henri videau llr santa cruz june 2002 1 calice, a frame for r&d on calorimetry where do we stand...

Henri Videau LLR Santa Cruz June 2002

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CALICE, a frame for R&D on calorimetry

Where do we stand today?


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The R&D effortThe CALICE collaboration

ECAL + HCAL DESY proposal

Current developments in the CALICE collaboration, the objectives

The aim

Prove the existence of a calorimeter designhardware and software

fulfilling the requirements for a linear collider experiment

through specific technological developmentsup to a physics prototype of the complete calorimeter

Be ready to build the calorimeter


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S.Chekanov, G.Drake, S.Kuhlmann, S.R.Magill, B.Musgrave, J.Proudfoot, J.Repond, R.Stanek, R.Yoshida Argonne National Laboratory

D.R.Ward, M.A.ThomsonThe Cavendish Laboratory, Cambridge University

S.Valkar, J.Zacek Charles University - Prague

P.D.Dauncey Department of Physics,Imperial College London

H.Araujo, J.M.Butterworth, D.J.Miller, M.Postranecky , M.Warren Department of Physics and Astronomy,University College London

R.J.Barlow, I.P.Duerdoth,N.M.Malden , R.J.Thompson The Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Manchester

S. Abraham, V.Djordjadze, V. Korbel, S.Reiche, P.Steffen DESY - Hamburg

V. Ammosov, Yu.Arestov, B.Chuiko, V.Ermolaev,V.Gapienko, A.Gerasimov, V.Koreshev, V.Lishin, V.Medvedev, A.Semak, V.Shelekhov, Yu.Sviridov, E.Usenko, V.Zaets, A.Zakharov

Institute of High Energy Physics - Protvino

J.Cvach, M.Janata, M.Lokajicek, S.Nemecek, J.Popule, M.Tomasek, P.Sicho, V.Vrba, J.Weichert Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic - Prague

M.Danilov, Y.Gilitski, V.Kochetkov, I.Matchikhilian, V.Morgunov, S.Shuvalov Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics - Moscow

B.Bouquet, G. Martin, J-P. Richer, Z.Zhang Laboratoire de l'Acc₫l₫rateur Lin₫aire - Orsay


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F.Badaud, G.Bohner, F.Chandez, P.Gay, J. Lecoq, S.Monteil Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire - Clermont

E.Devitsin, V.Kozlov, L.Popov, S.Potashov, A.Terkulov Lebedev Physics Institute - Moscow

J-C.Brient, A.Busata, A.Karar, P.Mora de Freitas, G.Morinaud, D.Orlando,H.Videau LLR - Ecole Polytechnique - Palaiseau

A. Savoy-Navarro LPNHE - Universit₫ Paris6/7

S.Apin, I.Bagdasarova, V.Galkine,E.Gushin, A.Kaoucher, V. Saveliev, K.Smirnov, M.ZaboudkoMoscow Engineering and Physics Institute

P.Ermolov, D.Karmanov, M.Merkin, A.Savin, A.Voronin, V.Volkov Moscow State University

P.Roca Physique des Interfaces et Couches Minces - Ecole Polytechnique - Palaiseau

Ilgoo Kim, Taeyun Lee, Jaehong Park, Jinho Sung School of Electric Engineering and Computing Science, Seoul National University, Korea

C.M.Hawkes, S.J.Hillier, R.J.Staley, N.K.Watson School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham

A.Brandin, A.Ridiger State Research Center "INTERPHYSIKA" , Moscow

M.Ashurov, I.Rustamov, E.Gasanov, K.Khatamov, S.IsmoilovTashkent University

+ NI


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A Si-W electromagnetic calorimeter

A prototype to be put in a beam in 2004

The elements of the study(up to now)

Two versions of hadronic calorimeterwith scintillator tiles read analogicallywith RPC (or other detector) read digitally

An adequate reconstruction softwarebased on analytic energy flow


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The main design problems

Area of silicon, its price

The number of channels, the space

Getting the signals out, coherent noise

Making the mechanical structure

What about dead zonesBehaviour of hadrons

Current developments in the CALICE collaboration, the objectives

Wafer design to reduce dead space

The Si- W electromagnetic calorimeter


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cost

/are

a (

$/cm

²)

Moore's Law for Silicon Detectors

Used in the TDR

Blank wafer price 6'' 2 $/cm²

1

2

10

4''

6''Wafer size

DATA From H.F-W. Sadrozinski, UC-Santa Cruz

This is a cost prediction for microstrips!

Number of masksYield (good tolerance to

dead channels)

<< 2 $/cm ²

TDR 96/130 ME


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Re-calculate the estimation of cost, using the 2 €/cm²for the silicon

The cost of the ECAL is between 68 (20 layers) to 99 (40layers) M€

With the HCAL (i.e. version DHCAL) , the total cost of the calorimeter ranges from 129 (20 layers) to 175 (40 layers) MCH (CMS equivalent is 145 MCH)

1 - For the complete set ECAL + HCAL + Muon-CH ( MCH)

2 - The change of the geometry can further reduce the cost (length of barrel, internal radius,...)

CMS

Calice -FLC216

132/178

18/40% reduction

from JC Brient St- Malo


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Vaclav Vrba

AC coupling through resistor and capacitancemade by deposition of amorphous silicon

Wafers for thephysics prototype

One guardringper wafer

Gluing


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Getting the signals out,

where to put the FE electronics?

on the side of modules: (accessible), easy to coolnumber of lines, connections

inside the calorimeter: more accessible??easy to connectcooling?

TDR

New study


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Pad

Silicon wafer

PCB

Aluminium

Cooling tube Cooling tubeVFE chip

1.3 mm

1.0 mm

0.5 mm

Thermal contact

Gluing for electrical contact

AC coupling elements?

powerline command line signal out

A design with electronics inside detector


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Current design of prototypes

Thermal study

Pick up study

Front- end study (Opera)

Detector slab study

Mechanical structure study

for prototypefor final design}

Physics prototypeStructure

Wafers


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Physics Prototype – global presentation

VME HCAL structure

Movable tableSilicon wafer

Electronics

Beam monitoring

Movable table

BEAM

ECAL

Detector slab

1st structure (1.4mm of W plates)

2nd structure (2×1.4mm of W plates)

3rd structure (3×1.4mm of W plates)

370 mm

370 mm

180 mm

from Marc Anduze, LLR CALICE Collaboration


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Mid-march Mid-march A first sample of tungsten plates arrives at LLR => metrologyThe design of the front-end chip is fixed. First batch for test.End-march End-march Production of the final set of masks for the silicon wafers processingBeginning-April Beginning-April Start the production of a sample of 40 tungsten plates corresponding to the first technological test and first stack of prototypeApril-MayApril-May Processing of the first 25 silicon wafers (DC coupled) May-September May-September Processing and test of about 100 silicon wafers Final submission of the VFE chip for the prototype

Progress report on the prototype

from JC Brient St- Malo


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Slides by Volker Korbel

The hadron calorimeter, tile version


16Optimisation studies on the tile-WLS fibre system

at DESY, ITEP and LPI/Moscow and Prague.

Green WLS fibre:attenuation length

Scintillatorlight yield

Scintillator :uniformity of RO

Reflector foil:mirror or diffraction, light yield Reflector foil:

uniformity of RO Tile-WLS system: optimal coupling, light yield, uniformity>>>> 5x5 cm2, than: ...7x7....16x16cm2

tiles

New Scintillators: ~6600 m2, costs!

clear RO fibre:attenuation length

WLS fibre:bending in small radius

WLS fibre:ageing, rad. hardness

WLS fibre:fibre end mirroring

V.Korbel, DESY, 24.6.2002


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Remark:these numbersare expected to

be improved furtherby ~ 30-40%

TESLA Tile-HCAL, Best coupling shape for WLS fibres?

-Loops with PM :ph.e./tile ph./cell1 ~10 2402 ~15 3603 ~16 384unbent fibres:along edge, no groove: 7.0 168along groove in centre 7.7 184diagonal fibre, groove: 10.5 256diagonal, minimal bend: 11.0 264Criteria to use unbent, straight fibres:

easy to insert,less risk of damage, no bending stress,> less ageing expected !!!



18Photodetectors for the Tile-HCAL

Inside 4T magnetic field:HPD’s, expensive ??APD’s, arrays possible, to studySi-photomultipliers (Si-PMs)

APD’s, Study at DESY and Prague 4x8 channel Si-APD array, Hamamatsu S8550, 1,6x1,6 mm2 pixels >> 3x3mm2

low capacities 10-15 pF possible, >> low amplifier noise at 360-380 V gain of 100-300 possible, but excess noise?

temperature stability, gain shift of 1-2% /°C, overcome by monitoring >> work on integration with monolithic preamps (OPERA-type)Si-PM’s, Study at MEPHI/Moscow silicon photodiodes with Geiger mode amplification, pixels of 20 m diameter, 103 pixels/mm2, dynamic range? ~30 V operation voltage, large gain of ~105 -106

Q.E ~ 20% at 500nm, individual detectors only, ~1.5x1.5 mm2 active area see: E. Lorenz, “Evaluation of the new S8550 APD array...” and Boris Dolgoshein, “Silicon Photomultiplier and ist Applications”, in 3. Beaune Conf. On “New Developments in Photoproduction, June 2002



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[

1

[

[

[

[

Assembled with up to27 scintillator layers:165 scintillator tiles of: 5x5 cm2 >> 45 cells 10x10 cm2 >> 8 cells 20x20 cm2 >> 2 cellsread out by ~ 50 cm WLS fibres to photo-detectors:16 small PM’s3x16 MA-PM’s,later (August):1x32 M-APD array (Prague)Si-PM’s (MEPHI, Moscow)Stack and Tile structure

Cell structureTrack chambers?

Tile-HCAL „minical“-array

Aim of this device is study of:light yield, stability, ageing and calibration with MIP’s V.Korbel, DESY, 24.6.2002


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The hadron calorimeter, the digital version

RPC's information from DHCAL subcollaboration:IHEP, Interphysica, LLR, MEPhI, Seoul U.


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Gap 1.2 mm

Glass plates 1 mm

TFE/N2/IB 80/10/10

Efficiency to mip > 98%

Pads outside

Pads inside

Signal on 50 : 3 V

1x1 cm2

by courtesy of Vladimir Ammossov


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Scheme for a digital HCAL signal detection

Fe or ..

Fe

ChipPCB

SpacersGlass

Padinsulating layer

insulating layer

resistive layer

conductive layer

Thin PCB (1mm) combining pads and circuitry

Thin packaging, TQFP 1 mm

Power dissipation ~ 1 mW/ch


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Read out scheme for a 64 channel chip

Reading the chips througha token ring

Cost < 0.2 Euros/ch

~ 64 million channels


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Currently designing the RPC - FPGA interface

Current to voltage conversionPulse stretching

Digital output (CMOS compatible)Low input impedance

Overvoltage protection of FPGALow power consumption

through current mirrors


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The impact of using gas detectorsread digitally

up to recently the simulation for the digital solutionwas done with scintillator cells.we moved to simulate RPC's

and that's different!


26by courtesy of Anatoli Sokolov

Not only it isdigital but it could seem almost

compensating!

Almost a factor 3between gasand scintillator

Investigating...



The sigma was estimated through a gaussian fit


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The sigma is estimated byquartiles:take out 16%on the lefton the right

No differencefor hadronsbetween scint.and gas

NN seems to bringin both casesa 1.5 improvement


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The software side

Recent release of Simdet v4

Writing of a geometry tool kit based on Geant4 but reachable from different languages

Study of a "human level" language for geometry description

Simulate more realistically RPC's, other detectors (MOKKA)

Reconstruct photons, charged tracks, neutral hadronsIdentify leptons Performances

Rules Persistency: interface

Note http://polype.in2p3.fr/geant4/tesla/www/index.html#dgdl


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What's new I: RPCs in HCALWhat's new I: RPCs in HCAL


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What's new I: RPCs in HCALWhat's new I: RPCs in HCAL

G10Gas Chamber

Glasses

Iron

Iron

Spacers

Magnetic field direction


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What's new II: the SETWhat's new II: the SET


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Reconstruction

Identification

Performances


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X generated 's 8+ charged 4* neutral had. 1O reconstructed 's

Seeing a W dijetimpact on the first 4X0 of the calorimeterin projection

The square is100 mrad wide

Simulation from MOKKA, an application of Geant4


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number of reconstructed 'sversusnumber of generated 's

e e W W at 800GeVSome results at 800 GeV on photons

GeV

Photonreconstructed energyversustrue energy

Results from REPLIC


36e e W W at 800GeV

Distribution of eventphotonic true multiplicityand reconstructed

Distribution of eventphotonic true energyand reconstructed


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GeV

Energy distributionfor true photonsand reconstructed onesincluding fakes

e e W W at 800GeV


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Energy distribution of generated true photonsand reconstructed true photons

GeV

A reconstructed photonis associated to a true oneif more than 75% of itsenergy comes from it.

e e W W at 800GeV


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Difference between the true photon energyand the reconstructed oneper event.

The fit is done with 2 gaussians.

Norm1 101.88 Mean1 0.23 GeV1 7.01 GeV

Norm2 35.84Mean2 - 0.02 GeV2 18.49 GeV2/dof = 1.1

GeV

e e W W at 800GeV


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GeV

Photon reconstruction efficiency at low energy

e e W W at 800GeV


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Pattern recognition from mip identification and vertexing

P. Gay St-Malo

.145/E + .02

same for neutrons and K0


42Impact of the Neutral Hadrons

Neutral hadron reconstructed replaced by MC truth

?

From P. Gayenergy flow sessionSt- Malo


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Using the same technique as the ALEPH tau analysis (HLM)

MUONS (without using muon chambers) ------- 2<P<5 P>5 =========================== Eff. mu-> mu 24/31 54/54

Eff. PI -> mu 46/4698 56/3064

ELECTRONS (using dE/dx values and errors from SIMDET v4) ---------- 1<P<1.5 P>1.5 Eff. el-> el 20/21 117/118 Eff. pi-> el 7/2492 0/9472

Few new results on particle identification in jets

JC. Brient


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Conclusion

poursuivons le combat

la lotta continua

keep working



The sigma is estimated byquartiles:take out 16%on the lefton the right

No differencefor hadronsbetween scint.and gas

NN seems to bringin both casesa 1.5 improvement

henri videau llr santa cruz june 2002 1 calice, a frame for r&d on calorimetry where do we stand...

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