I was supposed to give this presentation face to face but As you may

know, my visa hasn’t been issued until now.

Since last Thursday, we have been waiting for VISA to be issued. This is

the second time after TICAD in August and I or we still don’t know the

reason and what is going on behind.

Not only me, but the Japanese CSs are disappointed by this situation.

But we shall carry on our triangular “luta” and solidarity hand in hand

with our Mozambican and Brazilian comorades.

Today Im going to look into “ProSAVANA as agriculture initiative under

Nacala Corridor Development, based on the analysis of PEDEC-Nacala”.

I would like to make this presentation especially for peasants from the

corridor regions to see and understand what is going on in the area and

why, under which context.

yet me move forward to my presentation because time is very limited.

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Here is the structure of my presentation.

PEDEC-Nacala stands for the project for Nacala Corridor Economic

Development Strategy.

This project is agreed only between Mozambikue and Japan, not with

Brazil.

I am going to talk about

• Relevance between PEDEC-Nacala and ProSAVANA

• Analysis of PEDEC-Nacala Master Plan (agriculture part)

• ProSAVANA Master Plan (a bit)

• And Conclusion

And only if I have time I am going to talk about the researches which I’d

done with UPC-N, and district Unions, and CSOs for last few years

because what we saw there is related to or part of PEDEC-Nacala.

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First, relevance between PEDEC-Nacala and ProSAVANA.

ProSAVANA is triangular cooperation for agriculture development

among Mozambikue, Brazil and Japan. Its Master plan’s official name is

“Support of Agriculture development master plan for Nacala Corridor”.

So you can already see the relation of ProSAVANA and PEDEC-Nacala

from the title.

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Here is the process sheet attached to TOR for the consultant to produce

Master plan for PEDEC Nacala.

This was prepared in December 2011.

Above side shows the schedule and Process sheet of PEDEC from

January 2012-Dec 2013 and bottom side you can see the schedule of

ProSAVANA and also projects related to infrastructure which are part of

Nacala corridor development.

So both PEDEC and prosavana were supposed to be proceeded hand in

hand in the same period. But as you know ProSAVANA Masterplan,

which was supposed to be produced till 2013, has not yet been

completed because of our struggle.

Anyway you can see the relevance of the programmes from this time line

as well.

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You can also see the relevance from TOR for consultants on PEDEC-

Nacala.

It talks about the linkage between PEDEC and projects in the other

sectors targeting Nacala Economic Corridor, and

it says that PEDEC-Nacala should be carried out carefully to avoid

discrepancy between the other projects such as ProSAVANA.

5

This is the map of Northern part of Mozambikue.

PEDEC-Nacala is targeting five provinces, Nampula, Cabo Delgado,

Niassa, Tete and Zambezia

You can see Nacala Corridor with purple line in the map.

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And this is the target areas of ProSAVANA, which are three provinces

Nampula, Niassa and Zambezia.

So the target regions of PEDEC-Nacala and Prosavana are overlapping

each other.

So both are also geologically overlapping.

And about this, Japanese MOFA said agricultural strategy of PEDEC is

covering much larger area than the one of ProSAVANA. In this point,

ProSAVANA Master Plan is supposed to be interfaced or harmonized

with PEDEC-Nacala Master Plan and he understands Mozambican

government takes responsibility for this part.’

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So now let’s look in to the report of PEDEC-Nacala.

There are three types of reports for PEDEC Nacala.

One is Main text.

Another one is Analysis Report: Strategic Master Plan on

Strengthening of Nacala Corridor Region-Wide Freight Network for Agricultural and Mining Sectors.

Today I am mainly talk about this.

And the other is analysis report about Gas related sectors.

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First, here is the info from Main text just to see outline of PEDEC-Nacala

roughly.

Objective of PEDEC Nacala is to formulate development strategies to

guide appropriate development and investment in the Nacala Corridor .

So development and investment, are the main targets.

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And here are the seven strategies to guide those development and

investment.

<Click>

You can see agriculture is one of them, No. 3.

And what kind of agriculture are they talking about under the project.

We see from the next.

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Here it is.

PEDEC Nacala sets the promotion of Sustainable Agricultural

Development as the strategy. And small scale farmers are part of it. It

also promote utilization of the private sector’s fund to assist small scale

farmers.

And it says protection of the rights of small scale farmers and

communities are necessary for development.

But Here I just want to mention one thing. When you say sustainable

agriculture, first I thought it will be more about sustainable of

environment and so it is more about how you can keep utilizing

resources you have, conserving environment like peasants in

Mozambikue are already doing. But I found out it’s kind of the opposite

here. It talks more about economically sustainable and so small scale

farmers are portrayed to be changed to be “sustainable”. And in

ProSAVANA MP you find the same expression.

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So I’ll move forward to Strategic Master Plan on Strengthening of

Nacala Corridor Region-Wide Freight Network for Agricultural and Mining Sectors.

As you see from the title, Objective of this report is to show How a region-wide freight network, influstructure would be established and strengthened.And then What kinds of private business chances would be available for agriculture, and the other sector.

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The report talks about the driving forces for the development in the

region and from the report you can see…..

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…here it is. This is the image or concept of what the report draws. You

can see network and business sector..

So idea is you develop industrial business such as coal mine, tree

plantation, gas and oil exploration and agribusiness, and at the same

time transport and logistics. You can see where those products go. Via

port road and railway it goes somewhere else from you live. It’s more

export oriented model. It’s a value chain.

And how does this model function?

As we saw now This report is focusing on the development through the

strengthening transport section and also industrial sectors

<Click>

To make it work, you need international market and private sector

investment.

And these sectors support each other like win win relationship.

<click>

For example, if it’s renovated, Railway and road can offer good transport

with low cost for industrial sectors and then the industrial sectors can

boost their business and call more investment.

And then they will be able to support transport function with sustainably

creating enough cargo so that transport sector can call more investment

for renovation and maintenance. And when this circle goes well it gives

more business opportunities for investors or private sector investment.

And as the exit of production you need the big market, which is

international market.

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<click>

And it brings regional development. It will make a city growing and

then you need water and electricity development and this

infrastructure calls more business.

<click>

So, in this development circle, Agriculture and regional development

are recognized as the ones to create more and more production to

maintain this circle. This is the idea.

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Therefore corridor is not only passing Along the main road but it goes to

deep in rural area. You can see arrow with dotted lines going to the

region around lurio river, northern part of Niassa and Cabo Delgado.

This map is spatial structure for the region in 2035.

So everywhere is connected to the value chain.

<click>

It’s the same thing, regional development is expected stainably create

enough cargo to maintain transport corridors.

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Under this development model, what and how are peasants in the

region expected to be?

For example, in the chapter 6 which talks about Development potential,

it is said that,

the Nacala Corridor Region has potential to develop responsible

commercial agriculture with a win-win relationship with local small

agriculturalists.

Or…

…food crops like maize, cassava, beans and peas offer “promising

prospects. “ And soy and the other cash crops are described as

“promising cash crops”.

From here you can see what this model expects local small agriculturalist

to be.

Market oriented type of agriculture is premised even with SSF.

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Anyway what you can see from the report is,

• “Corridor Development Model” is strongly connected with private

sector investment and international value chain. And this means any

industry including agriculture is supposed to be export oriented

• Therefore, Regional Development and agriculture are portrayed as

supplier for cargo to maintain the model. And that’s why farmers

need to increase their production for the market.

• In another words, Potential of Small Scale farmers is described only

as a part of commercial agriculture.

• Food crops described as “offering promising prospects”

• = food as commodity to sell

• No description about the significance of self-sufficiency

<=Possible only if “responsible investment” and “responsible

governance on land” work properly

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Now what can you see ProSAVANA based on the analysis of PEDEC-

Nacala?

First let me briefly look into the reviced master plan which was disclosed

in English in Nov, 2016.

So here also you can see the title of Agricultural development master

plan for the nacala corridor.

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First some changes from the previous master plan.

Putting high position on family farmers,

For example it says Family farmers –

- have been producing sufficient food staples while maintaining the

preservation of natural resources

- would figure prominently in attaining food security for Mozambikue.

- they are the key to development.

And also mentioning the importance of sovereignty.

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However, they are likely to remain just as ‘writing’.

So remaining points from the previous MP.

- necessity of transformation of current farming systems and mind-set

of family farmers

- Provide opportunities to change from subsistence agriculture to

sustainable agriculture

And they even say family farming is classified as Family-based

Agricultural Exploitation, saying labor force is provided by the farmer

household without payment.

So The direction of development suggested by MP is based on

transformation approach.

And this scope is consistent since the previous master plan. And If MP

does not change this biased scope, major change of MP, that is ‘family

farmers first’, will remain as only superficial writing.

basic framework of MP still shows the willing not to know the real world

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of family farmers or not to learn seriously from their activities.

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And also Public and private partnership is considered as major way to

achieve the objective the MP, not as one of the driving forces.

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**Read all the points.

**and add the following -

And also you saw that now ProSAVANA also still think that Public and

private partnership is considered as major way to achieve the objective

the MP, not as one of the driving forces whether it talks about family

faming or not, it doesn’t change.

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** Read the four points.

** Then add,

Our government says that ProSAVANA doesn’t take away your land but

what about Nacala corridor development? What has been going on

around Nacala railway is under Nacala corridor development and also

some of you may remember our research along yurio river, that is also

related.

And from this analysis, It is obvious that under any type of development

programme or project, peasants are described as the objective to be

changed.

So where is sovereignty?

And it raises an important kuestion for us to ask ourselves “what is

sovereignty?”

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<Continued>• For example, the situation of each households are very different

according to the conditions such as; whether you have a transport(bike or bicycle)=>enable to choose a place/person to sell, whetheryou are self-sufficient or not=>enable to choose time to sell,whether you sell production as association/forum=>negotiable onprice to sell, etc.

• On the other hand, the intermediate distributor is the one whodecides the pice and peasants have to no choice but selling at verylow price.

• Thus peasants suffer more from “social structure” or “powerbalance” in their society.

What will happen to peasants if big international value chain isestablished in Nacala Corridor Region before this “social structure”problem is solved and more intermediate distributor (collectingproduction) come and they have more power??

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Thank you very much for your attention.

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