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This article is about the wives of Henry VIII. For a more complete list of consorts, see List of English

consorts.

Henry VIII, in a portrait made c. 1520, during his nearly 24 year marriage to Catherine of Aragon.

The wives of Henry VIII were the six queens consort married to Henry VIII of Englandbetween 1509

and 1547.

The six women to hold the title 'queens consort' of King Henry VIII were, in order:

Catherine of Aragon (annulled),

Anne Boleyn (beheaded),

Jane Seymour(died days after giving birth, widely believed to be following birth complications),

Anne of Cleves (annulled)

Catherine Howard (beheaded),

Catherine Parr(survived).

(A common device to remember the fates of his consorts is "annulled, beheaded, died, annulled,

beheaded, survived." OR divorced, beheaded, died, divorced, beheaded, survived). It is often noted

that Catherine Parr"survived him"; in factAnne of Clevesalso survived the king and was the last of

his queens to die. Of the six queens,Catherine of Aragon,Anne Boleyn andJane Seymoureach gave

Henry one child who survived infancytwo daughters and one son, all three of whom would

eventually ascend to the throne. They were Queen Mary I,Queen Elizabeth I, andKing Edward VI,

respectively.

Catherine Howardand Anne Boleyn, Henry's two queens who were beheaded, were first cousins.

Several of his wives worked in at least one of his other wives' service. Anne Boleyn worked

inCatherine of Aragon's service; Jane Seymourworked in Catherine of Aragon'sandAnne

Boleyn'sservice; and Catherine Howardworked in Anne of Cleves's.

Legally speaking, two of these marriages never occurred as they were annulled, so under a legalinterpretation, Henry VIII actually had only four wives despite having six weddings.
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Henry was distantly related to all six of his wives through their common ancestor, King Edward I of

England.[1]

There is a rhyme which also helps to remember his wives:

King Henry the Eighth, to six wives he was wedded. One died, one survived, two divorced, two

beheaded.

However, this rhyme is somewhat invalid, because he didn't divorce two wives; he had the marriages

annulled.

Henry and at least four of his wives (Catherine of Aragon,Anne Boleyn,Jane Seymourand Catherine

Parr) have been characters in opera (for details, see List of historical opera characters).

Contents

[hide]

1 Catherine of

Aragon

2 Anne Boleyn

3 Jane Seymour

4 Anne of Cleves

5 Catherine

Howard

6 Catherine Parr

7 References

[edit]Catherine of Aragon

Main article:Catherine of Aragon

Catherine of Aragon

Catherine of Aragon (16 December 1485 7 January 1536; Spanish: Catalina de Aragn) wasHenry's first wife.[2] After the death ofArthur, her first husband and Henry's brother, a papal
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dispensation was obtained to enable her to marry Henry, though the marriage did not take place until

after he came to the throne in 1509. Prospects were looking good when a Catherine became pregnant

in 1510, just 4 months after their marriage, but the girl was stillborn. Catherine became pregnant again

in 1511, and gave birth to a boy who died two months later. In 1512, Catherine gave birth to a stillborn

boy, and then a stillborn girl in 1513. Finally, Catherine bore him a healthy daughter in 1516,Mary. It

took her two years to conceive again. This pregnancy also ended with a stillborn girl. It is said that

Henry truly loved Catherine of Aragon, he himself professed it many a time in song, letters,

inscriptions, public declarations etc.

Henry, at the time a Roman Catholic, sought the Pope's approval for anannulmenton the grounds

that his marriage was invalid because Catherine had first been his brother's wife. Henry had begun an

affair withAnne Boleyn, who is said to have refused to become his mistress (Henry had already

consummated an affair with and then dismissed Anne's sister, Mary Boleyn, and most historians

believe that Anne wanted to avoid the same treatment)[citation needed]. Despite the pope's refusal, Henry

separated from Catherine in 1531. In the face of the Pope's continuing refusal to annul his marriage to

Catherine, Henry ordered the highest church official in England,Thomas Cranmer,Archbishop of

Canterbury, to convene a court to rule on the status of his marriage to Catherine. On 23 May

1533[3] Cranmer ruled the marriage to Catherine null and void. On 28 May 1533 he pronounced the

King legally married to Anne (with whom Henry had already secretly exchanged wedding vows,

probably in late January 1533). This led to the break from the Roman Catholic Church and the later

establishment of the Church of England.Shakespearecalled her "The Queen of Earthly Queens".

Marriage to Henry VIII: 11 June 1509 23 May 1533 (23 years, 11 months, 11 days), Annulled

[edit]Anne Boleyn

Main article:Anne Boleyn

Anne Boleyn

Anne Boleyn (c.1501/150719 May 1536) was the second wife ofHenry VIII of Englandand the

mother ofElizabeth I of England. Henry's marriage to Anne, and her subsequent execution, made her

a key figure in the political and religious upheaval that was the start of the English Reformation. The

daughter of SirThomas Boleyn and his wife, Lady Elizabeth Boleyn (born Lady Elizabeth Howard),

Anne was of nobler birth than Jane Seymour; Henry's later wife, and was dark-haired, with beautiful

features and lively manners. She was educated in Europe, largely as a lady-in-waiting to Queen

Claude of France.

Anne resisted the King's attempts to seduce her in 1526 and she refused to become his mistress, asher sister,Mary Boleyn, had been. It soon became the one absorbing object of the King's desires to
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secure a divorce from his wife, Catherine of Aragon, so he could marry Anne. When it became clear

that Pope Clement VII was unlikely to give the king an annulment, the breaking of the power of the

Roman Catholic Church in England began.

Henry had Thomas Wolseydismissed from public office and later had the Boleyn family's

chaplain, Thomas Cranmer, appointed Archbishop of Canterbury. In 1533, Henry and Anne went

through a secret wedding service.[4] She soon became pregnant and there was a second, public

wedding service, which took place in London on 25 January 1533. On 23 May 1533, Cranmer

declared the marriage of Henry and Catherine null and void. Five days later, Cranmer declared the

marriage of Henry and Anne to be good and valid. Soon after, the Pope launched sentences

ofexcommunication against the King and the Archbishop. As a result of Anne's marriage to the King,

theChurch of Englandwas forced to break with Rome and was brought under the king's control.[4]Anne was crownedQueen Consort of England on 1 June 1533. Later that year, on 7 September,

Anne gave birth to another daughter,Elizabeth. When Anne failed to quickly produce a male heir, her

only son being stillborn, the King grew tired of her and a plot was hatched byThomas Cromwell to

execute her.

Although the evidence against her was unconvincing, Anne was beheaded on charges

ofadultery, incest, and high treasonon 19 May 1536. Following her daughterElizabeth's coronation

as queen, Anne was venerated as a martyr and heroine of the English Reformation, particularly

through the works ofJohn Foxe. Over the centuries, Anne has inspired or been mentioned in

numerous artistic and cultural works. Due to this fact, she has remained in the popular memory and

Anne has been called "the most influential and important queen consort England has ever had." [citation

needed]

Marriage to Henry VIII: 28 May 1533 19 May 1536 (2 years, 11 months, 21 days), annulled then

beheaded[5]

[edit]Jane Seymour

Main article:Jane Seymour

Jane Seymour

Jane Seymour(c.roughly 1508 24 October 1537) was Henry's third wife. She served Catherine of

Aragon and was one ofAnne Boleyn's ladies-in-waiting.[6] It is strongly believed that she is the

mistress that disposed of Anne, who was executed just eleven days before Jane's marriage to the

king. She was of lower birth than most of Henry's wives, as the daughter of a knight. Finally, a year

later, Jane gave birth to a healthy, legitimate male heir,Edward, but Seymour died twelve days later,

seemingly because of post-natal complications. This apparently caused her husband genuine grief, as
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she was the only queen to receive a proper Queen's burial; when the King died in 1547, he was buried

next to her.

Marriage to Henry VIII: 30 May 1536 24 October 1537 (1 year, 4 months, 24 days), death from

complications of childbirth.

[edit]Anne of Cleves

Main article:Anne of Cleves

Anne of Cleves

Anne of Cleves (22 September 1515 16 July 1557) was Henry's fourth wife, for only six months in

1540, from 6 January to 9 July. Anne of Cleves was a German princess.[7] It has been incorrectly

stated that Henry referred to her as "A Flanders Mare" The label has stuck with Anne.[8] Her pre-

contract of marriage with Francis I, Duke of Lorraine, was cited as grounds for an annulment. Anne

agreed to this, claiming that the marriage had not been consummated, and because she hadn't

resisted the annulment, was given a generous settlement, includingHever Castle, former home of

Henry's former in-laws, the Boleyns. She was given the name "The King's Sister", and became a

friend to him and his children until his death. She outlived both the King and his last two wives, making

her the last of the six wives to die.

Marriage to Henry VIII: 6 January 1540 9 July 1540 (6 months, 3 days), Annulled.

[edit]Catherine Howard

Main article:Catherine Howard

Catherine Howard

Catherine Howard(c.1521 13 February 1542) was Henry's fifth wife between 15401542,

sometimes known as "the rose without a thorn". Henry was informed of her alleged adultery

withThomas Culpepperon 1 November 1541.[9] After being deprived of the title of Queen, she was

beheaded at the Tower of London. The night before, Catherine spent hours practising how to lay herhead upon the block,[citation needed] and her last words were for mercy for her family and prayers for her
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soul. It was also popularly believed that Catherine had also declared, "I die a Queen, but I'd rather die

the wife of Culpepper."[citation needed] Catherine was a first cousin ofAnne Boleyn, as her aunt was Anne's

mother.

Marriage to Henry VIII: 28 July 1540 13 February 1542 (1 year, 6 months, 18 days), Beheaded.

[edit]Catherine Parr

Main article:Catherine Parr

Catherine Parr

Catherine Parr(1512 7 September 1548), also spelled Kateryn, was the sixth and last wife of Henry

VIII 15431547. She was the daughter ofSir Thomas Parrof Kendal and his wifeMaud Green.

Through her father, Catherine was a direct descendant of King Edward III of England(House of

Plantagenet) and Philippa of Hainault, Queen Consort of England through their son PrinceJohn of

Gaunt, 1st Duke of LancasterPlantagenet and his mistress, later wife, Katherine Swynfordne Rot.

Through John of Gaunt's daughter Lady Joan Beaufort, Countess of Westmoreland(the maternal

great-great grandmother of Henry) Catherine was a 3rd cousin, once removed, of her husband, Henry

VIII. By Henry's paternal descent from John Beaufort, 1st Earl of Somerset, another child ofJohn ofGaunt andKatherine Swynford, the two were also fourth cousins, once removed.[10]

Catherine showed herself to be the restorer of Henry's court as a family home for his children.

Catherine was determined to present the royal household as a close-knit one in order to demonstrate

strength through unity to Henry's opposers.[citation needed] Perhaps Catherine's most significant

achievement was Henry's passing of anact that confirmed both Princess Mary's andElizabeth's line in

succession for the throne, despite the fact that they had both been made illegitimate by divorce or

remarriage. Such was Henry's trust in Catherine that he chose her to rule as Regent while he was

attending to the War in France and in the unlikely event of the loss of his life, she was to rule as

Regent until six year oldEdwardcame of age.

Catherine also has a special place in history as she was the most married queen of England, having

had four husbands in all; Henry was her third. She had been widowed twice before marrying Henry.

After Henry's death, she married Thomas Seymour, uncle ofEdward VI, to whom she had formed an

attachment prior to her marriage with Henry. She had one child by Seymour, Mary, and died shortly

after childbirth. Mary's history is unknown, but she is believed to have died as a toddler.

Marriage to Henry VIII: 12 July 1543 28 January 1547 (3 years, 6 months, 16 days), His death

[edit]References

1. ^ Antonia Fraser, The Wives of Henry VIII, genealogical tables

2. ^ Pollard, A.F. "King Henry VII." Encyclopdia Britannica. 11th edition. 2008. Print.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anne_Boleynhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anne_Boleynhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wives_of_Henry_VIII&action=edit&section=6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catherine_Parrhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catherine_Parrhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catherine_Parrhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sir_Thomas_Parrhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sir_Thomas_Parrhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sir_Thomas_Parrhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maud_Greenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maud_Greenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_III_of_Englandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_III_of_Englandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippa_of_Hainaulthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_of_Gaunt,_1st_Duke_of_Lancasterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_of_Gaunt,_1st_Duke_of_Lancasterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_of_Gaunt,_1st_Duke_of_Lancasterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katherine_Swynfordhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katherine_Swynfordhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joan_Beaufort,_Countess_of_Westmorelandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joan_Beaufort,_Countess_of_Westmorelandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Beaufort,_1st_Earl_of_Somersethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_of_Gaunt,_1st_Duke_of_Lancasterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_of_Gaunt,_1st_Duke_of_Lancasterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katherine_Swynfordhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katherine_Swynfordhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Third_Succession_Acthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Third_Succession_Acthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_I_of_Englandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_I_of_Englandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_I_of_Englandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_I_of_Englandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_I_of_Englandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_VI_of_Englandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_VI_of_Englandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_VI_of_Englandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Seymour,_1st_Baron_Seymour_of_Sudeleyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Seymour,_1st_Baron_Seymour_of_Sudeleyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_VIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_VIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_Seymourhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_Seymourhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wives_of_Henry_VIII&action=edit&section=7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Catherine_Parr_from_NPG.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Catherine_Parr_from_NPG.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anne_Boleynhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wives_of_Henry_VIII&action=edit&section=6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catherine_Parrhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catherine_Parrhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sir_Thomas_Parrhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maud_Greenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_III_of_Englandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippa_of_Hainaulthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_of_Gaunt,_1st_Duke_of_Lancasterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_of_Gaunt,_1st_Duke_of_Lancasterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katherine_Swynfordhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joan_Beaufort,_Countess_of_Westmorelandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Beaufort,_1st_Earl_of_Somersethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_of_Gaunt,_1st_Duke_of_Lancasterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_of_Gaunt,_1st_Duke_of_Lancasterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katherine_Swynfordhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Third_Succession_Acthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_I_of_Englandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_I_of_Englandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_VI_of_Englandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Seymour,_1st_Baron_Seymour_of_Sudeleyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_VIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_Seymourhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wives_of_Henry_VIII&action=edit&section=7


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3. ^ Lacey Baldwin Smith, Henry VIII: The Mask of Royalty, p.116

4. ^ ab"Anne Boleyn 15071536." World Book Encyclopedia. "19th ed". 2001. Print.

5. ^ Tudor History Anne Boleyn

6. ^ Jokinen, Anniina. "[The Six Wives of King Henry VIIhttp://www.luminarium.org/renlit/sixwives.htm]"

2007. Web. 7 May 2009.

7. ^ "Anne of Cleves." World Book Encyclopedia. "19th ed". 2001. Print.

8. ^ Burnett "History of the Reformation of England" Print

9. ^ "Catherine Howard." World Book Encyclopedia. "19th ed". 2001. Print.
http://tudorhistory.org/boleyn/http://www.luminarium.org/renlit/sixwives.htmhttp://www.luminarium.org/renlit/sixwives.htmhttp://tudorhistory.org/boleyn/http://www.luminarium.org/renlit/sixwives.htm

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