heritage investigations heritage survey of the … · 2018-02-07 · heritage investigations...

HERITAGE INVESTIGATIONS

HERITAGE SURVEY OF THE MURRAY RIVERLANDS

(REGION 5- SOUTH AUSTRALIA)

PART TWO

15. UNINCORPORATED AREA

ITEM IDENTIFICATION SHEETS

Prepared for the Heritage Conservation Branch of the Department of Environment and Planning by John Dallwitz and Susan Marsden of Heritage Investigations, assisted by Peter Donovan of Donovan and Associates. Adelaide 1984.

Funded under the National Estate Financial Assistance Programme 1982/83 and

1983/84.

South Australian Heritage Act 1978-80

HERITAGE SURVEY ITEM IDENTIFICATION SHEET

ITE!-1 NAME : Gerard Reserve Settlement

Former or other

HERITAGE SIGNIFICANCE

This mission was established in 1945, in what, during the war, had been used as an Alien woodcutters Camp. Many of the first buildings used in the expe,nded camp were relocated from the wartime internment camps which were located in the area. The Settlement is noteworthy because of these associations, but more particularly as a modern r=>Yr:~mr1 of European missionary endeavour. The Settlement \'las a successor to an earlier one at Swan Reach and another at Ooldea in northern South Australia.

REFERENCES

United Aborigines' Mission, God Cares for the Aborigines Woolmer, The Barmera Story . . • .. pp .. 72

Verbal Archival photographs

PHOTOGRAPH Direction of view

Film No .. Negative No.

PROJECT HERITAGE SURVEY REGION

Item Ref .. No. 4

Office Use ITEM No. DOCKET No.

LOCATION Address

Town l?ostcode Section 72 Hundred County

Katarapko

L.G.A. Unincorporatec S .H .P. Region 5 A.M.G. Ref. 6929-II 54 45180 619590

SUBJECT

1.4 3.4

PERIOD State

Study Area

1941-present

TYPE OF ITEI-1 LAND Natural feature C

Historical site CC Historical Gdn.

BUILDING 0[ STRUCTURE (: PHYSICAL CONDITION

STATUS Reg. of State Her. Item

Reg. D Interim L C Nominated D

National Estate Reg .. 0 Proposed L C

National Trust CL D RL r:::J FileC

Other

RECOMMENDATION

(A) StateUO (B) LocalD PREPARED BY HERITAGE INVESTIGATIONS

Date: 1983


HERITAGE SURVEY

ITEM IDENTIFICATION SHEET

ITEM NAME: Stony Pinch Tank and Old

Former or other Coach Road


This tank is significant because of its identification with the old coach road between Morgan and Wentworth. It is the most tangible of the relics of this important transport relic. This section of the track was blazed by Harry Brand in 1879 to upgrade the overland communications between South Australia and New South Wales, via Morgan and Wentworth. It 1t1as built at a time before there was European settlement along the Upper Murray. This part of the track was part of a long stage between Overland Corner and Ral Ral, and there are many stories of distress and death suffered by travellers along this road. Thus, the associated tank is of particular The track is also because of its association with William Brand, who was an important in the region, and for several years, the licensee of Overland Corner Hotel, which marked one end. The track became obsole-te with the closer set-tlement near the river immediately to the south.

REFERENCES

Verbal George Woolmer & Howard Martin, 1983 Archival photographs

PHOTOGRAPH Film No. 765 Negative No. 4 Direction of view to w (at AMG Ref. 7029-IV 46820 622530)

PROJgCT HERITAGE SURVEY REGION

Item Ref. No.

Office Use ITEM No .. DOCKET No.

LOCAT.ION Address

Town Postcode

6

Section Pas Bk 1003 Hundred Out of Hundreds County L .G .A. Unincorporated S .H .P. Region 5 A.M.G. Ref. 7029-IV 54 46150 622490

SUBJECT

4.7

PERIOD State

Study Area

1853-1880

TYPE OF ITEf-1 LAND Natural feature

Historical site Historical Gdn ..

BUILDING STRUCTURE PHYSICAL CONDITION

STATUS

c E c (LJ

Reg. of State Her. Items Reg. D Interim L C Nominated 0

National Estate Reg. D Proposed L C:

National Trust CL D RL CJ FileD

Other

RECOMMENDATION

(A} StateOO (B) LocalCJ PREPARED BY HERITAGE INVESTIGATIONS

Date: 1983


South Australian Heritage Act 1978-80 ITEM NAME: Spring Cart Gully Sandstone

Former or other Quarry


Thi-s site is significant because it was one of the most important quarries for building stone in the Upper Murray Indeed in the 1920s, it was the only quarry providing suitable building material between Renmark and Murray Bridge. Because of this it provided the material for several significant buildings in the Murray Region, particularly in Renmark and Berri including the Renmark

Trust Office, the Renmark Uniting Church and the Old Berri Police Station.

REFERENCES

Young, 11 Stone of the (Appendix C, General Report)



Film No.

Valley"

Negative No.

P~OJ:t:!CT HERITAGE SURVEY REGION

Item Ref. No. 7


LOCATION Address

Town Postcode Section 166, 386 Hundred Out of Hundre County L .G .A. Unincorporate s .H .. P. Region 5 A.M.G. Ref. 7029-IV

54 46710 621110

SUBJECT

4.2

PERIOD State

Study Area

1881-1905

TYPE OF ITEN LAND Natural feature C:

Historical site C: Historical Gdn. C:

BUILDING C: STRUCTURE [] PHYSICAL CONDITION

STATUS Reg. of State Her. Iterr

Reg. D Interim L [ Nominated 0

National Estate Reg • D Proposed L [

National Trust CL D RL P File[

Other

RECOMMENDATION

(A) State I][] (B) Localt::J PREPARED BY HERITAGE INVESTIGATIONS

Date: 1984

·,....; ,....; ..

r-------.....--·-----------'-A"'~'~----"'--"1-----------PROJECT HERITAGE South

Australian Heritage Act 1978-80


ITEt-1 NAME : ncalperum11 Homestead

Former or other


This homestead is significant largely because of its solid, and original construction. It has few architectural features, and this exemplifies the manner of pastoral settlement in the region. The station was earlier known as Bookmark, and was taken up by Richard Holland and by his sons, Robert and John Robertson. The station was divided into Calperum and Chowilla Stations in 1896. In the early 20th Century Calperum still 11 nearly half a million acres, with a river frontage of nearly 40 miles". The present stone homestead replaced the original pug and pine construction probably in the 1870s when more permanent land tenure was obtained.

REFERENCES

Gem Navigation Co., "The Murray River (quote)

It p. 16

Verbal John & Hazel Chappel, Joe Mack, 1983

Archival photographs

PHOTOGRAPH Film No. 802 Negative No. 7

HERITAGE SURVEY REGION

Item Ref. No. 8


LOCA'.CION Address

Town Post code Section Pas Bk 989 Hundred Out of Hundred: County L.G.A. Unincorporated S.H.P. Region 5 A.M.G. Ref. 7029-IV

54 46970 621080

SUBJECT

4.1

PERIOD State

Study Area 1853-1880

TYPE OF ITEM LAND Natural feature C:

Historical site C: Historical Gdn. C:

BUILDING Ul STRUCTURE C: PHYSICAL CONDITION

STATUS Reg. of State Her. Item:

Reg. D Interim L C Nominated 0

National Estate Reg .. D Proposed L C

National Trust CL D RL t=J FileC

Other

RECOMMENDATION

{A) State 00 {B) LocalD PREPARED BY HERITAGE INVESTIGATIONS

Date: 1983

South Australian Heritage Act 1978-SO

HERITAGE SURVEY

ITEM IDENTIFICATION

ITEM NAME: Rankin Grave

Former or other


SHEET

This remote and isolated grave is part of the early Bookmark Station. It is of heritage significance largely because the manner in which it exemplifies the tribulations the early settlers of the region. The identity of the person buried here is in dispute, but there is no that others thought highly of him or her to go lengths ·to protect the grave as is indicated wrought iron fencing. Although the brass v..ras removed in c .1955 it is belie·v·ed to be ·the grave of Margaret Rankin, wife of the Bookmark overseer. She died as a result of intestinal trouble in September 1863 at the age of 41 years.

REFERENCES

Verbal Archival

Howard Martin, 1983; otographs


Film No ..

Joe Mack, 1984

802 Negative No. 8

P~OJECT HERITAGE SURVEY REGION

Item Ref. No. 9

Office Use ITE~1 No. DOCKET No.

LOCATION Address

Town Postcode

Calperum Station

Section Pas Bk 989 Hundred Out of Hundred County L.G.A. Unincorporated S .H .P .. Region 5 A.M.G. Ref. 7029-IV ...

54 47090 621020

SUBJECT

1.4

PERIOD State

Study Area

1853-1880

TYPE OF ITEM LAND Natural feature

Historical site Historical Gdn ..


STATUS

c c c c Q

Reg .. of State Her. Iteml Reg.O InterimLC Nominated 0

National Estate Reg., D Proposed L C

National Trust CL 0 RL CJ File C:

Other

RECOMMENDATION

(A) StatelXJ LocalCJ PREPARED BY


Date: 1983


HERITAGE SURVEY


ITEM NAME: Sturt's tree

Former or other

HERITAGE SIGNIFICANCE This blazed tree is a massive old dead red gum on the north bank of the river on the Chowilla run. The inscription SME20 is clearly visible from the river and is believed to "Sturt's Murrumbidgee Expedition Twentieth Day". The location of the tree is consistent with the expendition's approximate position on the twentieth day of the famous boat journey which commenced on January ?·th, 1830.

The item is because of its long region 1 demon

after bark was removed for the purposes a canoe and then in 1830, the blaze of Sturt. Sturt's blaze makes this a very significant relic European heritage, because it \vas Sturt's journey down the Murray which established his reputation as an The close association of the two sets of unique.

REFERENCES 11 The River Murray, Discovery and Exploration by Captain Charles Sturt, 1829-1830 11 (Annotated map prepared by Dept. of Lands to commemorate the centenary of his expedition)

Verbal Lawrie Bailey, 1983 Archival photographs

PHOTOGRAPH Film No. 816 Negative No.. 7 Direction of vie\<1 to N


Item Ref. No. 12

Office Use ITEl-1 No. DOCKET No.

LOCATION Little Hunchee Address Island

Chowilla Town Station Postcode Section 17 Hundred Out of Hundred! County L.G.A. Unincorporated S .H .P. Region 5 A.M.G. Ref. 7029-I 54 48440 623330

SUBJECT

1.2

PERIOD State

Study Area

1830-1852

TYPE OF ITEl-1 LAND Natural feature ~

Historical site [[: Historical Gdn. C::

BUILDING C STRUCTURE C:: PHYSICAL CONDITION

STATUS Reg. of State Her. Items

Reg. D Interim L. C Nominated D

National Estate Reg. D Proposed L C

National Trust CL D RL 0 FileD

RECOMMENDATION

StateOD (B LocalD PARED BY


1983

SURVEY REGION 5

Item Ref. No. 12a

Unincorporated

816 No. 9 of view to N

816 No. 10

view to NE

816 No. 6

view to s

PRO .. JECT

HERITA.GE SURVEY REGION 5

Item Ref. No. 12b

Unincorporated

Film No. 816 Negative No. 14 Direction of view to N

Photograph: Advertiser, 20 December 1970, p~2 view to N



ITEM NAME:

Former or other


nchowilla 11 Homestead Complex

This is one of the major pastoral complexes of the Upper Murray and is of considerable heritage significance because of this. It was originally part of the Bookmark Station which was taken up by Richard Holland and managed by his step sons, Robert and John Robertson. The station was divided into Calperum and Chowilla Stations in 1896. The homestead is the centre of an extensive complex though it is a significant item itself. It is believed to have been built c1878. It is of particular interest because of its solid construction of a stone which is not common to the area. The homestead remains in good condition and appears to have retained its original integrity.

The nearby pug and pine outbuilding is believed to have been one of three huts built at Chovlilla in 1863 by Sheep Inspector H.S. Glenie and is thus one of the oldest surviving structures in the upper Riverlands.

REFERENCES National Trust 630 Whitworth,

Verbal John and Hazel Archival photographs


Film No. 765 to W

Negative No. 6


Item Ref. No. 13

Office Use ITEM No. DOCKET No ..

LOCATION Address

Town via Renmark Postcode Section 17

Out of Hundre Hundred County L.G.A. Unincorporate S .H .P. Region 5 A.M.G. Ref. 7029 _1 54 48490 623500

SUBJECT 4.1 4.10

PERIOD State


TYPE OF ITE~1

LAND Natural feature C: Historical site C: Historical Gdn. C:

BUILDING Ul STRUCTURE C: PHYSICAL CONDITION

STATUS Reg. of state Her. Item

Reg. 0 Interim L C Nominated D


National Trust CL 0 RL [iJ File C

Other

RECOMMENDATION

(A} StateGJ (B) LocalCJ PREPARED BY


Date: 1983


Item Ref. No. 13a

Unincorporated

765 No. 7

view to N

765 No. 8

to E

Film No. Negative No. Direction of view



ITEM NAME: nchowilla" Woolshed & Quarter

Former or other


These are fine items in themselves because of the method and mode of construction, but are also significant because of their association with Chowilla Station, which is one of the major pastoral complexes of the Upper Murray. The items are generally of native pine and galvanised iron, and are excellent vernacular buildings. The complex remains in good original condition.

An item of additional interest is the old on the river side of the woolshed. This gate was rebuilt using the original hand-made fittings of the original Border Gate of the coach road to New South Wales (see item no. 27) •

REFERENCES

Verbal John and Hazel Chappel, 1983; Joe Mack, 1984 Archival photographs


Film No ..

to SE 765 Negative No. 13


Item Ref. No ..


LOCATION

14

Address Chowilla Static

Town Postcode Section 17 Hundred Out of Hundred~ County L .G .A. Unincorporat.ed S .H.P. Region 5 A.M.G. Ref. 7029-I

54 48 560 623570

SUBJECT

4.1 4.10

PERIOD State

Study Area 1853-1880 1906-1940

TYPE OF ITE.l\1 LAND Natural feature C

Historical site C Historical Gdn. C

BUILDING G[: STRUCTURE C: PHYSICAL CONDITION

STATUS Reg. of State Her. Item~

Reg .. D Interim L. C Nominated 0


National Trust CL D RL [:] File C

Other

RECOMMENDATION

{A) State[][] (B) LocalO PREPARED BY HERITAGE INVESTIGATIONS

Date: 1983


Item Ref. No. 14a

Unincorporated

of view

765

765 12

765 Negative No. 10

sw

Direction of view to SW (Quarters)


HERITAGE SURVEY


ITEl-1 NM1E: Lock 6

Former or other simpson Newland Lock


Construction of Lock 6 was commenced in 1927 and completed in 1930. It is one of the six Locks which were built on the River Murray in South Australia. It is significant because of its identification with the immense scheme for locking the Murray which \'las agreed upon by the Commonv-1eal th Government and the State Governments of New South Wales, Victoria and South Australia in September 1914. This in turn reflects the concern of the South Australian government to harness the State's scarce water resources and to promote irrigation schemes along the rv1urray. This was part of scheme whicJ:1 also included works on the and Rivers.

REFERENCES

E & ~vs Dept.,



and Weir No. 6 ••••.••

E & WS Dept.,

Film No. 816 SE

Negative No. 4

PROJ']!:CT HERITAGE SURVEY REGION

Item Ref. No.


LOCATION

,16

Address Chowilla Islan

Town Postcode Section 165 Hundred Out of Hundreds County L.G.A. Unincorporated S. H. P. Reg ion 5 A.M.G. Ref. 7030-II

54 48940 623810

SUBJECT

4.9 4.10

PERIOD State


TYPE OF ITE~1

LAND Natural feature C: Historical site C: Historical Gdn. C:

BUILDING C: STRUCTURE 0[ PHYSICAL CONDITION

STATUS Reg. of State Her. Item~

Reg. 0 Interim L. C Nomina ted D

National Estate Reg. D Proposed L C:

National Trust CL 0 RL r:J FileC

Other

RECOMMENDATION

{A) State CXl (B) Loca10 PREPARED BY

HERITAGE INVESTIGl-1.TIONS

Date: 1983


HERITAGE SURVEY


ITEM NAME: "Suicide Bridge 11

Former or other nLunatic Bridge"


The old coach route to t~entworth in NSW cut through desolate country to the north of the Murray Valley and was in use until the early twentieth century. "Suicide Bridge 11 is one of the few surviving structures associated with that adventurous coaching era. Its curious names probably relate to the terrifying night coach crossings during storms or floods.

This item is a highly significant vernacular structure. It is made of native pine wi·th split eucalyptus decking. Nearby to the east are the remains of old telegraph posts which were once of the overland telegraph between South Australia and New South Wales. To the west is an example of timber roadside fencing.

REFERENCES

Verbal Joe Mack, 1984 Archival photographs

PHOTOGRAPH Film No. 765 Negative No. 15 Direction of view to SW


Item Ref. No. 23


LOCATION Address

Town Postcode Section 17 Hundred Out of Hund! County L.G.A. Unincorporated s .H .P. Region 5 A.M.G. Ref. 7030-II

54 49510 624960

SUBJECT

4.7 4 .. 10

PERIOD State

Study Area

1853-1880

TYPE OF ITEr.l LAND Natural feature [

Historical site ,[[ Historical Gdn.

BUILDING [ STRUCTURE ([ PHYSICAL CONDITION

STATUS Reg. of State Her. Item

Reg. D Interim L. [ Nominated D


National Trust CL 0 RL Q File[

Other

RECOMHENDATION

(A) StateCXJ {B) LocalO PREPARED BY HERITAGE INVESTIGATIONS

Date: 1983

PROJECT


Item Ref. No. 23a

L.G.A.

Unincorporated

765 No. 14

view to w

766 No. 1 of view to SE

No. 766

2 of vie'lfl to W


HERITAGE SURVEY

ITEM IDENTIFICATION

ITEH NAME: Border Cairn

Former or other


SHEET

This item is significant because of its function in indicating the position of the South Australian/New South Wales border, but also because of its historical associations and the nature of its determination. The cairn was placed on the site in 1868, after Charles Todd the government astronomer, and Postmaster General had established a temporary te.legraph station nearby and determined the site by means of star signtings which were synchronised by telegraph with sightings at the Sydney and Me'lbourne observatories. The brick cairn was originally 13 1 6" high. Its location was checked again in 1911 at the time of the border dispute between Victoria and South Australia, by which time the cairn was only 8' high. The names of this party are inscribed in slate on what is now the top of the cairn.

The. structure is of red brick and part of the original inscriptions reading "PROVINCE BOUNDARY" can still be seen in the decaying concrete render.

REFERENCES

Private research notes prepared by the late Mr. H.W. King, M.P. and supplied by Mrs. King.

Verbal Mrs. H.W. King; Joe Mack, 1984 Archival photographs


Film No.

to E

766 Negative No. 8

PROJECT HERITAGE SURVEY REGIO:

Item Ref. No. 25

Office Use ITEM No. DOCKET No ..

LCCATION Address NSW Border

Town Lake Littra Post code Section 17 Hundred Out of Hundre County L.G.A. Unincorporate S .. H .P. Region 5 A.M.G. Ref.. 7030-II 54 49980 624560

SUBJECT

1.3 2.1 3.2 4.10

PERIOD State

Study Area

1853-1880

TYPE OF ITE.t-1 LAND Natural feature [

Historical site .[ Historical Gdn. [

BUILDING [ STRUCTURE ~ PHYSICAL CONDITION

STATUS Reg. of State Her~ Item

Reg. D Interim L. C Nominated D

National Estate Reg. D Proposed L. L

National Trust CL D RL 0 FileC

Other

RECOMMENDATION

State[]] Localc:J PREPARED BY


1983

PRO,JECT HERITAGE SURVEY

Item Ref. No. 25a

L.G.A. Unincorporated

Film No. 766 Negative No. 10 Direction of view to S\

766 7

to SW

766 No. 9

view to N


HERITAGE SURVEY

ITEM IDENTIFICATION

ITEM NAME: Border Gateway Former or other


SHEET.

This gateway is one of the few structures surv1.v1.ng from the old coach route to Wentworth. Although the original gate itself was removed and reconstructed at Chowilla woolshed (see item no. 14), the remaining relics and the site itself is of considerable historical and archeological significance as an early crossing point on the South Australia-New South Wales border.

REFERENCES

Verbal Joe Mack, 1984 Archival photographs

PHOTOGRAPH Private Collection Joe Mack, waikerie

PROJECT HERITAGE SURVEY REGIOt

Item Ref. No. 27


LOCATION Address NSW Border

Town Postcode

Lake Littra

Section 17 Hundred Out of Hundred County L.G.A. Unincorporated S.H.P. Region 5 A.M.G. Ref. 7030-II 54 49970 624420

SUBJECT

1.3 4.7

PERIOD State

Study Area

1853-1880

TYPE OF ITEt-1 LAND Natural feature [

Historical site.[ Historical Gdn. [

BUILDING ( STRUCTURE C PHYSICAL CONDITION

STATUS Reg. of State Her. It~

Reg .. D Interim L. [ Nominated 0

National Estate Reg. D Proposed L [

National Trust CL D RL t:J File [

Other

RECOMMENDATION

(A) State(][} LocalO PREPARED BY HERITAGE INVESTIGATION:

Date: 1984

HERITAGE SURVEY

ITEM IDENTIFIC ION SHEET South Australian Heritage Act 1978-80 ITEM NAME: Sheep Inspector's House Ruin

Former or other and Graveyard


This item is very significant because of its association tvi th the main overland route between South Australia and New South Wales. It was built in 1871 by w. Knowles and was firstly as a station for the inspection of sheep being overlanded into South Australia. Subsequently it was also used as a customs house. It highlights the separate nature of the colonies prior to Federation, before there was free trade. The Inspection Station is one of a number of public and government buildings which were functionally associated with the overland route.

The substantial limestone and pug walls are important vernacular relics but have deteriorated badly since the 1956 flood.

To .the south-west of the house is the site of an early graveyard, most relics of which were also removed by that flood. The graves are believed to include those of a police constable, and his v-life and children tvho died of

REFERENCES

Verbal George Woolmer, 1983, Joe Mack, 1984 Archival photographs


Film No. to w

766 Negative No .. 4


Item Ref. No.

Office Use ITEM No .. DOCKET No.

26

LOCATION Address Lake Littra

Town Postcode Section 17 Hundred Out of Hundrec County L.G.A. Unincorporatec S.H.P. Region 5 A.M.G. Ref. 7030-II

54 49960 624420

SUBJECT

2.2 3.2 4.10

PERIOD State

Study Area

1853-1880

TYPE OF ITEH LAND Natural feature C:

Historical site Historical Gdn.


STATUS

c c m: c

Reg. of State Her. Item Reg. D Interim L C Nominated D

National Estate Reg .. 0 Proposed L. C

National Trust CL D RL r::J File C

Other

RECOMMENDATION

) LocalO

INVESTIGATIONS

1983

SURVEY REGION

Item Ref. No. 26a

Unincorporated

766 No. 3

view to S

Film No. 766 Negative No. 5 Direction of view to E

Film No. 766 Negative No 6 Direction of view to N

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