her story: a timeline of the women who changed america · her story: a timeline of the women who...
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Her Story: A Timeline of the Women Who Changed America
Her Story: A Timeline of the Women Who Changed America
REACH FOR THE STARS!
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Women have reached for the stars since our country was founded. Women have taught us about air and space. They have been astronomers, pilots, and astronauts. Some young girls followed their dreams. They reached for the stars in other ways. We learn about 8 women today. A book tells about them. The book is called Her Story: A Timeline of the Women Who Changed America. It talks about more than 850 women. Throughout U.S. history, women contributed in every area. In the sciences. In the arts. In sports. In politics. In business. In medicine. So it is no surprise that women are reaching for the stars! You can learn more. Your teacher will help you. [Note to teacher: A brief quiz that you can give your students prior to the rest of the presentation is provided in the Curriculum Guide, a word document also provided with this slide presentation.] Glossary: astronomer (ă·STRAW·na·mur): a person who studies the stars and other objects in space astronaut: (ass·tro·NOT): a person who travels into space
Her Story: A Timeline of the Women Who Changed America
1744
1777
1848 1921
1932
1940
1974
1990
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We start in 1744. Fourteen-year old Eliza Lucas Pinckney is featured in the year 1744. Sixteen-year old Sybil Ludington rode her horse in 1777. Astronomer Maria Mitchell is featured in 1848. Pilot Bessie Coleman flew in 1921. Pilot Amelia Earhart is shown in 1932. In 1940, at age 16, Judy Garland appeared in The Wizard of Oz. In 1974, when a pre-teen, Becky Schroeder got a patent. Electrical engineer Ellen Ochoa is an astronaut in 1990. [Note to teacher: If saying the eight names might be “boring” to your students, prepare a simple paper timeline showing the dates noted above. Have eight volunteers put the women’s names next to her year.]
Her Story: A Timeline of the Women Who Changed America
1744
Eliza Lucas Pinckney
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[1] ELIZA LUCAS PINCKNEY Eliza Lucas Pinckney lived over 250 years ago. She ran her father’s plantations. When she was 14, she figured out how to make blue dye from the indigo plant. Her process achieved success in 1744. For thirty years, the sale of the dye helps business in her state. Both her sons became leaders. One signed the U.S. Constitution. Another was governor of South Carolina. President George Washington attended her funeral. You’ll like her quote! She wrote: “I have the business of three plantations to transact. . . But least you should imagine it too burdensome to a girl at my early time of life . . . I assure you I think myself happy.” Glossary Plantation (plan·TAY·shun): A big house having large fields and crops growing in the fields Indigo (IN·dee·go): A plant that produces blue dye
Her Story: A Timeline of the Women Who Changed America
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Indigo is one of the colors of the rainbow. What are the other colors in the rainbow? [Note to teacher: try and elicit answer from students] [ROY G BIV – Red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet] Today, indigo is still used as a dye. It is used for food and clothing. It is also used in the medical testing of kidney functions. Optional assignment: List the types of clothing that use indigo for their color. Tell about where these clothes come from.
Her Story: A Timeline of the Women Who Changed America
1777
Sybil Lundington
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[2] SYBIL LUDINGTON Our American Revolutionary War had more than one Paul Revere. He warned that the British were coming. Sybil Ludington is called the “female Paul Revere”. She was 16 years old when she rode all night in heavy rain. No one caught her. She knocked on the doors of farms for 40 miles. She warned each house that the British are coming. Four hundred men came out to fight the British. General George Washington later called her brave. A statue of her was made. A stamp was issued that honored her.
Her Story: A Timeline of the Women Who Changed America
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You can alert people in many ways. One way is by riding a horse. Another is by sending up a flare. Martha Coston invented a flare. This flare was used in the Civil War. Optional assignment: Look up the ships called the Monitor and the Merrimac. Tell what war they fought in. Tell which ship fought on which side. Find out where their battle took place. Tell about the result of this battle.
Her Story: A Timeline of the Women Who Changed America
1848
Maria Mitchell
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[3] MARIA MITCHELL Maria Mitchell was a famous U.S. astronomer. Astronomers look for stars, planets and other things in the sky. They did not look at clouds. They did not look at airplanes. They used telescopes to make objects bigger. Because objects in space are far away, they look small. One of those objects is a comet. Maria Mitchell found a comet. Finding a comet was very special. She got a Gold Medal. The King of Denmark gave it to her. Glossary: comet (COM·mitt): An object in space with a head and a tail that orbits a sun telescope (TELL·ă·skope): A device that makes small objects far away appear to be bigger
Her Story: A Timeline of the Women Who Changed America
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Comets have been seen through history. Today we know more about them. We know their materials. We know about their center. We know how they orbit. Optional assignment: Select one comet. Find out when it was last seen. Tell about the materials in the comet. Tell about its orbit. Tell about what makes it special.
Her Story: A Timeline of the Women Who Changed America
1921
Bessie Coleman
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[4] BESSIE COLEMAN In the middle 1800s, astronomers named objects in the sky. Humans only dreamed of space travel. Airplanes had not yet been invented. People looked at birds. They said birds can fly, why can’t I? By the early 1900s, airplanes were invented. Both men and women wanted to fly. An early pilot was Bessie Coleman. She was flying in 1921. She got an international pilot’s license. She was the first U.S. woman to do this.
Her Story: A Timeline of the Women Who Changed America
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Pilots like Bessie Coleman helped us. She made it possible for us to fly across the country. Optional assignment Pick one airplane: SST, 737, 767, DC10, A319 Tell what it does. Tell what company built it. Tell how many people it carries. Tell how large its crew is. Tell how much it weighs. Tell how far it travels. Tell how much fuel it uses on a trip.
Her Story: A Timeline of the Women Who Changed America
1932
Amelia Earhart
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[5] AMELIA EARHART In 1932, Amelia Earhart is a pilot. She flew her plane by herself across the Atlantic Ocean.
Her Story: A Timeline of the Women Who Changed America
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Women didn’t fight in World War II. But they did serve as pilots. The Women Airforce Service Pilots flew planes. They helped us win the war. Optional assignment: Look up information on the Women Airforce Service Pilots. Tell about the kinds of flights they flew. Tell about their training. Tell about the number of women involved.
Her Story: A Timeline of the Women Who Changed America
1940
Judy Garland
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[6] JUDY GARLAND Judy Garland was in the movie The Wizard of Oz. She played Dorothy. She was 16. She began acting at age 6. She made her first movie at age 7. She got a special Academy Award for playing Dorothy. She was in more than 30 movies in her life. She also starred in 30 TV specials. How many of you have seen The Wizard of Oz?
Her Story: A Timeline of the Women Who Changed America
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A tornado happens in The Wizard of Oz. It is a very important moment in the movie. Optional assignment: Describe a tornado. Tell about the number scale for tornadoes. Tell about how to be safe when tornadoes are near.
Her Story: A Timeline of the Women Who Changed America
1974
Becky Schroeder
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[7] BECKY SCHROEDER In 1974, Becky Schroeder got a patent. She invented a writing board that lit up in the dark. She was about 12 years old. Her board was later called a Glo sheet. She was one of the youngest Americans to get a patent. Glossary Patent (PAT·int): A document that gives an inventor rights to an invention Invention (in·VEN·shun): An idea for a new product
Her Story: A Timeline of the Women Who Changed America
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Each patent has its own number. A number is assigned by the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. Optional assignment: Go to www.pat2pdf.org. Download one of these patents: 42958, 141987, 322177, 355139, or 1882030. Tell the name of the person on the patent. Tell what the name of the invention is. Tell the date when the patent was issued. Talk about what the device does.
Her Story: A Timeline of the Women Who Changed America
1990
Ellen Ochoa
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[8] ELLEN OCHOA In 1990, Ellen Ochoa was an astronaut. She was the first Hispanic woman astronaut. She is an electrical engineer.
Her Story: A Timeline of the Women Who Changed America
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The space shuttle is still flying. Astronauts on the shuttle do scientific tasks. Optional assignment: Go to the NASA web site. Select a shuttle mission. Tell about one task done during the mission.
Her Story: A Timeline of the Women Who Changed America
“Never doubt that a small group of thoughtful, committed citizens can change the world. Indeed, it is the only thing that ever has.”
Margaret Mead, cultural anthropologist
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How will YOU reach for the stars? Optional assignment: Student to pick a dream of theirs for the future. Tell about steps to achieve dream Tell about how other people can help. Tell about what education is needed. Tell about what might need to be invented.