henning kroll – fraunhofer institute for systems ......the following types of summary output are...

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H e n n i n g K r o l l –F r a u n h o f e r I n s t i t u t e f o r S y s t e m s a n d I n n o v a t i o n R e s e a r c h

REGIONAL INNOVATION MONITOR –THE BENCHMARKING TOOL

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• regional benchmarking constitutes a “systematic process for comparing performance of [...] organisations, functions, processes of economies, policies, or sectors of business (European Commission 1999).

• most approaches include the comparison with a defined maximum (the “benchmark”) by means of quantitative indicators (IPTS, Joanneum 2002).

• limits to the application of benchmarking to innovation policy since oftentimes no aggregate indicator can cover the given diversity in policy goals, relations between policy intervention and due to a high degree of context dependency changes in outcome cannot easily be connected to policy action.

• However: benchmarking can be an important part of the policy learning process, which goes beyond mere comparisons, it can help to arrive at an understanding of the underlying processes that cause different performances (IPTS, Joanneum 2002).

Know where you stand when considering what to do

A ims of the Benchmark ing Tool

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• PRO INNO Innovation Scoreboard (but: National Level)

• PRO INNO Regional Innovation Scoreboard (but: Report Format)

What i s ava i lab le so far?

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• Eurostat (but: Raw Data)

What we are lacking is an easy-to use tool for the non-expert user

What i s ava i lab le so far?

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To in a gradual fashion develop and improve tools for the benchmarking of regions in the course of the project

• To facilitate policy makers access to existing statistical information (e.g. Eurostat) by means of automated benchmarking applications,

• To provide access to not broadly available indicators so far only discussed in studies (e.g. Structural Funds data, Community Innovation Survey Data),

• To collect additional qualitative data through a network of regional correspondents and to make it accessible for benchmarking.

A ims of Benchmark ing in the context of theRegiona l Innovat ion Moni tor

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Two main approaches:

• Easy-Access Standard Benchmarking Toolready-to-use solution for political stakeholders or other interested parties, easy-to-extract yet reliable answers to simple benchmarking questions,takeaway figure printout; to come: takeaway summary printouts

• Interactive Expert Benchmarking Tool

complex solution to satisfy expert demandscustomisable results to provide answers to complex questionsset up as online tool; to come: takeaway figure printout

Combination of easy-to-use approach (one-button-solution) andavailability of detailed query options should the need arise

Types of Benchmark ing Tools

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What does i t look l ike in pract ice ?Easy-Access Standard Benchmark ing Tool

Simple, one-klick solution

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For example, in the field of Socioeconomic Indicators:

Population (Total)

Degree of Urbanisation (households in densely-populated area (> 500 inhabitants/km2))

Share of Elderly (age 65+) in Population

Regional GDP (in current EUR)

Growth of Regional GDP (Real Growth at Market Prices)

Per Capita GDP (in current EUR)

Share of Economically Active Population with Tertiary Education (in Total)

Share of Employment by Aggregated Sector

Unemployment Rate (in %)

Change in Unemployment Rate

Share of Long Term Unemployment in Total Unemployment (in %)

Ind icators so far ava i lab le :F i r s t l y, 43 s tandard ind icators

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For example, in the field of RTDI Indicators:

Gross Expenditure on R&D (GERD; in current EUR)

Gross Expenditure on R&D per GDP (in %)

Share of Public Expenditure on R&D in GERD (Higher Education) (in %)

Share of Public Expenditure on R&D in GERD (other Public) (in %)

Share of Business Expenditure on R&D in GERD (in %)

EPO Patent Applications (by Priority Year)

Share of Knowledge Workers (Share of HRST in Economically Active Population) (in %)

Share of Employment in Medium-high and High-tech Manufacturing (in Total)

Share of Employment in Knowledge-intensive Services (in Total)

Share of Population Involved in Life-long Learning (in %)

Share of Households with Broadband Access (in %)

Ind icators so far ava i lab le :F i r s t l y, 43 s tandard ind icators

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(normalised scores within a 0 (lowest) to 1 (highest) range)

Non-R&D innovation expenditures of all enterprises as a percentage of turnover

SMEs innovating in-house as a percentage of all SMEs

Innovative SMEs collaborating with others as a percentage of all SMEs

SMEs introducing product or process innovations as a percentage of all SMEs

SMEs introducing marketing and/or organisational innovations as a percentage of all

Share of innovating SMEs where innovation has a highly important effect on reducing labour costs per unit of output as a percentage of all

Share of innovating SMEs where innovation has a highly important effect on reducing materials and energy per unit of output as a percentage of all

New-to-market sales of innovative SMEs as a percentage of turnover of all SMEs

New-to-firm sales of innovative SMEs as a percentage of turnover of all SMEs

Ind icators so far ava i lab le :Secondly, Community Innovat ion Survey

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Expenditures during the Support Period 2000-2006, e.g.:

Total SF expenditures SF expenditures on core RTDI

SF expenditures on research projects based in universities and research institutes

SF expenditures on innovation and technology

SF expenditures on RTDI infrastructures

SF expenditures on training for researchers

Total SF expenditures on business innovation

SF expenditures on business advisory services for large business organisations

SF expenditures on environment-friendly technologies for SMEs and the craft sector

SF expenditures on business advisory services for SMEs and the craft

SF expenditures on shared business services for SMEs and the craft sector

SF expenditures expenditures on workforce flexibility, entrepreneurial activity, innovation

[…]

Ind icators so far ava i lab le :Th i rd ly , 44 St ructura l Funding ind icators

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Allocations for the Support Period 2007-2013:

Total SF allocations SF allocations on core RTDI

SF allocations on extended RTDI

SF allocations on technology transfer and improvement of cooperation networks

SF allocations on advanced support services for firms and groups of firms

SF allocations on services and applications for SMEs

SF allocations on R&TD infrastructures

SF allocations on R&TD activities in research

SF allocations on other measures to stimulate research and innovation and entrepreneurship in SMEs

SF allocations on investment in firms directly lined to research and innovation

SF allocations on developing human potential in the field of research and

SF allocations on assistance to SMEs for the promotion of environmentally-friendly products

SF allocations on business innovation

SF allocations on assistance to R&TD, particularly in SMEs

Ind icators so far ava i lab le :Th i rd ly , 44 St ructura l Funding ind icators

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value of the respective region is displayed in a column chart and an overview table

in comparison to

the 5 highest values, the 5 lowest values, the EU27 average,

the national value

Easy-Access Standard Benchmark ing Tool

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Easy-Access Standard Benchmark ing Tool Country Leve l (NUTS0) Compar i sons

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Easy-Access Standard Benchmark ing Tool NUTS1 (e .g . DE Länder ) Compar i sons

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Easy-Access Standard Benchmark ing Tool NUTS2 (e .g . FR Départments ) Compar i sons

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Accessible through the standard tool:

A little more complex to use,

Requires a number of settings but:

able to produce diverse outputs according to individual needs of the user:

• Line charts,

• Bar charts,

• Column charts,

• Pie charts,

• Spider charts.

In teract ive Expert Benchmark ing Tool

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allows the user to benchmark

any NUTS 0, 1 or 2 region in Europe,

against group averages (or sums): groups of regions can be defined freely and treated as a single item.

In teract ive Expert Benchmark ing Tool

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• Improve Simple Benchmarking Tool to make it even easier to use

• Continue work on the Expert Benchmarking Tool

• Add additional qualitative Indicators

Out look: Soon to come

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A combination of different outputs in

standardised multi page documents

to spare the user multiple queries

The following types of Summary Output are planned:

• Socio-Economic Indicators

• RTDI Indicators

• Structural Funds Indicators

• Governance Indicators

• Policy Indicators

Will be exportable as .pdf

To come: Execut ive Summary Output

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Economic Indicators

•Regional GDP (in current EUR);

•Growth of regional GDP;

•Per Capita GDP (current EUR);

•Growth of regional per capita GDP;

•Gross fixed capital investment (current Euro);

•Share of employment in:

• Agriculture;

• Industry;

• Wholesale and retail trade etc.;

• Financial sector; real estate etc.;

• Public sector;

• Unemployment rate.

To come: Execut ive Summary Output(Example )

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Based on a survey among the RIM regional correspondents

For example:

• the general degree of institutional autonomy of the regional authorities in the region,

• the degree of institutional autonomy of regional authorities with regard to RTDI policy,

• the set-up of regional institutions tasked with the development of innovation policy (if any),

• the degree of formalisation of regional innovation strategy (if any),

• the presence of horizontal coordination mechanisms between different regional players ,

• the presence of inter-regional co-ordination mechanisms between,

• the presence of vertical co-ordination mechanisms between e.g. regional and national level,

• the general set-up of the regional system of policy delivery (centralised, de-centralised),

• degree of relevance of the EU Structural Funds, in terms of funding,

• degree of the EU Structural Funds, for regional strategy development,

• the frequency of the use of evaluations for regional policy learning.

• […]

Soon to come:Qual i ta t ive Informat ion on Governance

henning kroll – fraunhofer institute for systems ......the following types of summary output are...

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