSex
FC
R
Sex P<0.0001
Feed Conversion Ratio (11 to 42d)
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
85.0% 92.5% 100.0% 107.5% 115.0%
FC
R
MalesFemales
Sex*DBP P<0.0650Protein (% of recommended)
bcd abc a ab abcd
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
85.0% 92.5% 100.0% 107.5% 115.0%
Protein (% of recommended)
Wei
ght (
g)
Evis-BW P=0.0076Wings P<0.0001Breast P<0.0001
Effect of Dietary Balance Protein on Carcass Yield
Other
Wings
Legs
Breasta
ab ac
bc
bc bc
ab a
ab
bc c
ac
EBW
bc
460
470
480
490
500
510
85.0% 92.5% 100.0% 107.5% 115.0%
Protein (% of recommended)
Wei
gh
t (g
)
a
ab
P<0.0001
Breast Yield
a
bc
c
Carcass Yield
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
94.0% 97.0% 100.0%
Energy (% of recommended)
Wei
ght (
g)
a
ab b a
ab b
Wings P=0.0860Breast P=0.0811
Other
Wings
Legs
Breast
Carcass Yield
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
Females Males
Sex
Wei
gh
t (g
)
Evis-BW P<0.0001Wings P=0.0018Breast P=0.0759
b
a
ab
Ev-BW
WingsLegs
Breast
Other
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
High Low
Prestarter
Wei
gh
t (g
)
Evis-BW P=0.0118Wings P=0.0748Breast P=0.9251
Effect of Prestarter on Carcass Yield
a b EBW
Wings
Legs
Breast
Feed Intake to 11 d
341 337335 326
0
100
200
300
400
High LowPrestarter
Fee
d (
g/b
ird
)
Males
Females
PS P=0.14Sex P=0.09
PS*Sex P=0.66
Nutrient Intakes to 11 d
0
20
40
60
80
100
High Low
Prestarter
Pro
tein
in
take
(g
)
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
En
erg
y In
take
(kc
al)
CPME
ab
ab
CP ME
PS <.0001 0.0002Sex 0.0879 0.0882PS*Sex 0.6661 0.6586
Conclusions
• High prestarter increased BW at 42 days – 2.73 vs 2.66 kg
• Breast yield increased with increasing DBP – 1 g of breast meat for every 1.5% increase in DBP
• Males were more efficient than females– 1.91 vs 2.06 FCR
Future Research
• Maximize carcass value• Predict performance under different nutritional
regimes
Acknowledgments
• Alberta Livestock Industry Development Fund• Agriculture and Food Council• Poultry Industry Council• University of Alberta• Alberta Agriculture and Food• Cobb-Vantress• Alberta Chicken Producers• Maple Leaf